前面簡單講解了WM8960語音芯片工作方式,WM8960做master,之前參數配置ADC/DAC采樣速率的是44.1K,有點問題,現在改為16K,下面會解釋為什么要改成16K。
WM8960參數配置如下:注意錄音時關掉內部路徑,否則會有雜音。
#ifdef ALOOPBACK //先關掉內部路徑播放 0x2d,0x080, //Left Input Boost Mixer to Left Output Mixer 0x2e,0x080, //Right Input Boost Mixer to Right Output Mixer #endif

//WM8960 slave mode // MCLK = 24MHz, SYSCLK = 12.288MHz, // PLL mode is fractional, MCLK div 2 const u16 wm8960_reg_master[]= { 0x0f,0x000, 0x19,0x17e, 0x1a,0x1e1, 0x2f,0x03c, 0x34,0x038, 0x35,0x031, 0x36,0x026, 0x37,0x0e6, 0x04,0x0dd, //ADC/DAC 采樣速率12.288/(3*256) = 16KHz 0x08,0x00c, 0x20,0x138, 0x21,0x138, 0x2b,0x000, 0x2c,0x000, 0x00,0x157, 0x01,0x157, 0x05,0x000, 0x06,0x000, 0x07,0x042, //bit6=1, Enable master mode; bit[1:0]=10,I2S Format;bit[3:2]=00,16 bits 0x18,0x004, 0x30,0x000, 0x02,0x163,//179,// //LOUT1 Volume 0x03,0x163,//0x179,//ROUT1 Volume #ifdef DLOOPBACK //不開LOOPBACK 0x09,0x001, #endif 0x22,0x100, //Enable Left DAC to Left Output Mixer 0x25,0x100, //Enable Right DAC to Right Output Mixer #ifdef ALOOPBACK //先關掉內部路徑播放 0x2d,0x080, //Left Input Boost Mixer to Left Output Mixer 0x2e,0x080, //Right Input Boost Mixer to Right Output Mixer #endif };
調用I2C函數進行初始化:

uint8_t WM8960_Set_Play_Recorde_Reg(void) { uint8_t i = 0; uint8_t res = 0; res = WM8960_Write_Reg((uint8_t)wm8960_reg_master[0], wm8960_reg_master[1]); if(res != 0) { return res; } Delay_ms(10); for(i=2; i<(sizeof(wm8960_reg_master)/sizeof(u16)); i+=2) { res = WM8960_Write_Reg((uint8_t)wm8960_reg_master[i],wm8960_reg_master[i+1]); } return 0; }
I2C發送函數,使用的是IO模擬:

void W8960_IIC_Init(void) { RCC->AHB1ENR|=1<<1; //使能PORTB時鍾 GPIO_Set(GPIOB,PIN6|PIN7,GPIO_MODE_OUT,GPIO_OTYPE_PP,GPIO_SPEED_50M,GPIO_PUPD_PU);//PB10/PB11設置 W8960_IIC_SCL=1; W8960_IIC_SDA=1; // GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure; // RCC_AHB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_AHB1Periph_GPIOB, ENABLE); /* 打開GPIO時鍾 */ // GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_6 | GPIO_Pin_7; // GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz; // GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_OUT; // GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_OType = GPIO_OType_OD; /* 開漏輸出 */ // GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_PuPd = GPIO_PuPd_NOPULL; // GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure); W8960_IIC_Stop(); } //產生IIC起始信號 void W8960_IIC_Start(void) { W8960_SDA_OUT(); //sda線輸出 W8960_IIC_SDA=1; W8960_IIC_SCL=1; Delay_us(8); W8960_IIC_SDA=0;//START:when CLK is high,DATA change form high to low Delay_us(8); W8960_IIC_SCL=0;//鉗住I2C總線,准備發送或接收數據 } //產生IIC停止信號 void W8960_IIC_Stop(void) { W8960_SDA_OUT();//sda線輸出 W8960_IIC_SCL=0; W8960_IIC_SDA=0;//STOP:when CLK is high DATA change form low to high Delay_us(4); W8960_IIC_SCL=1; Delay_us(4); W8960_IIC_SDA=1;//發送I2C總線結束信號 Delay_us(4); } //等待應答信號到來 //返回值:1,接收應答失敗 // 0,接收應答成功 uint8_t W8960_IIC_Wait_Ack(void) { uint8_t ucErrTime=0; W8960_SDA_IN(); //SDA設置為輸入 W8960_IIC_SDA=1;Delay_us(5); W8960_IIC_SCL=1;Delay_us(5); while(W8960_READ_SDA) { ucErrTime++; if(ucErrTime>250) { W8960_IIC_Stop(); return 1; } } W8960_IIC_SCL=0;//時鍾輸出0 return 0; } //產生ACK應答 void W8960_IIC_Ack(void) { W8960_IIC_SCL=0; W8960_SDA_OUT(); W8960_IIC_SDA=0; Delay_us(4); W8960_IIC_SCL=1; Delay_us(4); W8960_IIC_SCL=0; } //不產生ACK應答 void W8960_IIC_NAck(void) { W8960_IIC_SCL=0; W8960_SDA_OUT(); W8960_IIC_SDA=1; Delay_us(2); W8960_IIC_SCL=1; Delay_us(2); W8960_IIC_SCL=0; } //IIC發送一個字節 //返回從機有無應答 //1,有應答 //0,無應答 void W8960_IIC_Send_Byte(uint8_t txd) { uint8_t t; W8960_SDA_OUT(); W8960_IIC_SCL=0;//拉低時鍾開始數據傳輸 Delay_us(1); //發送前7bit,SCL下跳后1us才輸出新SDA for(t=0;t<7;t++) { W8960_IIC_SDA=(txd&0x80)>>7; txd<<=1; Delay_us(4); // W8960_IIC_SCL=1; Delay_us(5); W8960_IIC_SCL=0; Delay_us(1); } //發送最后1bit,SCL下跳后無任何延時,后直接進入waitAck (SDA變輸入,防止短暫SDA互斥) W8960_IIC_SDA=(txd&0x80)>>7; Delay_us(5); // W8960_IIC_SCL=1; Delay_us(5); W8960_IIC_SCL=0; } void W8960_I2C_WriteByte(uint8_t DevAddr, uint8_t DataAddr, uint8_t DataToWrite) { W8960_IIC_Start(); //Master發送起始信號 W8960_IIC_Send_Byte(DevAddr); //Master發送從設備地址 W8960_IIC_Wait_Ack(); // if(I2C_Wait_ACK()) return I2C_TIMEOUT;//等待ACK超時錯誤 W8960_IIC_Send_Byte(DataAddr); //發送數據地址 W8960_IIC_Wait_Ack(); // if(I2C_Wait_ACK()) return I2C_TIMEOUT;//等待ACK超時錯誤 W8960_IIC_Send_Byte(DataToWrite); W8960_IIC_Wait_Ack(); Delay_us(10); W8960_IIC_Stop(); //發送停止信號 Delay_us(10); } void W8960_I2C_WriteBurst(uint8_t DevAddr, uint8_t DataAddr, uint8_t* pData, uint32_t Num) { uint32_t i = 0; W8960_IIC_Start(); //Master發送起始信號 W8960_IIC_Send_Byte(DevAddr); //Master發送從設備地址 W8960_IIC_Wait_Ack(); W8960_IIC_Send_Byte(DataAddr); //發送數據地址 W8960_IIC_Wait_Ack(); for(i = 0; i < Num; i++) { W8960_IIC_Send_Byte(*(pData+i)); //發送數據 W8960_IIC_Wait_Ack(); } W8960_IIC_Stop(); //發送停止信號 Delay_ms(1); } //讀1個字節,ack=1時,發送ACK,ack=0,發送nACK uint8_t W8960_I2C_Read8bit(uint8_t ack) { unsigned char i,receive=0; W8960_SDA_IN();//SDA設置為輸入 for(i=0;i<8;i++ ) { W8960_IIC_SCL=0; Delay_us(4); W8960_IIC_SCL=1; receive<<=1; if(W8960_READ_SDA)receive++; Delay_us(4); } if (!ack) W8960_IIC_NAck();//發送nACK else W8960_IIC_Ack(); //發送ACK return receive; } void W8960_I2C_ReadBurst(uint8_t DevAddr, uint16_t DataAddr, uint8_t* pData, uint32_t Num) { uint32_t i = 0; W8960_IIC_Start(); //Master發送起始信號 W8960_IIC_Send_Byte(DevAddr); //Master發送從設備地址 W8960_IIC_Wait_Ack(); // W8960_IIC_Send_Byte(DataAddr>>8); //發送數據地址 // W8960_IIC_Wait_Ack(); W8960_IIC_Send_Byte(DataAddr); //發送數據地址 W8960_IIC_Wait_Ack(); W8960_IIC_Stop(); Delay_us(10); W8960_IIC_Start(); //Master發送起始信號 W8960_IIC_Send_Byte(DevAddr+1); //Master發送從設備讀地址 W8960_IIC_Wait_Ack(); for(i = 0; i < (Num-1); i++) { *(pData+i) = W8960_I2C_Read8bit(1); //讀數據,ACK } *(pData+i) = W8960_I2C_Read8bit(0); //讀數據,NACK W8960_IIC_Stop(); //發送停止信號 } uint8_t WM8960_Write_Reg(uint8_t reg, uint16_t dat) { uint8_t tmp_H; uint8_t tmp_L; tmp_H =(uint8_t) (reg<<1)|((uint8_t) ((dat>>8)&0x0001)); //取高字節 tmp_L =(uint8_t) (dat&0x00FF); //取低8字節 W8960_IIC_Start(); //Master發送起始信號 W8960_IIC_Send_Byte(WM8960_IIC_ADDR); //Master發送從設備地址 if(W8960_IIC_Wait_Ack()==1) {return 1;}; //等待超時返回1 failed W8960_IIC_Send_Byte(tmp_H); //發送數據 if(W8960_IIC_Wait_Ack()==1) {return 1;}; //等待超時返回1 failed W8960_IIC_Send_Byte(tmp_L); //發送數據 if(W8960_IIC_Wait_Ack()==1) {return 1;}; //等待超時返回1 failed W8960_IIC_Stop(); //發送停止信號 return 0; }
I2C發送函數,使用的是STM32庫函數:
i2c.h

#ifndef __I2C_H #define __I2C_H #include "stm32f4xx.h" #define I2C_LIB 1 #define DCMI_TIMEOUT_MAX 10000 #define DEVICE_WRITE_ADDRESS 0x34 #define DEVICE_READ_ADDRESS 0x35 /* Configure I2C1 pins: PB6->scl and PB7->sda */ #define Open_I2Cx I2C1 #define Open_i2c_CLK RCC_APB1Periph_I2C1 #define Open_i2c_SDA_PIN GPIO_Pin_7 #define Open_i2c_SDA_GPIO_PORT GPIOB #define Open_i2c_SDA_GPIO_CLK RCC_AHB1Periph_GPIOB #define Open_i2c_SDA_SOURCE GPIO_PinSource7 #define Open_i2c_SDA_AF GPIO_AF_I2C1 #define Open_i2c_SCL_PIN GPIO_Pin_6 #define Open_i2c_SCL_GPIO_PORT GPIOB #define Open_i2c_SCL_GPIO_CLK RCC_AHB1Periph_GPIOB #define Open_i2c_SCL_SOURCE GPIO_PinSource6 #define Open_i2c_SCL_AF GPIO_AF_I2C1 #define I2C_SPEED 60000 //WM8960 I2C clk must 60KHz #define I2C_SLAVE_ADDRESS7 0xFE void I2C_GPIO_Config(void); uint8_t I2C_Write_Byte(uint8_t Reg, uint8_t Data); #endif
i2c.c

#include "i2c.h" #include "stm32f4xx_i2c.h" void I2C_GPIO_Config(void) { GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure; I2C_InitTypeDef i2c_InitStructure; RCC_AHB1PeriphClockCmd(Open_i2c_SDA_GPIO_CLK | Open_i2c_SCL_GPIO_CLK,ENABLE); RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(Open_i2c_CLK,ENABLE); GPIO_PinAFConfig(Open_i2c_SDA_GPIO_PORT, Open_i2c_SDA_SOURCE, Open_i2c_SDA_AF); GPIO_PinAFConfig(Open_i2c_SCL_GPIO_PORT, Open_i2c_SCL_SOURCE, Open_i2c_SCL_AF); GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = Open_i2c_SDA_PIN | Open_i2c_SCL_PIN; GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF; GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_OType = GPIO_OType_OD; GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_2MHz; GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_PuPd = GPIO_PuPd_UP; GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure); I2C_DeInit(Open_I2Cx); i2c_InitStructure.I2C_Mode = I2C_Mode_I2C; i2c_InitStructure.I2C_DutyCycle = I2C_DutyCycle_2; i2c_InitStructure.I2C_OwnAddress1 = I2C_SLAVE_ADDRESS7; i2c_InitStructure.I2C_Ack = I2C_Ack_Enable; i2c_InitStructure.I2C_AcknowledgedAddress = I2C_AcknowledgedAddress_7bit; i2c_InitStructure.I2C_ClockSpeed = I2C_SPEED; I2C_Init(Open_I2Cx, &i2c_InitStructure); I2C_Cmd(Open_I2Cx, ENABLE); I2C_AcknowledgeConfig(Open_I2Cx, ENABLE); } uint8_t I2C_Write_Byte(uint8_t Reg, uint8_t Data) { uint32_t timeout = DCMI_TIMEOUT_MAX; /* Generate the Start Condition */ I2C_GenerateSTART(Open_I2Cx, ENABLE); /* Test on I2C2 EV5 and clear it */ timeout = DCMI_TIMEOUT_MAX; /* Initialize timeout value */ while(!I2C_CheckEvent(Open_I2Cx, I2C_EVENT_MASTER_MODE_SELECT)) { /* If the timeout delay is exeeded, exit with error code */ if ((timeout--) == 0) return 0xFF; } /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Send DCMI selcted device slave Address for write */ I2C_Send7bitAddress(Open_I2Cx, DEVICE_WRITE_ADDRESS, I2C_Direction_Transmitter); /* Test on I2C2 EV6 and clear it */ timeout = DCMI_TIMEOUT_MAX; /* Initialize timeout value */ while(!I2C_CheckEvent(Open_I2Cx, I2C_EVENT_MASTER_TRANSMITTER_MODE_SELECTED)) { /* If the timeout delay is exeeded, exit with error code */ if ((timeout--) == 0) return 0xFF; } /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Send I2C2 location address LSB */ I2C_SendData(Open_I2Cx, (uint8_t)(Reg)); /* Test on I2C2 EV8 and clear it */ timeout = DCMI_TIMEOUT_MAX; /* Initialize timeout value */ while(!I2C_CheckEvent(Open_I2Cx, I2C_EVENT_MASTER_BYTE_TRANSMITTED)) { /* If the timeout delay is exeeded, exit with error code */ if ((timeout--) == 0) return 0xFF; } /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Send Data */ I2C_SendData(Open_I2Cx, Data); /* Test on I2C2 EV8 and clear it */ timeout = DCMI_TIMEOUT_MAX; /* Initialize timeout value */ while(!I2C_CheckEvent(Open_I2Cx, I2C_EVENT_MASTER_BYTE_TRANSMITTED)) { /* If the timeout delay is exeeded, exit with error code */ if ((timeout--) == 0) return 0xFF; } /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ /* Send I2C2 STOP Condition */ I2C_GenerateSTOP(Open_I2Cx, ENABLE); /* If operation is OK, return 0 */ return 0; }
這里有個問題,I2C 時鍾頻率只能設置在60K,設置高點、低點,播放時就會有噪聲,讓人費解。
WM8960 I2C初始化函數 uint8_t WM8960_Set_Play_Recorde_Reg(void),注意這函數里有個數據格式轉換,可以查看WM8960 I2C 傳輸格式,
地址寄存器有效為是7位[bit15 : bit9],數據有效為是9位[bit9 : bit0],但是發送的時候,是按照一個字節8bit發送的,先發地址寄存器7位 [bit15 : bit9]還得帶上
數據位的最高bit8,構成[bit15:bit8]一個字節,所以數據得轉換一下:
temp = sizeof(wm8960_reg_master)/sizeof(u16); for(i=0 ; i<temp; i+=2) { WM8960_Reg_Config[i] = ((uint8_t)(wm8960_reg_master[i]<<1)) | ((uint8_t)((wm8960_reg_master[i+1]>>8)& 0x01)); WM8960_Reg_Config[i+1] = (uint8_t)(wm8960_reg_master[i+1] & 0xff); }

#define REG_NUM 100 uint8_t WM8960_Reg_Config[REG_NUM] ={0}; void Data_Format_Convert(void) { uint8_t i = 0; uint8_t temp = 0; temp = sizeof(wm8960_reg_master)/sizeof(u16); for(i=0 ; i<temp; i+=2) { WM8960_Reg_Config[i] = ((uint8_t)(wm8960_reg_master[i]<<1)) | ((uint8_t)((wm8960_reg_master[i+1]>>8)& 0x01)); WM8960_Reg_Config[i+1] = (uint8_t)(wm8960_reg_master[i+1] & 0xff); } } uint8_t WM8960_Set_Play_Recorde_Reg(void) { uint8_t i = 0; uint8_t res = 0; #ifdef I2C_LIB Data_Format_Convert();//對WM890的數組寄存器數據進行轉換 res = I2C_Write_Byte(WM8960_Reg_Config[0],WM8960_Reg_Config[1]); if(res != 0) return res; Delay_ms(10); for(i=2; i<(sizeof(wm8960_reg_master)/sizeof(u16)); i+=2) { res = I2C_Write_Byte(WM8960_Reg_Config[i],WM8960_Reg_Config[i+1]); } #else res = WM8960_Write_Reg((uint8_t)wm8960_reg_master[0], wm8960_reg_master[1]); if(res != 0) { return res; } Delay_ms(10); for(i=2; i<(sizeof(wm8960_reg_master)/sizeof(u16)); i+=2) { res = WM8960_Write_Reg((uint8_t)wm8960_reg_master[i],wm8960_reg_master[i+1]); } #endif return res; }
重點講解下I2S的DMA方式及注意事項:
(1)、首先是I2S 管腳定義:

/** * I2S×ÜÏß´«ÊäÒôƵÊý¾Ý¿ÚÏß * WM8960_LRC -> PB12/I2S2_WS * WM8960_BCLK -> PB13/I2S2_CK * WM8960_ADCDAT -> PB14/I2S2ext_SD * WM8960_DACDAT -> PB15/I2S2_SD * WM8960_MCLK -> PC6/I2S2_MCK */ /* Enable GPIO clock */ void WM8960_I2S_GPIO_Config(void) { GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure; RCC_AHB1PeriphClockCmd(WM8960_LRC_GPIO_CLK|WM8960_BCLK_GPIO_CLK| \ WM8960_ADCDAT_GPIO_CLK|WM8960_DACDAT_GPIO_CLK| \ WM8960_MCLK_GPIO_CLK, ENABLE); GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF; GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz; GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_OType = GPIO_OType_PP; GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_PuPd = GPIO_PuPd_NOPULL; GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = WM8960_LRC_PIN; GPIO_Init(WM8960_LRC_PORT, &GPIO_InitStructure); GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = WM8960_BCLK_PIN; GPIO_Init(WM8960_BCLK_PORT, &GPIO_InitStructure); GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = WM8960_MCLK_PIN; GPIO_Init(WM8960_MCLK_PORT, &GPIO_InitStructure); GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = WM8960_DACDAT_PIN; GPIO_Init(WM8960_DACDAT_PORT, &GPIO_InitStructure); GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_PuPd = GPIO_PuPd_UP; GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = WM8960_ADCDAT_PIN; GPIO_Init(WM8960_ADCDAT_PORT, &GPIO_InitStructure); /* Connect pins to I2S peripheral */ GPIO_PinAFConfig(WM8960_LRC_PORT, WM8960_LRC_SOURCE, WM8960_LRC_AF); GPIO_PinAFConfig(WM8960_BCLK_PORT, WM8960_BCLK_SOURCE, WM8960_BCLK_AF); GPIO_PinAFConfig(WM8960_ADCDAT_PORT, WM8960_ADCDAT_SOURCE, WM8960_ADCDAT_AF); GPIO_PinAFConfig(WM8960_DACDAT_PORT, WM8960_DACDAT_SOURCE, WM8960_DACDAT_AF); GPIO_PinAFConfig(WM8960_MCLK_PORT, WM8960_MCLK_SOURCE, WM8960_MCLK_AF); }
(2)、配置I2S 發送,STM32做的從機,所以不需要配置MCLK,當然也不需要輸出:

void WM8960_I2Sx_Mode_Config(const uint16_t _usStandard,const uint16_t _usWordLen,const uint32_t _usAudioFreq) { I2S_InitTypeDef I2S_InitStructure; #if 0 //STM32作為從機不需要配置時鍾 uint32_t n = 0; FlagStatus status = RESET; /** * For I2S mode, make sure that either: * - I2S PLL is configured using the functions RCC_I2SCLKConfig(RCC_I2S2CLKSource_PLLI2S), * RCC_PLLI2SCmd(ENABLE) and RCC_GetFlagStatus(RCC_FLAG_PLLI2SRDY). */ RCC_I2SCLKConfig(RCC_I2S2CLKSource_PLLI2S); RCC_PLLI2SCmd(ENABLE); for (n = 0; n < 500; n++) { status = RCC_GetFlagStatus(RCC_FLAG_PLLI2SRDY); if (status == 1)break; } #endif /* 打開 I2S2 APB1 時鍾 */ RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(WM8960_CLK, ENABLE); /* 復位 SPI2 外設到缺省狀態 */ SPI_I2S_DeInit(WM8960_I2Sx_SPI); /* I2S2 外設配置 */ /* 配置I2S工作模式 */ I2S_InitStructure.I2S_Mode = I2S_Mode_SlaveTx;//I2S_Mode_MasterTx; /* 接口標准 */ I2S_InitStructure.I2S_Standard = _usStandard; /* 數據格式,16bit */ I2S_InitStructure.I2S_DataFormat = _usWordLen; /* 主時鍾模式 */ I2S_InitStructure.I2S_MCLKOutput = I2S_MCLKOutput_Disable;//I2S_MCLKOutput_Enable; /* 音頻采樣頻率 */ I2S_InitStructure.I2S_AudioFreq = _usAudioFreq; I2S_InitStructure.I2S_CPOL = I2S_CPOL_Low; I2S_Init(WM8960_I2Sx_SPI, &I2S_InitStructure); /* 使能 SPI2/I2S2 外設 */ I2S_Cmd(WM8960_I2Sx_SPI, ENABLE); SPI_I2S_DMACmd(WM8960_I2Sx_SPI,SPI_I2S_DMAReq_Tx,ENABLE);//SPI2 TX DMA請求使能. }
(3)、配置I2S接收模式,配置雙緩沖模式

void WM8960_I2Sxext_Mode_Config(const uint16_t _usStandard, const uint16_t _usWordLen,const uint32_t _usAudioFreq) { I2S_InitTypeDef I2Sext_InitStructure; /* I2S2 外設配置 */ RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_SPI2, ENABLE); /* 復位 SPI2 外設到缺省狀態 */ SPI_I2S_DeInit(I2S2ext); I2Sext_InitStructure.I2S_Mode = I2S_Mode_SlaveTx; /* 配置I2S工作模式 注意這里是SlaveTx 而不是Rx,容易誤導*/ I2Sext_InitStructure.I2S_Standard = _usStandard; /* 接口標准 */ I2Sext_InitStructure.I2S_DataFormat = _usWordLen; /* 數據格式,16bit */ I2Sext_InitStructure.I2S_MCLKOutput = I2S_MCLKOutput_Disable; /* 主時鍾模式 */ I2Sext_InitStructure.I2S_AudioFreq = _usAudioFreq; /* 音頻采樣頻率 */ I2Sext_InitStructure.I2S_CPOL = I2S_CPOL_Low; I2S_Init(I2S2ext, &I2Sext_InitStructure); I2S_FullDuplexConfig(I2S2ext, &I2Sext_InitStructure); //可以進入函數中看到,當I2S_Mode == I2S_Mode_SlaveTx時,選擇的是tmp = I2S_Mode_SlaveRx; /* 使能 SPI2/I2S2 外設 */ I2S_Cmd(I2S2ext, ENABLE); SPI_I2S_DMACmd(I2S2ext,SPI_I2S_DMAReq_Rx,ENABLE);//SPI2 RX DMA請求使能. }
這里注意下I2S模式選的是I2S_Mode_SlaceTx,你可能會覺得這個地方配置錯了。這地方我也是查詢了好久才找到。坑爹玩意
I2Sext_InitStructure.I2S_Mode = I2S_Mode_SlaveTx; /* 配置I2S工作模式 注意這里是SlaveTx 而不是Rx,容易誤導*/
其實不是,進到void I2S_FullDuplexConfig(SPI_TypeDef* I2Sxext, I2S_InitTypeDef* I2S_InitStruct) 這個函數里頭,發現這代碼是這樣寫的,最終是temp=I2S_Mode_SlaveRx;
/* Get the mode to be configured for the extended I2S */ if ((I2S_InitStruct->I2S_Mode == I2S_Mode_MasterTx) || (I2S_InitStruct->I2S_Mode == I2S_Mode_SlaveTx)) { tmp = I2S_Mode_SlaveRx; } else { if ((I2S_InitStruct->I2S_Mode == I2S_Mode_MasterRx) || (I2S_InitStruct->I2S_Mode == I2S_Mode_SlaveRx)) { tmp = I2S_Mode_SlaveTx; } }
(3)、配置DMA雙緩沖發送和發送完產生的中斷函數:

#define WM8960_I2Sx_DMA DMA1 #define WM8960_I2Sx_DMA_CLK RCC_AHB1Periph_DMA1 #define WM8960_I2Sx_TX_DMA_CHANNEL DMA_Channel_0 #define WM8960_I2Sx_TX_DMA_STREAM DMA1_Stream4 #define WM8960_I2Sx_TX_DMA_IT_TCIF DMA_IT_TCIF4 #define WM8960_I2Sx_TX_DMA_STREAM_IRQn DMA1_Stream4_IRQn #define WM8960_I2Sx_TX_DMA_STREAM_IRQFUN DMA1_Stream4_IRQHandler void WM8960_I2Sx_TX_DMA_Init(const uint16_t *buffer0,const uint16_t *buffer1,const uint32_t num) { NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure; DMA_InitTypeDef DMA_InitStructure; RCC_AHB1PeriphClockCmd(WM8960_I2Sx_DMA_CLK,ENABLE);//DMA1時鍾使能 DMA_DeInit(WM8960_I2Sx_TX_DMA_STREAM); while (DMA_GetCmdStatus(WM8960_I2Sx_TX_DMA_STREAM) != DISABLE){}//等待DMA1_Stream4可配置 DMA_ClearITPendingBit(WM8960_I2Sx_TX_DMA_STREAM,DMA_IT_FEIF4|DMA_IT_DMEIF4|DMA_IT_TEIF4|DMA_IT_HTIF4|DMA_IT_TCIF4);//清空DMA1_Stream4上所有中斷標志 /* 配置 DMA Stream */ DMA_InitStructure.DMA_Channel = WM8960_I2Sx_TX_DMA_CHANNEL; //通道0 SPIx_TX通道 DMA_InitStructure.DMA_PeripheralBaseAddr = (uint32_t)&WM8960_I2Sx_SPI->DR;//外設地址為:(u32)&SPI2->DR DMA_InitStructure.DMA_Memory0BaseAddr = (uint32_t)buffer0;//DMA 存儲器0地址 DMA_InitStructure.DMA_DIR = DMA_DIR_MemoryToPeripheral;//存儲器到外設模式 DMA_InitStructure.DMA_BufferSize = num;//數據傳輸量 DMA_InitStructure.DMA_PeripheralInc = DMA_PeripheralInc_Disable;//外設非增量模式 DMA_InitStructure.DMA_MemoryInc = DMA_MemoryInc_Enable;//存儲器增量模式 DMA_InitStructure.DMA_PeripheralDataSize = DMA_PeripheralDataSize_HalfWord;//外設數據長度:16位 DMA_InitStructure.DMA_MemoryDataSize = DMA_MemoryDataSize_HalfWord;//存儲器數據長度:16位 DMA_InitStructure.DMA_Mode = DMA_Mode_Circular;// 使用循環模式 DMA_InitStructure.DMA_Priority = DMA_Priority_High;//高優先級 DMA_InitStructure.DMA_FIFOMode = DMA_FIFOMode_Disable; //不使用FIFO模式 DMA_InitStructure.DMA_FIFOThreshold = DMA_FIFOThreshold_1QuarterFull; DMA_InitStructure.DMA_MemoryBurst = DMA_MemoryBurst_Single;//外設突發單次傳輸 DMA_InitStructure.DMA_PeripheralBurst = DMA_PeripheralBurst_Single;//存儲器突發單次傳輸 DMA_Init(WM8960_I2Sx_TX_DMA_STREAM, &DMA_InitStructure);//初始化DMA Stream DMA_DoubleBufferModeConfig(WM8960_I2Sx_TX_DMA_STREAM,(uint32_t)buffer0,DMA_Memory_0);//雙緩沖模式配置 DMA_DoubleBufferModeConfig(WM8960_I2Sx_TX_DMA_STREAM,(uint32_t)buffer1,DMA_Memory_1);//雙緩沖模式配置 DMA_DoubleBufferModeCmd(WM8960_I2Sx_TX_DMA_STREAM,ENABLE);//雙緩沖模式開啟 DMA_ITConfig(WM8960_I2Sx_TX_DMA_STREAM,DMA_IT_TC,ENABLE);//開啟傳輸完成中斷 DMA_Cmd(WM8960_I2Sx_TX_DMA_STREAM,DISABLE); NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = WM8960_I2Sx_TX_DMA_STREAM_IRQn; NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 0;//搶占優先級1 NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 1;//子優先級2 NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;//使能外部中斷通道 NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);//配置 } void WM8960_I2Sx_TX_DMA_STREAM_IRQFUN(void) { if(DMA_GetITStatus(WM8960_I2Sx_TX_DMA_STREAM,WM8960_I2Sx_TX_DMA_IT_TCIF)==SET)//DMA傳輸完成標志 { DMA_ClearITPendingBit(WM8960_I2Sx_TX_DMA_STREAM,WM8960_I2Sx_TX_DMA_IT_TCIF);//清DMA傳輸完成標准 if(WM8960_I2Sx_TX_DMA_STREAM->CR&(1<<19)) //當前使用Memory1數據 { bufflag=0; //可以將數據讀取到緩沖區0 } else //當前使用Memory0數據 { bufflag=1; //可以將數據讀取到緩沖區1 } Isread_tx ++; } }
(4)、配置DMA雙緩沖接收和接收中斷函數:

void WM8960_I2Sxext_RX_DMA_Init(const uint16_t *buffer0,const uint16_t *buffer1,const uint32_t num) { NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure1; DMA_InitTypeDef DMA_InitStructure1; RCC_AHB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_AHB1Periph_DMA1,ENABLE);//DMA1時鍾使能 DMA_DeInit(DMA1_Stream3); while (DMA_GetCmdStatus(DMA1_Stream3) != DISABLE){}//等待DMA1_Stream3可配置 DMA_ClearITPendingBit(DMA1_Stream3,DMA_IT_FEIF3|DMA_IT_DMEIF3|DMA_IT_TEIF3|DMA_IT_HTIF3|DMA_IT_TCIF3);//清空DMA1_Stream3上所有中斷標志 /* 配置 DMA Stream */ DMA_InitStructure1.DMA_Channel = DMA_Channel_3; //通道0 SPIx_TX通道 DMA_InitStructure1.DMA_PeripheralBaseAddr = (uint32_t)&WM8960_I2Sx_ext->DR;//外設地址為:(u32)&SPI2->DR DMA_InitStructure1.DMA_Memory0BaseAddr = (uint32_t)buffer0;//DMA 存儲器0地址 DMA_InitStructure1.DMA_DIR = DMA_DIR_PeripheralToMemory;//外設到存儲器模式 DMA_InitStructure1.DMA_BufferSize = num;//數據傳輸量 DMA_InitStructure1.DMA_PeripheralInc = DMA_PeripheralInc_Disable;//外設非增量模式 DMA_InitStructure1.DMA_MemoryInc = DMA_MemoryInc_Enable;//存儲器增量模式 DMA_InitStructure1.DMA_PeripheralDataSize = DMA_PeripheralDataSize_HalfWord;//外設數據長度:16位 DMA_InitStructure1.DMA_MemoryDataSize = DMA_MemoryDataSize_HalfWord;//存儲器數據長度:16位 DMA_InitStructure1.DMA_Mode = DMA_Mode_Circular;// 使用循環模式 DMA_InitStructure1.DMA_Priority = DMA_Priority_VeryHigh; DMA_InitStructure1.DMA_FIFOMode = DMA_FIFOMode_Disable; //不使用FIFO模式 DMA_InitStructure1.DMA_FIFOThreshold = DMA_FIFOThreshold_1QuarterFull; DMA_InitStructure1.DMA_MemoryBurst = DMA_MemoryBurst_Single;//外設突發單次傳輸 DMA_InitStructure1.DMA_PeripheralBurst = DMA_PeripheralBurst_Single;//存儲器突發單次傳輸 DMA_Init(DMA1_Stream3, &DMA_InitStructure1);//初始化DMA Stream DMA_DoubleBufferModeConfig(DMA1_Stream3,(uint32_t)buffer0,DMA_Memory_0);//雙緩沖模式配置 DMA_DoubleBufferModeConfig(DMA1_Stream3,(uint32_t)buffer1,DMA_Memory_1);//雙緩沖模式配置 DMA_DoubleBufferModeCmd(DMA1_Stream3,ENABLE);//雙緩沖模式開啟 DMA_ITConfig(DMA1_Stream3,DMA_IT_TC,ENABLE);//開啟傳輸完成中斷 DMA_Cmd(DMA1_Stream3,DISABLE); NVIC_InitStructure1.NVIC_IRQChannel = DMA1_Stream3_IRQn; NVIC_InitStructure1.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 0;//搶占優先級0 NVIC_InitStructure1.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 0;//子優先級2 NVIC_InitStructure1.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;//使能外部中斷通道 NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure1);//配置 } void DMA1_Stream3_IRQHandler(void) { if(DMA_GetITStatus(DMA1_Stream3,DMA_IT_TCIF3)==SET) { DMA_ClearITPendingBit(DMA1_Stream3,DMA_IT_TCIF3); if(DMA1_Stream3->CR&(1<<19)) //當前使用Memory1數據 { bufflag=1; } else //當前使用Memory0數據 { bufflag=0; } Isread_rx++; // DMA傳輸完成標志 } }
(5)、主函數中調用測試語音錄音和播放:

void WM8960_I2S_Play_Start(void) { DMA_Cmd(WM8960_I2Sx_TX_DMA_STREAM,ENABLE);//開啟DMA TX傳輸,開始播放 } void WM8960_I2S_Play_Stop(void) { DMA_Cmd(WM8960_I2Sx_TX_DMA_STREAM,DISABLE);//關閉DMA TX傳輸,結束播放 } void WM8960_I2Sxext_Recorde_Start(void) { DMA_Cmd(WM8960_I2Sxext_RX_DMA_STREAM,ENABLE);//開啟DMA RX傳輸,開始錄音 } void WM8960_I2Sxext_Recorde_Stop(void) { DMA_Cmd(WM8960_I2Sxext_RX_DMA_STREAM,DISABLE);//關閉DMA RX傳輸,結束錄音 }
extern u8 Isread_tx; extern u8 Isread_rx;
//注意兩個數組別定義太大,定義太大STM空間不夠,編譯器會報錯,這里一個數組存放了48630,兩個數組48630*2 extern uint16_t adudio_buffer0[]; //可以事先定義好一個數組buffer0,先存放一點數據進去,不錄音之前,也能播放一段聲音出來 extern uint16_t adudio_buffer1[]; //可以事先定義好一個數組buffer1,先存放一點數據進去,不錄音之前,也能播放一段聲音出來 extern uint16_t ADUDIO_BUFFER_SIZE; //uint16_t ADUDIO_BUFFER_SIZE = sizeof(adudio_buffer0)/sizeof(uint16_t); #define DMA_Point_to_Memory0 0 #define DMA_Point_to_Memory1 1 void Audio_Set(void) { WM8960_I2S_GPIO_Config(); //I2S IO配置 if(WM8960_Set_Play_Recorde_Reg())//對WM8960進行初始化 { printf("WM8960 Init Fail!!!\r\n"); } else printf("WM8960 Init Success!!!\r\n"); WM8960_I2Sx_Mode_Config(I2S_Standard_Phillips,I2S_DataFormat_16b,I2S_AudioFreq_16k);//音頻采樣速率,這里配置16K,收發要保持一致 WM8960_I2Sx_TX_DMA_Init(adudio_buffer1,adudio_buffer0,ADUDIO_BUFFER_SIZE);//注意數量大小就是一個緩沖區的大小,而不是兩個緩沖區大小之和,buffer1傳給memory0,buffer0傳給memory1 WM8960_I2Sxext_Mode_Config(I2S_Standard_Phillips,I2S_DataFormat_16b,I2S_AudioFreq_16k);//音頻采樣速率,這里配置16K,收發保持一致,否則播放出的音速就變了
//假如現在有一段錄音“1234”,再同一時間內,44K采集到的數據比16K采集的數據多,加上STM數組空間有限,如果用44K采集的話,可能采集到“12”就填滿了兩個數組,錄音播放的時候就只能聽到前半截.
//如果用16K去采集數據,“1234”都能存到兩個數組中,錄音播放就會比較完整。這里的44K好比就是無損音樂,數據大;16K就相當於MP3格式的音樂,數據少。常規聽起來感覺到不差異。
//這里就是要配置ADC/DAC采樣速率16K的原因。
WM8960_I2Sxext_RX_DMA_Init(adudio_buffer1,adudio_buffer0,ADUDIO_BUFFER_SIZE); //配置I2S DMA雙緩沖接收,buffer1傳給memory0,buffer0傳給memory1 } void Audio_Play_Recorde(void) { Audio_Set(); while(1) { //播放音樂 if(KEYL==0)//按下左按鍵,進行播放 { Delay_ms(1000); WM8960_I2S_Play_Start();//開啟播放 } if(Isread_tx == 2) { WM8960_I2S_Play_Stop();//兩個數組的數據播放完后,停止播放 Isread_tx = 0;//標志清0 printf("Play Complete!!!\r\n"); printf("Please Recorde!!!\r\n"); } if(KEYR==0)//按下右鍵將兩個數組清0 { Delay_ms(1000); memset(adudio_buffer1,0,sizeof(uint16_t)*ADUDIO_BUFFER_SIZE); memset(adudio_buffer0,0,sizeof(uint16_t)*ADUDIO_BUFFER_SIZE); printf("Clear Buffer Complete!!!\r\n"); } //錄音 if(KEYM==0)//按下左鍵,開啟錄音 { Delay_ms(1000); WM8960_I2Sxext_Recorde_Start();//開始錄音 } if(Isread_rx == 2) { WM8960_I2Sxext_Recorde_Stop();//錄滿兩個數組后,停止錄音 Isread_rx = 0;//標志清0 printf("Recorde Complete!!!\r\n"); printf("Please Play!!!\r\n"); } // // if(bufflag==DMA_Point_to_Memory0) //說明Memory1中的數據可以拷貝 // { // rx_flag = 2; // memcpy(tx_buffer0,rx_buffer0,sizeof(u8)*BUFFER_SIZE); // } // if(bufflag==DMA_Point_to_Memory1)//說明Memory0中的數據可以拷貝 // { // rx_flag = 2; // memcpy(tx_buffer1,rx_buffer1,sizeof(u8)*BUFFER_SIZE); // } } }
總結:
(1)、為什么STM32配置主機,WM8960作為從機,能播放,但是接收不了數據,所以始終進不了中斷函數,就無法錄音?
答:播放時,是STM32將數據發給WM8960,是主動發送數據,會有時鍾輸出,而錄音時,是STM32接收數據,
一直在那等待數據,示波器量MCLK 和Bitcllk沒有時鍾,雖然程序里配置使能MCLK時鍾輸出,但就是沒有。
后來想到SPI接收數據的場景,在接收數據時,得讓STM32發送任意字節,目的就是讓時鍾輸出。接收不了數據的問題估計就是出在這里了。
static uint16_t SPIx_Receive_byte(void) { while(SPI_I2S_GetFlagStatus(SPI2, SPI_I2S_FLAG_TXE)==RESET); //檢查緩沖區是否為空 SPI_I2S_SendData(SPI2,Dummy_Byte);//發送任意字節,就是為了時鍾輸出 while(SPI_I2S_GetFlagStatus(SPI2, SPI_I2S_FLAG_RXNE)==RESET); return SPI_I2S_ReceiveData(SPI2); }
我想STM32肯定可以做主機接收數據,只是現在沒調試好,如果在接收時,是通過STM32發送數據產生時鍾,那么WM8960會不會有雜音播放呢?
再一個采用的是DMA方式讀取,看不到類似SPI那種接收讀取的函數。又該如何配置呢? 這個問題可以好好研究。
(2)、在一個就是I2S 接收時的配置,雖然網上例子中,I2Sext_InitStructure.I2S_Mode = I2S_Mode_SlaveTx; 沒有重點說明,
一開始按照網上的資料配置,不能錄音,仔細檢查代碼,發現這個有疑問,明明是接收,怎么是配置為發送呢,讓我竊喜,肯定是這個地方出錯了,
於是改成了I2Sext_InitStructure.I2S_Mode = I2S_Mode_SlaveRx; 結果很失望,還是不能錄音,於是單步調試進入I2S_FullDuplexConfig(I2S2ext, &I2Sext_InitStructure);
函數中,發現里面有這一段代碼,原來如此,之前人家配置的I2S_Mode_SlaveTX是正確的。單步調試進入官方的庫函數,仔細查看函數里面做了哪些,這種方法是非常有效。
if ((I2S_InitStruct->I2S_Mode == I2S_Mode_MasterTx) || (I2S_InitStruct->I2S_Mode == I2S_Mode_SlaveTx)) { tmp = I2S_Mode_SlaveRx; } else { if ((I2S_InitStruct->I2S_Mode == I2S_Mode_MasterRx) || (I2S_InitStruct->I2S_Mode == I2S_Mode_SlaveRx)) { tmp = I2S_Mode_SlaveTx; } }
還有個細節,在配置I2S接收工作模式時,I2S_Init要不要寫?"因為看到了I2S_FullDuplexConfig(I2S2ext, &I2Sext_InitStructure);
也是將I2Sext_InitStructure變量傳進去進行初始化,I2S_Init()是不是多余了,這個還真不是多余,得一定要配置,I2S_Init()是對I2S協議、
數據格式、主時鍾、音頻采樣、工作模式和空閑時的時鍾電平狀態進行初始化,而I2S_FullDuplexConfig函數僅僅是將I2S2ext擴展口設置為全雙工模式。
I2S_Init(I2S2ext, &I2Sext_InitStructure); I2S_FullDuplexConfig(I2S2ext, &I2Sext_InitStructure); //可以進入函數中看到,當I2S_Mode == I2S_Mode_SlaveTx時,選擇的是tmp = I2S_Mode_SlaveRx;
(3)、其實到現在我還有個疑問?I2S2ext擴展口設置全雙工模式時使用,全雙工的無非就是發送時,一根數據線在發送,另一根數據線在接收,看下引腳對應
* I2S總線傳輸音頻數據口線
* WM8960_LRC -> PB12/I2S2_WS //映射到NSS引腳,即幀時鍾,用於切換左右聲道的數據,WS頻率等於音頻信號采樣率(fs),
//STM32發送時是要產生一個時鍾給WM8960,WM8960根據該時鍾區分左右聲道,接收時呢? 目前程序里面好像是不用關心,是真的嗎?
* WM8960_BCLK -> PB13/I2S2_CK //串行時鍾(映射到SPI_SCK引腳),即位時鍾,是主模式下的串行時鍾輸出以及從模式下的串行時鍾輸入。
* WM8960_ADCDAT -> PB14/I2S2ext_SD//擴展串行數據線(MISO),用於全雙工傳輸的數據接收
* WM8960_DACDAT -> PB15/I2S2_SD //串行數據線(映射MOSI),用於發送或接收兩個時分復用的數據通道上的數據(僅半雙工模式),如果是全雙工模式,該信號僅用於發送數據
* WM8960_MCLK -> PC6/I2S2_MCK //附加時鍾,給外設音頻模塊提供工作主時鍾
目前程序里好像只用到了半雙工,收發都不是同時。