CentOS7安裝vncserver（啟動失敗及連接黑屏解決辦法）

轉載weixin_34167043 最后發布於2017-11-09 15:11:00 閱讀數 42  收藏

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一.安裝

以root用戶運行以下命令來安裝vncserver;

yum install tigervnc-server 

同樣運行以下命令來安裝vncviewer;

yum install vnc

停止並禁用防火牆；

1.  
   systemctl stop firewalld.service
2.  
   systemctl disable firewalld.service

二.配置

vncviewer基本上不用配置；
vncserver的配置，創建一個新的配置文件，以開啟1號窗口為例（也可以同時開啟多個窗口，修改數字即可），方法如下：

cp /lib/systemd/system/vncserver@.service /lib/systemd/system/vncserver@:1.service

或者再增加一個窗口：

cp /lib/systemd/system/vncserver@.service /lib/systemd/system/vncserver@:2.service

編輯/lib/systemd/system/vncserver@:1.service,設置用戶root相關參數,最終內容如下：

1.  
   [Unit]
2.  
   Description=Remote desktop service (VNC)
3.  
   After=syslog.target network.target
4.  
   [Service]
5.  
   Type=forking
6.  
   #Clean any existing files in /tmp/.X11-unix environment
7.  
   ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c '/usr/bin/vncserver -kill %i > /dev/null 2>&1 || :'
8.  
   ExecStart=/sbin/runuser -l root -c "/usr/bin/vncserver %i"
9.  
   PIDFile=/root/.vnc/%H%i.pid
10.  
    ExecStop=/bin/sh -c '/usr/bin/vncserver -kill %i > /dev/null 2>&1 || :'

1.設置為非root用戶報錯：

1.  
   [root@localhost system] # systemctl status -l vncserver@:2.service
2.  
   vncserver@ :2.service - Remote desktop service (VNC)
3.  
   Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/vncserver@:2.service; enabled; vendor preset:
4.  
   disabled)
5.  
   Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since 一 2016-04-25 19:07:23 CST; 7s ago
6.  
   Process: 10305 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/runuser -l fang -c /usr/bin/vncserver %i (code=exited,
7.  
   status= 1/FAILURE)
8.  
   Process: 10291 ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c /usr/bin/vncserver -kill %i > /dev/null 2>&1 || :
9.  
   (code=exited, status= 0/SUCCESS)
10.  
    
 4月 25 19:07:23 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting Remote desktop service (VNC)...
11.  
    4月 25 19:07:23 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: vncserver@:2.service: control process
12.  
    exited, code=exited status= 1
13.  
    4月 25 19:07:23 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Failed to start Remote desktop service
14.  
    (VNC).
15.  
    4月 25 19:07:23 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Unit vncserver@:2.service entered failed
16.  
    state.
17.  
    4月 25 19:07:23 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: vncserver@:2.service failed.

2.Type=forking報錯，改為Type=simple

1.  
   [root@localhost system] # systemctl start vncserver@:2.service
2.  
   Job for vncserver@:2.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See
3.  
   "systemctl status vncserver@:2.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.
4.  
   [root@localhost system] # systemctl status -l vncserver@:2.service
5.  
   ● vncserver@ :2.service - Remote desktop service (VNC)
6.  
   Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/vncserver@:2.service; enabled; vendor preset:
7.  
   disabled)
8.  
   Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since 一 2016-04-25 19:09:41 CST; 6s ago
9.  
   Process: 12367 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/runuser -l root -c /usr/bin/vncserver %i (code=exited,
10.  
    status= 98)
11.  
    Process: 12354 ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c /usr/bin/vncserver -kill %i > /dev/null 2>&1 || :
12.  
    (code=exited, status= 0/SUCCESS)
13.  
    
 4月 25 19:09:41 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting Remote desktop service (VNC)...
14.  
    4月 25 19:09:41 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: vncserver@:2.service: control process
15.  
    exited, code=exited status= 98
16.  
    4月 25 19:09:41 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Failed to start Remote desktop service
17.  
    (VNC).
18.  
    4月 25 19:09:41 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Unit vncserver@:2.service entered failed
19.  
    state.
20.  
    4月 25 19:09:41 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: vncserver@:2.service failed.

3.vnc viewer客戶端連接黑屏

改變xstartup的權限
這個問題是很多人容易忽視的問題，也是造成連接成功后黑屏的原因之一。
在CentOS中，xstartup的文件路徑為：/root/.vnc/ （可以通過locate xstartup來查看xstartup的文件路徑）
所以需要執行：chmod 777 /root/.vnc/xstartup