基於Python-Flask的權限管理4：加載菜單

一、前言

本文實現了根據不同用戶加載不同的菜單權限。

二、修改前端

前端登錄成功之后會加載菜單，發送了一個find_all_menu請求，該請求會根據用戶ID加載菜單，但是在項目組它並沒有傳id直接后端寫死了，所以我們要改下前端。

1.修改src\api\modules\menu.js的MENU_USER方法，使這個方法傳用戶id

 

 

 

2.修改src\store\modules\d2admin\modules\permission.js 使MENU_USERc傳入UUID

 

三、根據用戶顯示菜單

 1.菜單權限表ORM

from models.BaseModel import BaseModel
from db import db


class Menu(BaseModel):
    """
    菜單權限表
    """
    __tablename__ = "t_menu"
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True, comment="菜單ID")
    menu_name = db.Column(db.String(50), comment="菜單名稱")
    parent_id = db.Column(db.Integer, comment="父菜單ID")
    order_num = db.Column(db.Integer, comment="顯示順序")
    url = db.Column(db.String(200), comment="請求地址")
    menu_type = db.Column(db.Integer, default=1, comment="菜單類型（1,目錄 2,菜單 3,按鈕")
    visible = db.Column(db.Integer, default=1, comment="菜單狀態（1顯示 2隱藏）")
    perms = db.Column(db.String(100), comment="權限標識")
    icon = db.Column(db.String(100), comment="菜單圖標")
    is_frame = db.Column(db.Integer, default=2, comment="是否外鏈")
    route_name = db.Column(db.String(100), default="", comment="路由名稱")
    route_path = db.Column(db.String(100), default="", comment="路由地址")
    route_cache = db.Column(db.Integer, default=0, comment="路由緩存")
    route_component = db.Column(db.String(100), default="", comment="路由組件")

2.角色菜單關系表ORM

from db import db
from models.BaseModel import BaseModel


class Role_Menu(BaseModel):
    """
    角色菜單關聯表
    """
    __tablename__ = "t_role_menu"
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True, comment="ID")
    role_id = db.Column(db.Integer, comment="角色ID")
    menu_id = db.Column(db.Integer, comment="菜單ID")
    create_by = None
    created_at = None
    update_by = None
    updated_at = None
    remark = None

3.用戶角色關系表ORM

from db import db
from models.BaseModel import BaseModel


class User_Role(BaseModel):
    """
    用戶角色關聯表
    """
    __tablename__ = "t_user_role"
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True, comment="ID")
    user_id = db.Column(db.Integer, comment="用戶ID")
    role_id = db.Column(db.Integer, comment="角色ID")
    create_by = None
    created_at = None
    update_by = None
    updated_at = None
    remark = None

4.permission下新建menu.py，並在app.py注冊藍圖

from permission import *

menu = Blueprint('menu', __name__)

app.register_blueprint(menu.menu, url_prefix='/api/menu')

5.find_all_menu接口實現

@menu.route('/find_all_menu', methods=["POST"])
# @login_required
def find_all_menu():
    '''
    根據用戶id獲取菜單
    :return:
    '''
    res_dir = request.get_json()
    user_id = res_dir.get("uuid")
    data = constructMenuTrees(user_id=user_id)  # 獲取菜單樹
    return jsonify(code=Code.SUCCESS.value, msg="ok", data=data)

通過遞歸實現根據父ID查找子菜單,如果傳入用戶id則只查詢該用戶的權限否則查詢所有權限,一級菜單父id默認是0

def constructMenuTrees(parentId=0, user_id=None):
    '''
    通過遞歸實現根據父ID查找子菜單,如果傳入用戶id則只查詢該用戶的權限否則查詢所有權限,一級菜單父id默認是0
    1.根據父ID獲取該菜單下的子菜單或權限
    2.遍歷子菜單或權限，繼續向下獲取，直到最小級菜單或權限
    3.如果沒有遍歷到，返回空的數組，有返回權限列表
    :param user_id:
    :param parentId:
    :return:dict
    '''
    if user_id:
        menu_data = Menu.query.join(Role_Menu, Menu.id == Role_Menu.menu_id).join(User_Role,
                                                                                  User_Role.role_id == Role_Menu.role_id).filter(
            User_Role.user_id == user_id).filter(Menu.parent_id == parentId).order_by('order_num').all()
    else:
        menu_data = Menu.query.filter(Menu.parent_id == parentId).order_by('order_num').all()
    menu_dict = menu_to_dict(menu_data)
    if len(menu_dict) > 0:
        data = []
        for menu in menu_dict:
            menu['children_list'] = constructMenuTrees(menu['id'], user_id)
            data.append(menu)
        return data
    return []

查詢出來的數據是無序的，前端顯示不夠直白，這邊格式化一下

def menu_to_dict(result):
    '''
    格式化菜單字段顯示順序
    :param result:
    :return:
    '''
    data = []
    for menu in result:
        child = {
            "id": menu.id,
            "menu_name": menu.menu_name,
            "parent_id": menu.parent_id,
            "order_num": menu.order_num,
            "url": menu.url,
            "menu_type": menu.menu_type,
            "visible": menu.visible,
            "perms": menu.perms,
            "icon": menu.icon,
            "is_frame": menu.is_frame,
            "create_by": menu.create_by,
            "created_at": menu.created_at,
            "update_by": menu.update_by,
            "updated_at": menu.updated_at,
            "remark": menu.remark,
            "route_name": menu.route_name,
            "route_path": menu.route_path,
            "route_cache": menu.route_cache,
            "route_component": menu.route_component,
        }
        data.append(child)
    return data

 6.點擊登錄之后，成功顯示權限