一、緣 起
最近學習【悠悠課堂】的接口自動化教程，文中提到Requests發送帶cookies請求的方法，筆者隨之也將其用於手頭實際項目中，大致如下
二、背 景
實際需求是監控平台側下發消息有無異常，如有異常便觸發報警推送郵件，項目中下發消息接口需要帶cookies
三、說 明
腳本的工程名為ynJxhdSendMsg，大致結構如下圖
- sendMsg.py為主程序，函數checkMsg為在已發消息列表中查找已下發消息，函數sendMsg為發消息並根據結果返回對應的標識
- sendAlertEmail.py為發送郵件程序，在sendMsg.py中根據不同標識調用sendAlertEmail.py下的send_alert_email函數發報警郵件
四、實 現
- 【重點】發請求之前先加載cookies，方法如下
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# 加載cookies
# 第一步，引入RequestsCookieJar()
coo = requests.cookies.RequestsCookieJar()
# 第二步，設置cookies參數，coo.set('key', 'value')
coo.set('__utma', '82342229.1946326147.***.1545556722.1545556733.4')
coo.set('JSESSIONID', 'D898010550***ADB0600BF31FF')
# 第三步，引入seeeion()，並update
sess = requests.session()
sess.cookies.update(coo)
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......
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- sendMsg.py
- 發送帶當前時間戳的特定消息，在發送成功后便於通過時間戳檢索
- 函數checkMsg為在已發消息列表中查找已下發消息
- 函數sendMsg為發消息並根據結果返回對應的標識
- 導入sendAlertEmail模塊的send_alert_email方法，在sendMsg.py中根據不同標識調用send_alert_email函數發報警郵件
#!/usr/bin/python
# coding=utf-8
# author: 葛木瓜
# 2018.12.20
import requests
import time
import re
import sys
sys.path.append('./')
from sendAlertEmail import send_alert_email
now = time.strftime('%Y.%m.%d %H:%M:%S') # 獲取當前時間
sendMsg_url = 'http://*.*.*.*/interactive/sendMessage.action'
msgList_url = 'http://*.*.*.*/interactive/sendedMessageList.action'
headers = {
'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64; rv:56.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/56.0',
'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
}
payload = {
'showFlag': '0',
'type': '1',
'fsnl': 'on',
'receiversId_': '63110542',
'receiveName': '9705家長;',
'content': 'Test msg sending,time ' + now,
'templateType': '1',
'addTeachername': '0',
'isGreed': '0',
'send': '1',
'startDayTime': '2018-12-20',
'hourss': '22',
'munit': '29',
'selectRole': '2',
'receiversIds': '63110542',
'templateFlag': '0'
}
# 加載cookies
coo = requests.cookies.RequestsCookieJar()
coo.set('__utma', '82342229.1946326147.***.1545556722.1545556733.4')
coo.set('JSESSIONID', 'D898010550***ADB0600BF31FF')
sess = requests.session()
sess.cookies.update(coo)
def checkMsg():
"""
在已發送短信列表檢查已發送短信
:return:
"""
i = 1
while True:
try:
cm_resp = sess.get(msgList_url, headers=headers, allow_redirects=False)
except Exception as e:
return str(e)
else:
time.sleep(1)
cm_key = re.findall('Test msg sending,time33 ' + now, cm_resp.text)
i += 1
if i <= 30:
if len(cm_key):
break
else:
cm_key = ['More than 30 times,no result']
break
print('Request %d times' % i)
return cm_key
def sendMsg():
"""
send message
:return:
"""
try:
resp = sess.post(sendMsg_url, headers=headers, data=payload, allow_redirects=False)
except Exception as e:
return str(e)
else:
if resp.status_code == 200:
key = re.findall('通知發送已成功', resp.text)
cm_key = checkMsg()
# print(key, cm_key)
if len(key) and len(cm_key):
if cm_key[0] == 'Test msg sending,time ' + now:
return 200
elif cm_key[0] == 'More than 30 times,no result':
return 'More than 30 times,no result'
else:
# print('Check Msg connect fail:' + str(cm_key))
return 'Check Msg connect fail: ' + cm_key
elif resp.status_code == 302:
return 302
else:
return resp.status_code
if __name__ == '__main__':
receiver = ['**@***.com'] # 收件人郵件列表
status = sendMsg()
print(status)
if status == 200:
alert_content = "normal"
print('Test Success!')
elif status == 'More than 30 times,no result':
alert_content = "短信已發送，查詢已發狀態失敗！"
elif 'Check Msg connect fail:' in str(status):
alert_content = "短信已發送，無法查詢已發狀態，報錯信息：%s" % status.split(':')[-1]
elif status == 302:
alert_content = "Session失效，請重新獲取'JSESSIONID'！"
else:
alert_content = "短信下發失敗，報錯信息：%s" % status
if alert_content != "normal":
send_alert_email(receiver, alert_content)
- sendAlertEmail.py，方法較常見，此處略
五、最 后
完成以上，將腳本放在jenkins上定時構建，即可實現實時監控平台側消息下發情況並及時反饋報警郵件的需求
OK！
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不積跬步，無以至千里