思路:一般的思路可以通過RMAN進行數據的恢復。由於數據庫可以停機，因此，這次試用數據泵(expdp，impdp)進行數據
的導入導出。
1.源數據庫導出
通過編寫導出shell腳本導出數據，如下:
expdp_mangedb_full.sh的腳本:
[oracle@arprac02 scripts]$ cat expdp_mangedb_full.sh
#!/bin/bash
source ~/.bash_profile
export ORACLE_SID=managedb2
export DATE=$(date +%Y%m%d%H)
expdp system/oracle directory=expbk logfile=managedb76_full_$DATE.log dumpfile=managedb76_full_$DATE.dmp full=y
expdp_servdb_full.sh的腳本:
[oracle@arprac02 scripts]$ cat expdp_servdb_full.sh
#!/bin/bash
source ~/.bash_profile
export ORACLE_SID=servdb2
export DATE=$(date +%Y%m%d%H)
expdp system/oracle directory=expbk logfile=servdb76_full_$DATE.log dumpfile=servdb76_full_$DATE.dmp full=y
以上，導出多實例的全庫數據。
2.數據導入
確定導入指定的數據庫實例，這里實踐的是servdb數據庫實例.全庫的導入:它會導入表空間的建表過程，建立用戶的過程，建立角色，建立同義詞，建立表，視圖，存儲過程，dblink，job等等所有該有的東西。所以，如果導入過程中有報錯，可以分析問題，逐一解決。
賦權建立導入導出備份目錄
[oracle@db u01]$ mkdir dmpbackup
數據庫中，賦權目錄
export ORACLE_SID=servdb
SQL> select INSTANCE_NAME from v$instance;
SQL> create directory expbk as '/u01/dmpbackup';
SQL> grant read,write on directory expbk to system;
導入的dmp文件權限放開
[root@db ~]# chmod -R 777 /u01/dmpbackup/servdb76_full_2020031115.dmp
導入數據
export ORACLE_SID=servdb
impdp system/oracle directory=expbk dumpfile=servdb76_full_2020031322.dmp logfile=servdb76_full_20200313.log EXCLUDE=SCHEMA:\"IN \(\'SYSMAN\', \'SYSTEM\'\)\" EXCLUDE=STATISTICS
這里會有一個報錯，log如下:
Failing sql is:
CREATE UNDO TABLESPACE "UNDOTBS2" DATAFILE '+DATA/servdb/datafile/undotbs2.280.826877779' SIZE 209715200 AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 5242880 MAXSIZE 32767M BLOCKSIZE 8192 EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL AUTOALLOCATE
ORA-31684: Object type TABLESPACE:"USERS" already exists
ORA-39083: Object type TABLESPACE failed to create with error:
ORA-01276: Cannot add file +DATA/servdb/datafile/no1task.329.827069307. File has an Oracle Managed Files file name.
Failing sql is:
CREATE TABLESPACE "NO1TASK" DATAFILE '+DATA/servdb/datafile/no1task.329.827069307' SIZE 4194304000 AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 268435456 MAXSIZE 32767M,'+DATA/servdb/datafile/no1task.6801.910947551' SIZE 32212254720 AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 536870912
MAXSIZE 32767M LOGGING ONLINE PERMANENT BLOCKSIZE 8192 EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL
ORA-39083: Object type TABLESPACE failed to create with error:
ORA-01276: Cannot add file +DATA/servdb/datafile/mobileapp.397.827404615. File has an Oracle Managed Files file name.
Failing sql is:
CREATE TABLESPACE "MOBILEAPP" DATAFILE '+DATA/servdb/datafile/mobileapp.397.827404615' SIZE 1048576000 AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 134217728 MAXSIZE 32767M LOGGING ONLINE PERMANENT BLOCKSIZE 8192 EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL AUTOALLOCATE SEGMENT SPAC
E MANAGEMENT AUTO
ORA-39083: Object type TABLESPACE failed to create with error:
ORA-01276: Cannot add file +DATA/servdb/datafile/otf_platform.3693.842997461. File has an Oracle Managed Files file name.
Failing sql is:
CREATE TABLESPACE "OTF_PLATFORM" DATAFILE '+DATA/servdb/datafile/otf_platform.3693.842997461' SIZE 2097152000 AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 134217728 MAXSIZE 32767M LOGGING ONLINE PERMANENT BLOCKSIZE 8192 EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL AUTOALLOCATE SEGME
NT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO
ORA-39083: Object type TABLESPACE failed to create with error:
ORA-01276: Cannot add file +DATA/servdb/datafile/ds_model.32447.845631431. File has an Oracle Managed Files file name.
Failing sql is:
CREATE TABLESPACE "DS_MODEL" DATAFILE '+DATA/servdb/datafile/ds_model.32447.845631431' SIZE 2097152000 AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 134217728 MAXSIZE 32767M LOGGING ONLINE PERMANENT BLOCKSIZE 8192 EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL AUTOALLOCATE SEGMENT SPAC
E MANAGEMENT AUTO
ORA-39083: Object type TABLESPACE failed to create with error:
ORA-01276: Cannot add file +DATA/servdb/datafile/otfys_platform.385.878320405. File has an Oracle Managed Files file name.
Failing sql is:
CREATE TABLESPACE "OTFYS_PLATFORM" DATAFILE '+DATA/servdb/datafile/otfys_platform.385.878320405' SIZE 2097152000 AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 67108864 MAXSIZE 32767M LOGGING ONLINE PERMANENT BLOCKSIZE 8192 EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL AUTOALLOCATE SEG
MENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO
ORA-39083: Object type TABLESPACE failed to create with error:
ORA-01276: Cannot add file +DATA/servdb/datafile/otfys_platform135.61091.1032087535. File has an Oracle Managed Files file name.
Failing sql is:
CREATE TABLESPACE "OTFYS_PLATFORM135" DATAFILE '+DATA/servdb/datafile/otfys_platform135.61091.1032087535' SIZE 67108864 AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 33554432 MAXSIZE 10240M LOGGING ONLINE PERMANENT BLOCKSIZE 8192 EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL AUTOALLOC
ATE SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO
解決思路:手動建立表空間，[這里有一個細節，最后名字要一樣，表空間必須保證足夠大，要不然還會報錯]
CREATE UNDO TABLESPACE "UNDOTBS2" DATAFILE '/u01/app/oradata/servdb/undotbs2.280.826877779' SIZE 209715200 AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 5242880 MAXSIZE 32767M;
CREATE TABLESPACE "NO1TASK" DATAFILE '/u01/app/oradata/servdb/no1task.329.827069307' SIZE 2048M AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 268435456 MAXSIZE 32767M,'/u01/app/oradata/servdb/no1task.6801.910947551' SIZE 2048M AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 536870912 MAXSIZE 32767M;
CREATE TABLESPACE "MOBILEAPP" DATAFILE '/u01/app/oradata/servdb/mobileapp.397.827404615' SIZE 1024M AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 128M MAXSIZE 32767M;
CREATE TABLESPACE "OTF_PLATFORM" DATAFILE '/u01/app/oradata/servdb/otf_platform.3693.842997461' SIZE 2048M AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 128M MAXSIZE 32767M;
CREATE TABLESPACE "DS_MODEL" DATAFILE '/u01/app/oradata/servdb/ds_model.32447.845631431' SIZE 2097152000 AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 134217728 MAXSIZE 32767M;
CREATE TABLESPACE "OTFYS_PLATFORM" DATAFILE '/u01/app/oradata/servdb/otfys_platform.385.878320405' SIZE 2097152000 AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 67108864 MAXSIZE 32767M;
CREATE TABLESPACE "OTFYS_PLATFORM135" DATAFILE '/u01/app/oradata/servdb/otfys_platform135.61091.1032087535' SIZE 67108864 AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 33554432 MAXSIZE 10240M;
這里，不記敘重復性的事情。后面由於三個示例，需要修改一下歸檔日志的位置。
三個數據庫實例，
servdb實例的位置為【/u01/app/arch/servdb】
managedb實例的位置為【/u01/app/arch/managedb】
irc3db實例的位置為【/u01/app/arch/irc3db】
mkdir -p /u01/app/arch/servdb
mkdir -p /u01/app/arch/managedb
mkdir -p /u01/app/arch/irc3db
export ORACLE_SID=servdb
$ sqlplus "/as sysdba"
SQL>alter system set log_archive_dest_1='location=/u01/app/arch/servdb' scope =both;
export ORACLE_SID=managedb
$ sqlplus "/as sysdba"
SQL>alter system set log_archive_dest_1='location=/u01/app/arch/managedb' scope =both;
重新開啟歸檔模式
shutdown immediate;
startup mount;
alter database archivelog;
alter database open;