spring Gateway 和注冊中心整合環境搭建1

本博客主要是搭建一個gateway的demo，記錄了自己踩過的各種坑
項目目錄 ：

注冊中心如下

 

 網關后端訪問的應用

 

 網關

 

 

我們首先來看注冊中心的代碼

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>com.tuling.cloud</groupId>
  <artifactId>microservice-eureka-server</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>jar</packaging>

  <!-- 引入spring boot的依賴 -->
  <parent>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
    <version>1.5.9.RELEASE</version>
  </parent>

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <java.version>1.8</java.version>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
    </dependency>
        <!-- spring boot admin監控客戶端依賴 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>de.codecentric</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-admin-starter-client</artifactId>
      <version>1.5.6</version>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

  <!-- 引入spring cloud的依賴 -->
  <dependencyManagement>
    <dependencies>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
        <version>Edgware.RELEASE</version>
        <type>pom</type>
        <scope>import</scope>
      </dependency>
    </dependencies>
  </dependencyManagement>

  <!-- 添加spring-boot的maven插件 -->
  <build>
    <plugins>
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </build>
</project>

EurekaApplication

package com.tuling.cloud.study;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;

/**
 * 使用Eureka做服務發現.
 */
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaServer
public class EurekaApplication {
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    SpringApplication.run(EurekaApplication.class, args);
  }
}

application.yml

server:
  port: 8761                    # 指定該Eureka實例的端口
eureka:
  client:
    registerWithEureka: false
    fetchRegistry: false
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/

# 參考文檔：http://projects.spring.io/spring-cloud/docs/1.0.3/spring-cloud.html#_standalone_mode
# 參考文檔：http://my.oschina.net/buwei/blog/618756

接下來我們來看后端應用

pom文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>com.tuling.cloud</groupId>
  <artifactId>microservice-provider-user</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>jar</packaging>

  <!-- 引入spring boot的依賴 -->
  <parent>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
    <version>1.5.9.RELEASE</version>
  </parent>

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <java.version>1.8</java.version>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
      <artifactId>h2</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    
  </dependencies>

  <!-- 引入spring cloud的依賴 -->
  <dependencyManagement>
    <dependencies>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
        <version>Edgware.RELEASE</version>
        <type>pom</type>
        <scope>import</scope>
      </dependency>
    </dependencies>
  </dependencyManagement>

  <!-- 添加spring-boot的maven插件 -->
  <build>
    <plugins>
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </build>
</project>

schema.sql

drop table user if exists;
create table user (id bigint generated by default as identity, username varchar(40), name varchar(20), age int(3), balance decimal(10,2), primary key (id));

data.sql

insert into user (id, username, name, age, balance) values (1, 'account1', '張三', 20, 100.00);
insert into user (id, username, name, age, balance) values (2, 'account2', '李四', 28, 180.00);
insert into user (id, username, name, age, balance) values (3, 'account3', '王五', 32, 280.00);

application.yml

server:
  port: 8002
spring:
  application:
    name: microservice-provider-user
  jpa:
    generate-ddl: false
    show-sql: true
    hibernate:
      ddl-auto: none
  datasource:                           # 指定數據源
    platform: h2                        # 指定數據源類型
    schema: classpath:schema.sql        # 指定h2數據庫的建表腳本
    data: classpath:data.sql            # 指定h2數據庫的數據腳本
logging:                                # 配置日志級別，讓hibernate打印出執行的SQL
  level:
    root: INFO
    org.hibernate: INFO
    org.hibernate.type.descriptor.sql.BasicBinder: TRACE
    org.hibernate.type.descriptor.sql.BasicExtractor: TRACE
eureka:
  client:
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/
  instance:
    prefer-ip-address: true

UserRepository采用jpa的方式來訪問

package com.tuling.cloud.study.repository;

import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import com.tuling.cloud.study.entity.User;

@Repository
public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<User, Long> {
}

User

package com.tuling.cloud.study.entity;

import java.math.BigDecimal;

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;

@Entity
public class User {
  @Id
  @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
  private Long id;
  @Column
  private String username;
  @Column
  private String name;
  @Column
  private Integer age;
  @Column
  private BigDecimal balance;

  public Long getId() {
    return this.id;
  }

  public void setId(Long id) {
    this.id = id;
  }

  public String getUsername() {
    return this.username;
  }

  public void setUsername(String username) {
    this.username = username;
  }

  public String getName() {
    return this.name;
  }

  public void setName(String name) {
    this.name = name;
  }

  public Integer getAge() {
    return this.age;
  }

  public void setAge(Integer age) {
    this.age = age;
  }

  public BigDecimal getBalance() {
    return this.balance;
  }

  public void setBalance(BigDecimal balance) {
    this.balance = balance;
  }

}

UserController

package com.tuling.cloud.study.controller;

import java.util.Random;

import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.serviceregistry.Registration;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import com.tuling.cloud.study.entity.User;
import com.tuling.cloud.study.repository.UserRepository;

@RestController
public class UserController {
    
  private final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(getClass());
    
  @Autowired
  private UserRepository userRepository;
  @Autowired
  private Registration registration;
  

  @GetMapping("/{id}")
  public User findById(@PathVariable Long id) throws Exception {
      logger.info("用戶中心接口：查詢用戶"+ id +"信息");
      Thread.sleep(8000);
      User findOne = userRepository.findOne(id);
      System.out.println("usernana is :"+findOne.getName());
      return findOne;
  }
  
  @GetMapping("/getIpAndPort")
  public String findById() {
      return registration.getHost() + ":" + registration.getPort();
  }
  
  @RequestMapping(value = "/aa", method = RequestMethod.GET)
  public String  aa(){
      return "aaaaaaa";
  }
}

ProviderUserApplication

package com.tuling.cloud.study;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;

@EnableDiscoveryClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class ProviderUserApplication {
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    SpringApplication.run(ProviderUserApplication.class, args);
  }
}

應用啟動之后，我們可以通過下面的地址來訪問

 

 接下來網關的搭建，網關我們使用最新springboot 2.2.1版本

pom

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.weiyuan</groupId>
    <artifactId>com.weiyuan.gateway</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <!--父工程 -->
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.2.1.RELEASE</version>
    </parent>


    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>Hoxton.RELEASE</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>


</project>

這里需要特別的是：

注意此處不可添加spring-boot-starter-web的依賴，否則會報錯。gateway是用過webflux實現 ，和spring MVC有沖突(因此項目中包含shiro框架，不能包含HttpServletRequest,HttpServletResponse等)，如果想要使用shiro，建議將shiro單獨作為一個項目，整合eurake充當服務提供者，gateway項目中在自定義的filter中調用shiro服務，即根據cookie的值來判斷該強求是否能通過驗證。

其實現依賴Netty與WebFlux，不是傳統的Servlet編程模型，學習成本高
不能將其部署在Tomcat、 Jetty等Servlet容器里，只能打成jar包執行
需要Spring Boot 2.0及以上的版本，才支持

application.yml

spring:
  application:
    name: gateway-service
  cloud:        # spring cloud gateway 路由配置方式
    gateway:
      discovery:  #是否與服務發現組件進行結合，通過 serviceId(必須設置成大寫) 轉發到具體的服務實例。默認為false，設為true便開啟通過服務中心的自動根據 serviceId 創建路由的功能。
        locator:
          enabled: true     #路由訪問方式：http://Gateway_HOST:Gateway_PORT/大寫的serviceId/**，其中微服務應用名默認大寫訪問。
      routes:
      - id: 163                     #網關路由到網易官網
        uri: http://www.163.com/
        predicates:
          - Path=/163/**
      - id: ORDER-SERVICE           #網關路由到訂單服務order-service
        uri: lb://microservice-provider-user   #lb開頭是使用到了eurake，ws是用到了websocket
        predicates:
          - Path=/sc/**
        filters: # 過濾器,請求在傳遞過程中可以通過過濾器對其進行一定的修改
          - StripPrefix=1 # 轉發之前去掉1層路徑     
server:
  port: 5001

logging:
  level:
    org.springframework.cloud.gateway: trace
    org.springframework.http.server.reactive: debug
    org.springframework.web.reactive: debug
    reactor.ipc.netty: debug

eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/
feign:
  hystrix:
    enabled: true

  uri: lb://microservice-provider-user  這里microservice-provider-user是我們后端訪問的應用在注冊中心上的名字，必須是大寫，

predicates:
- Path=/sc/**

表示訪問的時候我們訪問的路徑上需要添加一個前綴sc，如果訪問的路徑不是以http://localhost:5001/sc/*開頭的路徑，就會被網關拒絕

filters: # 過濾器,請求在傳遞過程中可以通過過濾器對其進行一定的修改
- StripPrefix=1 # 轉發之前去掉1層路徑

表示在路由轉發之前要去掉1層路徑

如訪問http://localhost:5001/sc/a/1開頭的路徑，經過filter之后會轉發到/a/1這個后端微服務的路徑，將第一層/sc給去掉

ApiGatewayApplication

package com.itheima;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class ApiGatewayApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ApiGatewayApplication.class);
    }
}

接下來我們啟動網關：http://localhost:5001/sc/2就可以轉發后端的應用了