測試數據
cd / && dd if=/dev/zero of=file bs=1M count=10000
將磁盤變大的測試命令. 生產環境不要用. 這只是用於測試擴容后的效果
LVM基礎命令:
pvdisplay 查看檢查pv
pvremove /dev/sdb #清除一個pv
vgremove [vg名] #清除一個vg
lvremove [lv名] #清除一個lv
fdisk -l 檢查磁盤
df -h 檢查全部磁盤大小
df -Th 檢查磁盤大小和分區格式類型
pvdisplay 檢查pv
vgdisplay 檢查vg
lvdisplay 檢查lv
0. 添加磁盤后需要進行掃描識別
echo "- - -" > /sys/class/scsi_host/host0/scan
echo "- - -" > /sys/class/scsi_host/host1/scan
echo "- - -" > /sys/class/scsi_host/host2/scan
1. 檢查當前磁盤
[root@localhost /]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root 40G 9.6G 31G 24% /
devtmpfs 982M 0 982M 0% /dev
tmpfs 993M 0 993M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 993M 8.7M 984M 1% /run
tmpfs 993M 0 993M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 197M 103M 95M 53% /boot
tmpfs 199M 0 199M 0% /run/user/0
注意: /dev/mapper/centos-root 是邏輯卷的路徑.
2. 檢查pv [ pvdisplay ]
[root@localhost /]# pvdisplay
--- Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sda2
VG Name centos
PV Size 19.80 GiB / not usable 3.00 MiB
Allocatable yes (but full)
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 5069
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 5069
PV UUID 4YLVja-jT6q-FphK-3E60-5Qde-Z3gw-zLpcYT
--- Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sdb1
VG Name centos
PV Size <20.00 GiB / not usable 3.00 MiB
Allocatable yes (but full)
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 5119
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 5119
PV UUID SBfuCJ-tli0-Mi2U-wO3w-eQub-0v36-0XkQBw
3. 檢查vg
[root@localhost ~]# vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name centos
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 1
Metadata Sequence No 2
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 1
Open LV 1
Max PV 0
Cur PV 1
Act PV 1
VG Size 19.80 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 5069
Alloc PE / Size 5069 / 19.80 GiB
Free PE / Size 0 / 0
VG UUID lkJhAi-7Df5-0K69-LYV4-exS2-ZqE1-FYMyIG
4. 檢查lv
[root@localhost ~]# lvdisplay
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/centos/root
LV Name root
VG Name centos
LV UUID tUUfhM-dDfU-Aw6K-tiAj-wyqf-cvbl-FcLOxj
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time localhost.localdomain, 2019-11-22 04:12:42 +0800
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size 19.80 GiB
Current LE 5069
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 8192
Block device 253:0
擴容思路
1. 加入磁盤
2. 檢查磁盤id 修改成需要擴容的磁盤ID一致,通過fdisk -l 可以查看ID
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l /dev/sda
.....
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2048 411647 204800 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 411648 41943039 20765696 8e Linux LVM
可以看到ID是 8e LVM,所以新加入的磁盤也需要改為 8e
3. 創建物理卷 pv
4. pv加入vg卷組
5. 擴容磁盤
6. 格式化磁盤
7. 結束
擴容磁盤
1. 添加磁盤
xxx 自己意淫把
2. 掃描新增磁盤
掃描:
echo "- - -" > /sys/class/scsi_host/host0/scan
echo "- - -" > /sys/class/scsi_host/host1/scan
echo "- - -" > /sys/class/scsi_host/host2/scan
3. 分區更改磁盤格式為LVM:
## 創建分區並修改磁盤格式為 [8e]:
fdisk /dev/sdc [操作新磁盤]
[root@localhost /]# fdisk /dev/sdc
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Device does not contain a recognized partition table
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xc7dec5f2.
Command (m for help): n #####-----創建分區
Partition type:
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
e extended
Select (default p):
Using default response p #####-----創建默認主分區[主分區總共就只能分出4個超過4個需要創建擴展分區]
Partition number (1-4, default 1):
First sector (2048-62914559, default 2048):
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-62914559, default 62914559):
Using default value 62914559
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 30 GiB is set
Command (m for help): t #####-----更改磁盤格式
Selected partition 1
Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e #####-----更改為8e
Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'
Command (m for help): p ### 查看一下是不是 8e
Disk /dev/sdc: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes, 62914560 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0xc7dec5f2
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdc1 2048 62914559 31456256 8e Linux LVM #確實已經是8e了
Command (m for help): w #####-----保存
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
##分區和磁盤格式更改完畢
4. 創建物理卷組:
# 創建物理卷 pvcreate /dev/sdc1
[root@localhost /]# pvcreate /dev/sdc1
Physical volume "/dev/sdc1" successfully created.
# 物理卷加入刀 centos 這個 vg 中
[root@localhost /]# vgextend centos /dev/sdc1
Volume group "centos" successfully extended
5. 檢查PE個數
vgdisplay
[root@localhost /]# vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name centos
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 3
Metadata Sequence No 5
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 1
Open LV 1
Max PV 0
Cur PV 3
Act PV 3
VG Size 69.79 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 17867
Alloc PE / Size 10188 / <39.80 GiB
Free PE / Size 7679 / <30.00 GiB ###這是剩余PE數量, 7679,也是新增的30G磁盤,7679個PE
VG UUID lkJhAi-7Df5-0K69-LYV4-exS2-ZqE1-FYMyIG
6. 擴容磁盤:
#先看目前磁盤情況:
[root@localhost /]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root 40G 9.6G 31G 24% / ## 31G.
devtmpfs 982M 0 982M 0% /dev
tmpfs 993M 0 993M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 993M 8.7M 984M 1% /run
tmpfs 993M 0 993M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 197M 103M 95M 53% /boot
tmpfs 199M 0 199M 0% /run/user/0
# 擴容並格式化磁盤:
lvresize -r -l +7679 /dev/centos/root
#結果:
[root@localhost /]# lvresize -r -l +7679 /dev/centos/root
Size of logical volume centos/root changed from <39.80 GiB (10188 extents) to 69.79 GiB (17867 extents).
Logical volume centos/root successfully resized.
meta-data=/dev/mapper/centos-root isize=512 agcount=9, agsize=1297664 blks
= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1
= crc=1 finobt=0 spinodes=0
data = bsize=4096 blocks=10432512, imaxpct=25
= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks
naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log =internal bsize=4096 blocks=2560, version=2
= sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0
data blocks changed from 10432512 to 18295808
#這是將所有PE都划分給了 /dev/centos/root , 其中 -r 是划分的同時格式化這塊新磁盤,並加入到 該分區中.
#也就是自己先格式化后擴容給/dev/centos/root 磁盤 .
#這種方法是按照PE個數來划分磁盤的, 磁盤總大小就是 磁盤總大小 = PE個數 * PE size
7. 檢查磁盤現有情況:
# 查看現有磁盤大小:
[root@localhost /]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root 70G 9.6G 61G 14% / ##-----擴容成功,磁盤從 32%下降到了14 ,大小也變成了 61G
devtmpfs 982M 0 982M 0% /dev
tmpfs 993M 0 993M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 993M 8.7M 984M 1% /run
tmpfs 993M 0 993M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 197M 103M 95M 53% /boot
tmpfs 199M 0 199M 0% /run/user/0
## 31G+擴容給的 30G一共是 61G 全部划分正確.
查看磁盤UUID:
[root@localhost ~]# blkid
/dev/sda1: UUID="cb322c86-f37a-49e8-86a0-924d9b0c719e" TYPE="xfs"
/dev/sda2: UUID="4YLVja-jT6q-FphK-3E60-5Qde-Z3gw-zLpcYT" TYPE="LVM2_member"
/dev/sdb1: UUID="SBfuCJ-tli0-Mi2U-wO3w-eQub-0v36-0XkQBw" TYPE="LVM2_member"
/dev/sdc1: UUID="Z7K8RO-denr-cyn8-sCjb-9HMa-Pu3I-ciK3kt" TYPE="LVM2_member"
/dev/sr0: UUID="2017-09-06-10-51-00-00" LABEL="CentOS 7 x86_64" TYPE="iso9660" PTTYPE="dos"
/dev/mapper/centos-root: UUID="e3508edd-30c0-4e7d-9d8f-622c8dbd174e" TYPE="xfs"
擴容完成.