ajax實例，檢測用戶與注冊
檢測用戶名是否被占用：
在用戶填寫完用戶名之后，ajax會異步向服務器發送請求，判斷用戶名是否存在
首先寫好靜態頁面：
index.html
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>index</title> <style> *{ margin:0; padding:0; } body{ background-color: #333; } a{ text-decoration: none; } .box{ width:300px; height:270px; margin:80px auto; background-color: #abcdef; border-radius: 5px; padding:15px 30px; } .box .title{ height:15px; margin-bottom:20px; } .box .title span{ font-size:16px; color:#333; margin-right:15px; } .box .title span.current{ color:red; } .box div{ width:280px; height:30px; margin-bottom:25px; padding:8px 10px; background-color: #fff; border-radius: 5px; color:#666; position: relative; } .box div span{ display: inline-block; padding-top:4px; padding-right:6px; } .box div input{ border:none; outline:none; font-size:16px; color:#666; margin-top:5px; } .box div i{ width:16px; height:16px; position: absolute; top:14px; right:12px; } .box div i.ok{ background:url(icon.png) no-repeat 0 -67px; } .box div i.no{ background:url(icon.png) no-repeat -17px -67px; } .box div .info{ color:red; margin-top:16px; padding-left:2px; } .button{ margin-top:7px; } .button a{ display: block; text-align: center; height:45px; line-height:45px; background-color: #f20d0d; border-radius:20px; color:#fff; font-size:16px; } </style> </head> <body> <div class="box"> <p class="title"> <span>登 錄</span> <span class="current">注 冊</span> </p> <div> <span>+86</span> <input type="text" name="user" id="user" placeholder="請輸入注冊手機號" autocomplete="off"> <i class="ok"></i> <p class="info">該手機號已注冊</p> </div> <div> <input type="password" name="pwd" id="pwd" placeholder="請設置密碼" autocomplete="off"> <i class="no"></i> <p class="info"></p> </div> <p class="button"> <a href="javascript:void(0)" id="btn" class="btn">注冊</a> </p> </div> <script src="ajax.js"></script> </body> </html>
效果圖
然后是仿照jquery的$.ajax()，使用js封裝了一個ajax方法（只是為了熟悉運行原理，實際項目可以直接用jquery封裝好的）
ajax.js
//仿寫jquery的ajax方法 var $={ ajax:function(options){ var xhr=null;//XMLHttpRequest對象 var url=options.url,//必填 type=options.type || "get", async=typeof(options.async)==="undefined"?true:options.async, data=options.data || null, params="",//傳遞的參數 callback=options.success,//成功的回調 error=options.error;//失敗的回調 //post傳參的轉換，將對象字面量形式轉為字符串形式 // data:{user:"13200000000",pwd:"123456"} // xhr.send("user=13200000000&pwd=123456") if(data){ for(var i in data){ params+=i+"="+data[i]+"&"; } params=params.replace(/&$/,"");//正則替換，以&結尾的將&轉為空 } //根據type值修改傳參 if(type==="get"){ url+="?"+params; } console.log(url); //IE7+，其他瀏覽器 if(typeof XMLHttpRequest!="undefined"){ xhr=new XMLHttpRequest();//返回xhr對象的實例 }else if(typeof ActiveXObject!="undefined"){ //IE7及以下 //所有可能出現的ActiveXObject版本 var arr=["Microsoft.XMLHTTP","MSXML2.XMLHTTP.6.0","MSXML2.XMLHTTP.5.0","MSXML2.XMLHTTP.4.0","MSXML2.XMLHTTP.3.0","MSXML2.XMLHTTP.2.0"]; //循環 for(var i=0,len=arr.length;i<len;i++){ try{ xhr=new ActiveXObject(arr[i]);//任意一個版本支持，即可退出循環 break; }catch(e){ } } }else{ //都不支持 throw new Error("您的瀏覽器不支持XHR對象！"); } //響應狀態變化的函數 xhr.onreadystatechange=function(){ if(xhr.readyState===4){ if((xhr.status>=200&&xhr.status<300) || xhr.status===304){ callback&&callback(JSON.parse(xhr.responseText));//如果存在回調則執行回調 }else{ error&&error(); } } } //創建HTTP請求 xhr.open(type,url,async); //設置HTTP頭 xhr.setRequestHeader("Content-type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded"); //發送請求 xhr.send(params); },
jsonp:function(){
}
}
下面放出所有代碼：
index.html
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>index</title> <style> *{ margin:0; padding:0; } body{ background-color: #333; } a{ text-decoration: none; } .box{ width:300px; height:270px; margin:80px auto; background-color: #abcdef; border-radius: 5px; padding:15px 30px; } .box .title{ height:15px; margin-bottom:20px; } .box .title span{ font-size:16px; color:#333; margin-right:15px; cursor:pointer; } .box .title span.current{ color:red; } .box div{ width:280px; height:30px; margin-bottom:25px; padding:8px 10px; background-color: #fff; border-radius: 5px; color:#666; position: relative; } .box div span{ display: inline-block; padding-top:4px; padding-right:6px; } .box div input{ border:none; outline:none; font-size:16px; color:#666; margin-top:5px; } .box div i{ width:16px; height:16px; position: absolute; top:14px; right:12px; } .box div i.ok{ background:url(icon.png) no-repeat 0 -67px; } .box div i.no{ background:url(icon.png) no-repeat -17px -67px; } .box div .info{ color:red; margin-top:16px; padding-left:2px; } .button{ margin-top:7px; } .button a{ display: none; text-align: center; height:45px; line-height:45px; background-color: #f20d0d; border-radius:20px; color:#fff; font-size:16px; } .button a.show{ display: block; } </style> </head> <body> <div class="box"> <p class="title" id="title"> <span>登 錄</span> <span class="current">注 冊</span> </p> <div> <span>+86</span> <input type="text" name="user" id="user" placeholder="請輸入注冊手機號" autocomplete="off" data-check="reg"> <i id="userIco"></i> <p class="info" id="userInfo"></p> </div> <div> <input type="password" name="pwd" id="pwd" placeholder="請設置密碼" autocomplete="off"> <i id="pwdIco"></i> <p class="info" id="pwdInfo"></p> </div> <p class="button"> <a href="javascript:void(0)" id="btn" class="btn show">注冊</a> <a href="javascript:void(0)" id="btn2" class="btn">登錄</a> </p> </div> <script src="ajax.js"></script> <script> var user=document.getElementById("user"), userIco=document.getElementById("userIco"), userInfo=document.getElementById("userInfo"), pwd=document.getElementById("pwd"), pwdIco=document.getElementById("pwdIco"), pwdInfo=document.getElementById("pwdInfo"), btn=document.getElementById("btn"), btn2=document.getElementById("btn2"), title=document.getElementById("title").getElementsByTagName("span"), userPattern=/^[1]\d{10}$/,//手機號格式的正則, pwdPattern=/^\w{5,10}$/, isRepeat=false;//默認不重復 //綁定檢測手機號事件 user.addEventListener("blur",checkUser,false); //綁定檢測密碼事件 pwd.addEventListener("blur",checkPwd,false); //綁定注冊事件 btn.addEventListener("click",regFn,false); // 切換登錄綁定 title[0].addEventListener("click",showLogin,false); // 切換注冊綁定 title[1].addEventListener("click",showReg,false); //檢測手機號方法 function checkUser(){ var userVal=user.value; if(!userPattern.test(userVal)){ userInfo.innerHTML="手機號格式有誤"; userIco.className="no"; }else{ //格式正確時 userInfo.innerHTML=""; userIco.className=""; //發起ajax請求 $.ajax({ url:"http://localhost/reg/server/isUserRepeat.php",//get傳參 type:"post", async:true, data:{username:userVal}, success:function(data){ console.log(data); if(data.code===1){ userIco.className="ok"; isRepeat=false; }else if(data.code===0){ userInfo.innerHTML=data.msg; userIco.className="no"; isRepeat=true;//手機號重復 }else{ userInfo.innerHTML="檢測失敗，請重試"; } } }) } } //檢測密碼的方法 function checkPwd(){ var pwdVal=pwd.value; if(!pwdPattern.test(pwdVal)){ pwdInfo.innerHTML="密碼格式有誤"; pwdIco.className="no"; }else{ //格式正確時 pwdInfo.innerHTML=""; pwdIco.className="ok"; } } //注冊的方法 function regFn(){ var user_val=user.value, pwd_val=pwd.value; //再次檢測用戶名和密碼是否合法 if(userPattern.test(user_val) && pwdPattern.test(pwd_val) && !isRepeat){ //發起ajax請求 $.ajax({ url:"http://localhost/reg/server/register.php", type:"post", data:{username:user_val,userpwd:pwd_val}, success:function(data){ alert("注冊成功~"); //切換登錄頁面 showLogin(); user.value=""; pwd.value=""; }, error:function(){ pwdInfo.innerHTML="注冊失敗，請重試！"; } }) }else{ //不合法 } } // 切換登錄 function showLogin(){ //切換到登錄頁面 title[0].className="current"; title[1].className=""; btn2.className="btn show"; btn.className="btn"; } // 切換注冊 function showReg(){ //切換到登錄頁面 title[1].className="current"; title[0].className=""; btn2.className="btn"; btn.className="btn show"; } </script> </body> </html>
ajax.js上面已經貼過了
接下來是模擬服務器端的三個文件：
isUserRepeat.php
<?php header('Content-Type:application/json'); $isUsername = array_key_exists('username',$_REQUEST); $username = $isUsername ? $_REQUEST['username'] : ''; if(!$username){ $msg = printMsg('參數有誤',2); echo json_encode($msg); exit(); } function printMsg($msg,$code){ return array('msg'=>$msg,'code'=>$code); } // 記錄存儲用戶的文件路徑 $fileStr = __DIR__.'/user.json'; // 讀取現存的用戶名和密碼 $fileStream = fopen($fileStr,'r'); $fileContent = fread($fileStream,filesize($fileStr)); $fileContent_array = $fileContent ? json_decode($fileContent,true) : array(); fclose($fileStream); // 判斷用戶名是否有重復的 $isrepeat = false; foreach($fileContent_array as $key=>$val){ if($val['username'] === $username){ $isrepeat = true; break; } } if($isrepeat){ $msg = printMsg('用戶名重復',0); echo json_encode($msg); exit(); } $msg = printMsg('用戶名可用',1); echo json_encode($msg); ?>
register.php
<?php header('Content-Type:application/json'); // 獲取前端傳遞的注冊信息 字段為 username userpwd $isUsername = array_key_exists('username',$_REQUEST); $isUserpwd = array_key_exists('userpwd',$_REQUEST); $username = $isUsername ? $_REQUEST['username'] : ''; $userpwd = $isUserpwd ? $_REQUEST['userpwd'] : ''; function printMsg($msg,$code){ return array('msg'=>$msg,'code'=>$code); } if(!$username || !$userpwd){ $msg = printMsg('參數有誤',0); echo json_encode($msg); exit(); } // 記錄存儲用戶的文件路徑 $fileStr = __DIR__.'/user.json'; // 讀取現存的用戶名和密碼 $fileStream = fopen($fileStr,'r'); $fileContent = fread($fileStream,filesize($fileStr)); $fileContent_array = $fileContent ? json_decode($fileContent,true) : array(); fclose($fileStream); // 判斷用戶名是否有重復的 $isrepeat = false; foreach($fileContent_array as $key=>$val){ if($val['username'] === $username){ $isrepeat = true; break; } } if($isrepeat){ $msg = printMsg('用戶名重復',0); echo json_encode($msg); exit(); } array_push($fileContent_array,array('username'=>$username,'userpwd'=>$userpwd)); // 將存儲的用戶名密碼寫入 $fileStream = fopen($fileStr,'w'); fwrite($fileStream,json_encode($fileContent_array)); fclose($fileStream); echo json_encode(printMsg('注冊成功',1)); ?>
user.json
[{"username":"zhangsan","userpwd":"zhangsan"},{"username":"lisi","userpwd":"lisi"},{"username":"134","userpwd":"sdfsdf"},{"username":"135","userpwd":"dsff"},{"username":"136","userpwd":"dsff"},{"username":"13521554677","userpwd":"sdfsdf"},{"username":"13521557890","userpwd":"sdfsdf"},{"username":"13521557891","userpwd":"sdfsdf"},{"username":"13810701234","userpwd":"sdfsdf"},{"username":"13810709999","userpwd":"shitou051031"},{"username":"13810709998","userpwd":"sdfsdfdsf"},{"username":"13412345678","userpwd":"shitou"},{"username":"13211111111","userpwd":"111111"},{"username":"13212222222","userpwd":"111111"},{"username":"13244444444","userpwd":"444444"}]
效果圖
跳轉到登錄頁面
補充：登錄頁面時不需要檢測用戶名是否重復，可以在手機號的輸入框中添加 data-check 屬性，如果是reg，則為注冊效果；如果是login，則為登錄效果
待完成……
還有jquery的跨域實現，jsonp如何實現：
把dataType屬性設置為jsonp就可以
