確定系統版本
命令：cat /etc/centos-release
輸入：CentOS Linux release 7.4.1708 (Core)
安裝方式
- yum 安裝
- 編譯安裝(以后有時間介紹，不同的系統不同的版本，編譯安裝會有各種不同的問題)
yum 安裝方式介紹
CentOS 7 默認安裝了mariadb數據庫，但是我們要使用MySQL
- 進入本機的源文件目錄
cd /usr/local/src/
- 下載MySQL的repo源
wget http://repo.mysql.com/mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm
- 安裝MySQL源
rpm -ivh mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm
- 使用yum安裝mysql-server(這個過程可能要30分鍾左右)
yum -y install mysql-server
- 安裝完成
總下載量：208 M
Downloading packages:
Delta RPMs disabled because /usr/bin/applydeltarpm not installed.
(1/7): libaio-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64.rpm | 24 kB 00:00:00
(2/7): mysql-community-common-5.7.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 311 kB 00:00:04
(3/7): mysql-community-libs-5.7.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 2.5 MB 00:01:39
(4/7): mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 1.3 MB 00:00:44
(5/7): postfix-2.10.1-7.el7.x86_64.rpm | 2.4 MB 00:00:00
(6/7): mysql-community-client-5.7.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 26 MB 00:09:19
(7/7): mysql-community-server-5.7.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 175 MB 00:28:37
已安裝:
mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.7.29-1.el7
mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_64 0:5.7.29-1.el7
mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.7.29-1.el7
作為依賴被安裝:
libaio.x86_64 0:0.3.109-13.el7
mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.7.29-1.el7
mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.7.29-1.el7
作為依賴被升級:
postfix.x86_64 2:2.10.1-7.el7
替代:
mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7
完畢！
數據庫配置
- 啟動MySQL：
systemctl start mysqld.service - 查看MySQL狀態：
systemctl status mysqld.service
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since 日 2020-03-29 01:28:50 CST; 16s ago
- 查找數據庫root用戶的 臨時密碼：
grep "password" /var/log/mysqld.log
2020-03-28T17:28:47.341327Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: :8#I;as5F/yw
- 使用臨時密碼進入數據庫：
mysql -uroot -p - 如果不修改密碼，會有如下報錯
mysql> show databases;
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
- 修改密碼，如果密碼太簡單，會有如下報錯
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123';
ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements
- 調整密碼后：
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'Limm123!!';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
- 配置訪問權限
mysql> update mysql.user set host='%' where host='localhost';
Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 3 Changed: 3 Warnings: 0
- 刷新權限(重要 ！！！)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
- Done ！！！
MySQL 操作命令
- 啟動:
systemctl start mysqld.service - 重啟:
systemctl restart mysqld.service - 停止:
systemctl stop mysqld.service - 狀態:
systemctl status mysqld.service - 設置MySQL開機啟動:
systemctl enable mysqld.service - 停止MySQL開機啟動:
systemctl disable mysqld.service
常見問題
- MySQL開啟外網訪問權限后還是無法訪問
如果是阿里雲服務器，找到對應實例的安全組 > 配置規則 > 添加安全組規則：如下圖
