Java工具類HttpClientUtil

1. 依賴包

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
    <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
    <version>4.4.1</version>
</dependency>

2. 代碼

import org.apache.http.*;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpRequestRetryHandler;
import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.client.protocol.HttpClientContext;
import org.apache.http.client.utils.URIBuilder;
import org.apache.http.config.Registry;
import org.apache.http.config.RegistryBuilder;
import org.apache.http.conn.routing.HttpRoute;
import org.apache.http.conn.socket.ConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.conn.socket.LayeredConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.conn.socket.PlainConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.entity.ContentType;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

import javax.net.ssl.SSLException;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InterruptedIOException;
import java.net.URI;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

public class HttpClientUtil {

    // org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient
    private static CloseableHttpClient httpclient = null;

    // 這里就直接默認固定了,因為以下三個參數在新建的method中仍然可以重新配置並被覆蓋.
    static final int connectionRequestTimeout = 5000;// ms毫秒,從池中獲取鏈接超時時間
    static final int connectTimeout = 5000;// ms毫秒,建立鏈接超時時間
    static final int socketTimeout = 30000;// ms毫秒,讀取超時時間

    // 總配置,主要涉及是以下兩個參數,如果要作調整沒有用到properties會比較后麻煩,但鑒於一經粘貼,隨處可用的特點,就不再做依賴性配置化處理了.
    // 而且這個參數同一家公司基本不會變動.
    static final int maxTotal = 500;// 最大總並發,很重要的參數
    static final int maxPerRoute = 100;// 每路並發,很重要的參數

    // 正常情況這里應該配成MAP或LIST
    // 細化配置參數,用來對每路參數做精細化處理,可以管控各ip的流量,比如默認配置請求baidu:80端口最大100個並發鏈接,
    static final String detailHostName = "http://www.baidu.com";// 每個細化配置之ip(不重要,在特殊場景很有用)
    static final int detailPort = 80;// 每個細化配置之port(不重要,在特殊場景很有用)
    static final int detailMaxPerRoute = 100;// 每個細化配置之最大並發數(不重要,在特殊場景很有用)

    private static CloseableHttpClient getHttpClient() {
        if (null == httpclient) {
            synchronized (HttpClientUtil.class) {
                if (null == httpclient) {
                    httpclient = init();
                }
            }
        }
        return httpclient;
    }

    /**
     * 鏈接池初始化 這里最重要的一點理解就是. 讓CloseableHttpClient 一直活在池的世界里, 但是HttpPost卻一直用完就消掉.
     * 這樣可以讓鏈接一直保持着.
     */
    private static CloseableHttpClient init() {
        CloseableHttpClient newHttpclient;

        // 設置連接池
        ConnectionSocketFactory plainsf = PlainConnectionSocketFactory.getSocketFactory();
        LayeredConnectionSocketFactory sslsf = SSLConnectionSocketFactory.getSocketFactory();
        Registry<ConnectionSocketFactory> registry = RegistryBuilder.<ConnectionSocketFactory>create().register("http", plainsf).register("https", sslsf).build();
        PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager cm = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager(registry);
        // 將最大連接數增加
        cm.setMaxTotal(maxTotal);
        // 將每個路由基礎的連接增加
        cm.setDefaultMaxPerRoute(maxPerRoute);

        // 細化配置開始,其實這里用Map或List的for循環來配置每個鏈接,在特殊場景很有用.
        // 將每個路由基礎的連接做特殊化配置,一般用不着
        HttpHost httpHost = new HttpHost(detailHostName, detailPort);
        // 將目標主機的最大連接數增加
        cm.setMaxPerRoute(new HttpRoute(httpHost), detailMaxPerRoute);
        // 細化配置結束

        // 請求重試處理
        HttpRequestRetryHandler httpRequestRetryHandler = (exception, executionCount, context) -> {
            if (executionCount >= 2) {// 如果已經重試了2次，就放棄
                return false;
            }
            if (exception instanceof NoHttpResponseException) {// 如果服務器丟掉了連接，那么就重試
                return true;
            }
            if (exception instanceof SSLHandshakeException) {// 不要重試SSL握手異常
                return false;
            }
            if (exception instanceof InterruptedIOException) {// 超時
                return false;
            }
            if (exception instanceof UnknownHostException) {// 目標服務器不可達
                return false;
            }
            if (exception instanceof SSLException) {// SSL握手異常
                return false;
            }

            HttpClientContext clientContext = HttpClientContext.adapt(context);
            HttpRequest request = clientContext.getRequest();
            // 如果請求是冪等的，就再次嘗試
            return !(request instanceof HttpEntityEnclosingRequest);
        };

        // 配置請求的超時設置
        RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setConnectionRequestTimeout(connectionRequestTimeout).setConnectTimeout(connectTimeout).setSocketTimeout(socketTimeout).build();
        newHttpclient = HttpClients.custom().setConnectionManager(cm).setDefaultRequestConfig(requestConfig).setRetryHandler(httpRequestRetryHandler).build();
        return newHttpclient;
    }

    public static String doGet(String url, Map<String, String> param) {

        // 創建Httpclient對象
        CloseableHttpClient httpclient = getHttpClient();

        String resultString = "";
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
        try {
            // 創建uri
            URIBuilder builder = new URIBuilder(url);
            if (param != null) {
                for (String key : param.keySet()) {
                    builder.addParameter(key, param.get(key));
                }
            }
            URI uri = builder.build();

            // 創建http GET請求
            HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(uri);

            // 執行請求
            response = httpclient.execute(httpGet);
            // 判斷返回狀態是否為200
            if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
                resultString = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "UTF-8");
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try {
                if (response != null) {
                    response.close();
                }
                httpclient.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        return resultString;
    }

    public static String doGet(String url) {
        return doGet(url, null);
    }

    public static String doPost(String url, Map<String, String> param) {
        // 創建Httpclient對象
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = getHttpClient();
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
        String resultString = "";
        try {
            // 創建Http Post請求
            HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
            // 創建參數列表
            if (param != null) {
                List<NameValuePair> paramList = new ArrayList<>();
                for (String key : param.keySet()) {
                    paramList.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key, param.get(key)));
                }
                // 模擬表單
                UrlEncodedFormEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(paramList, "utf-8");
                httpPost.setEntity(entity);
            }
            // 執行http請求
            response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
            resultString = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "utf-8");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try {
                response.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        return resultString;
    }

    public static String doPost(String url) {
        return doPost(url, null);
    }

    public static String doPostJson(String url, String json) {
        // 創建Httpclient對象
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = getHttpClient();
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
        String resultString = "";
        try {
            // 創建Http Post請求
            HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
            // 創建請求內容
            StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(json, ContentType.APPLICATION_JSON);
            httpPost.setEntity(entity);
            // 執行http請求
            response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
            resultString = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "utf-8");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try {
                response.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        return resultString;
    }
}