1、部署分離的LAMP，部署到二台服務器上，php加載xcache模塊
首先准備LAMP環境，准備兩台Linux主機，一台是192.168.0.10 ，這台上面主要跑apache httpd ，mariadb數據庫，另外一台是192.168.0.30 ，這台上面跑php-fpm;
1)在192.168.0.10這台主機上安裝httpd和mariadb ，這個安裝可以yum安裝，也可以編譯安裝。我這里就yum安裝來演示
[root@test-centos7-node1 ~]# ip a s ens33
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:f2:82:0c brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.0.10/24 brd 192.168.0.255 scope global ens33
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fef2:820c/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@test-centos7-node1 ~]# yum install -y httpd mariadb-server
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
my_base | 3.6 kB 00:00:00
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
epel/x86_64/primary_db | 6.9 MB 00:00:00
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package httpd.x86_64 0:2.4.6-67.el7.centos will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: httpd-tools = 2.4.6-67.el7.centos for package: httpd-2.4.6-67.el7.centos.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: /etc/mime.types for package: httpd-2.4.6-67.el7.centos.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libaprutil-1.so.0()(64bit) for package: httpd-2.4.6-67.el7.centos.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libapr-1.so.0()(64bit) for package: httpd-2.4.6-67.el7.centos.x86_64
---> Package mariadb-server.x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: mariadb(x86-64) = 1:5.5.56-2.el7 for package: 1:mariadb-server-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl-DBI for package: 1:mariadb-server-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl-DBD-MySQL for package: 1:mariadb-server-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Data::Dumper) for package: 1:mariadb-server-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl(DBI) for package: 1:mariadb-server-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.4)(64bit) for package: 1:mariadb-server-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.1)(64bit) for package: 1:mariadb-server-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libaio.so.1()(64bit) for package: 1:mariadb-server-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package apr.x86_64 0:1.4.8-3.el7 will be installed
---> Package apr-util.x86_64 0:1.5.2-6.el7 will be installed
---> Package httpd-tools.x86_64 0:2.4.6-67.el7.centos will be installed
---> Package libaio.x86_64 0:0.3.109-13.el7 will be installed
---> Package mailcap.noarch 0:2.1.41-2.el7 will be installed
---> Package mariadb.x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7 will be installed
---> Package perl-DBD-MySQL.x86_64 0:4.023-5.el7 will be installed
---> Package perl-DBI.x86_64 0:1.627-4.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: perl(RPC::PlServer) >= 0.2001 for package: perl-DBI-1.627-4.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl(RPC::PlClient) >= 0.2000 for package: perl-DBI-1.627-4.el7.x86_64
---> Package perl-Data-Dumper.x86_64 0:2.145-3.el7 will be installed
--> Running transaction check
---> Package perl-PlRPC.noarch 0:0.2020-14.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Net::Daemon) >= 0.13 for package: perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Net::Daemon::Test) for package: perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Net::Daemon::Log) for package: perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Compress::Zlib) for package: perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch
--> Running transaction check
---> Package perl-IO-Compress.noarch 0:2.061-2.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Compress::Raw::Zlib) >= 2.061 for package: perl-IO-Compress-2.061-2.el7.noarch
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Compress::Raw::Bzip2) >= 2.061 for package: perl-IO-Compress-2.061-2.el7.noarch
---> Package perl-Net-Daemon.noarch 0:0.48-5.el7 will be installed
--> Running transaction check
---> Package perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2.x86_64 0:2.061-3.el7 will be installed
---> Package perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib.x86_64 1:2.061-4.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
==========================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
==========================================================================================
Installing:
httpd x86_64 2.4.6-67.el7.centos my_base 2.7 M
mariadb-server x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7 my_base 11 M
Installing for dependencies:
apr x86_64 1.4.8-3.el7 my_base 103 k
apr-util x86_64 1.5.2-6.el7 my_base 92 k
httpd-tools x86_64 2.4.6-67.el7.centos my_base 87 k
libaio x86_64 0.3.109-13.el7 my_base 24 k
mailcap noarch 2.1.41-2.el7 my_base 31 k
mariadb x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7 my_base 8.7 M
perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2 x86_64 2.061-3.el7 my_base 32 k
perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib x86_64 1:2.061-4.el7 my_base 57 k
perl-DBD-MySQL x86_64 4.023-5.el7 my_base 140 k
perl-DBI x86_64 1.627-4.el7 my_base 802 k
perl-Data-Dumper x86_64 2.145-3.el7 my_base 47 k
perl-IO-Compress noarch 2.061-2.el7 my_base 260 k
perl-Net-Daemon noarch 0.48-5.el7 my_base 51 k
perl-PlRPC noarch 0.2020-14.el7 my_base 36 k
Transaction Summary
==========================================================================================
Install 2 Packages (+14 Dependent packages)
Total download size: 24 M
Installed size: 120 M
Downloading packages:
(1/16): apr-util-1.5.2-6.el7.x86_64.rpm | 92 kB 00:00:00
(2/16): apr-1.4.8-3.el7.x86_64.rpm | 103 kB 00:00:00
(3/16): httpd-tools-2.4.6-67.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm | 87 kB 00:00:00
(4/16): libaio-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64.rpm | 24 kB 00:00:00
(5/16): mailcap-2.1.41-2.el7.noarch.rpm | 31 kB 00:00:00
(6/16): httpd-2.4.6-67.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm | 2.7 MB 00:00:00
(7/16): mariadb-server-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64.rpm | 11 MB 00:00:02
(8/16): perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2-2.061-3.el7.x86_64.rpm | 32 kB 00:00:00
(9/16): perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib-2.061-4.el7.x86_64.rpm | 57 kB 00:00:00
(10/16): mariadb-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64.rpm | 8.7 MB 00:00:03
(11/16): perl-DBD-MySQL-4.023-5.el7.x86_64.rpm | 140 kB 00:00:00
(12/16): perl-Data-Dumper-2.145-3.el7.x86_64.rpm | 47 kB 00:00:00
(13/16): perl-DBI-1.627-4.el7.x86_64.rpm | 802 kB 00:00:00
(14/16): perl-IO-Compress-2.061-2.el7.noarch.rpm | 260 kB 00:00:00
(15/16): perl-Net-Daemon-0.48-5.el7.noarch.rpm | 51 kB 00:00:00
(16/16): perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch.rpm | 36 kB 00:00:00
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 5.2 MB/s | 24 MB 00:00:04
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Installing : apr-1.4.8-3.el7.x86_64 1/16
Installing : apr-util-1.5.2-6.el7.x86_64 2/16
Installing : perl-Data-Dumper-2.145-3.el7.x86_64 3/16
Installing : httpd-tools-2.4.6-67.el7.centos.x86_64 4/16
Installing : 1:mariadb-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64 5/16
Installing : libaio-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64 6/16
Installing : perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2-2.061-3.el7.x86_64 7/16
Installing : 1:perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib-2.061-4.el7.x86_64 8/16
Installing : perl-IO-Compress-2.061-2.el7.noarch 9/16
Installing : mailcap-2.1.41-2.el7.noarch 10/16
Installing : perl-Net-Daemon-0.48-5.el7.noarch 11/16
Installing : perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch 12/16
Installing : perl-DBI-1.627-4.el7.x86_64 13/16
Installing : perl-DBD-MySQL-4.023-5.el7.x86_64 14/16
Installing : 1:mariadb-server-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64 15/16
Installing : httpd-2.4.6-67.el7.centos.x86_64 16/16
Verifying : perl-DBD-MySQL-4.023-5.el7.x86_64 1/16
Verifying : perl-Net-Daemon-0.48-5.el7.noarch 2/16
Verifying : apr-1.4.8-3.el7.x86_64 3/16
Verifying : perl-Data-Dumper-2.145-3.el7.x86_64 4/16
Verifying : httpd-2.4.6-67.el7.centos.x86_64 5/16
Verifying : mailcap-2.1.41-2.el7.noarch 6/16
Verifying : httpd-tools-2.4.6-67.el7.centos.x86_64 7/16
Verifying : apr-util-1.5.2-6.el7.x86_64 8/16
Verifying : 1:perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib-2.061-4.el7.x86_64 9/16
Verifying : perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch 10/16
Verifying : perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2-2.061-3.el7.x86_64 11/16
Verifying : 1:mariadb-server-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64 12/16
Verifying : libaio-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64 13/16
Verifying : perl-DBI-1.627-4.el7.x86_64 14/16
Verifying : perl-IO-Compress-2.061-2.el7.noarch 15/16
Verifying : 1:mariadb-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64 16/16
Installed:
httpd.x86_64 0:2.4.6-67.el7.centos mariadb-server.x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7
Dependency Installed:
apr.x86_64 0:1.4.8-3.el7
apr-util.x86_64 0:1.5.2-6.el7
httpd-tools.x86_64 0:2.4.6-67.el7.centos
libaio.x86_64 0:0.3.109-13.el7
mailcap.noarch 0:2.1.41-2.el7
mariadb.x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7
perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2.x86_64 0:2.061-3.el7
perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib.x86_64 1:2.061-4.el7
perl-DBD-MySQL.x86_64 0:4.023-5.el7
perl-DBI.x86_64 0:1.627-4.el7
perl-Data-Dumper.x86_64 0:2.145-3.el7
perl-IO-Compress.noarch 0:2.061-2.el7
perl-Net-Daemon.noarch 0:0.48-5.el7
perl-PlRPC.noarch 0:0.2020-14.el7
Complete!
[root@test-centos7-node1 ~]#
2）啟動httpd和mariadb
[root@test-centos7-node1 ~]# systemctl start httpd mariadb [root@test-centos7-node1 ~]# ss -ntl State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:* LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 *:* LISTEN 0 50 *:3306 *:* LISTEN 0 128 :::80 :::* LISTEN 0 128 :::22 :::* LISTEN 0 100 ::1:25 :::* [root@test-centos7-node1 ~]#
3)測試httpd和mariadb是否可以正常使用
[root@test-centos7-node1 ~]# echo "this is test page" > /var/www/html/index.html [root@test-centos7-node1 ~]# curl -I http://192.168.0.10/index.html HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Mon, 27 Jan 2020 11:51:44 GMT Server: Apache/2.4.6 (CentOS) Last-Modified: Mon, 27 Jan 2020 11:51:23 GMT ETag: "12-59d1db9fd910a" Accept-Ranges: bytes Content-Length: 18 Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8 [root@test-centos7-node1 ~]# mysql Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MariaDB connection id is 2 Server version: 5.5.56-MariaDB MariaDB Server Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)]> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mysql | | performance_schema | | test | +--------------------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> \q Bye [root@test-centos7-node1 ~]#
提示：可以看到httdp和mariadb是可以正常訪問的。接下來在192.168.0.30機器上安裝php-fpm
[root@test-centos7-node3 ~]# ip a s ens33
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:4a:bd:74 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.0.30/24 brd 192.168.0.255 scope global ens33
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe4a:bd74/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@test-centos7-node3 ~]# yum install -y php-fpm
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
base | 3.6 kB 00:00:00
epel | 5.3 kB 00:00:00
extras | 2.9 kB 00:00:00
updates | 2.9 kB 00:00:00
(1/4): epel/x86_64/updateinfo | 1.0 MB 00:00:00
(2/4): extras/7/x86_64/primary_db | 159 kB 00:00:00
(3/4): updates/7/x86_64/primary_db | 6.7 MB 00:00:01
(4/4): epel/x86_64/primary_db | 6.9 MB 00:00:02
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.163.com
* extras: mirrors.163.com
* updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package php-fpm.x86_64 0:5.4.16-46.1.el7_7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: php-common(x86-64) = 5.4.16-46.1.el7_7 for package: php-fpm-5.4.16-46.1.el7_7.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package php-common.x86_64 0:5.4.16-46.1.el7_7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: libzip.so.2()(64bit) for package: php-common-5.4.16-46.1.el7_7.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package libzip.x86_64 0:0.10.1-8.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
==========================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
==========================================================================================
Installing:
php-fpm x86_64 5.4.16-46.1.el7_7 updates 1.4 M
Installing for dependencies:
libzip x86_64 0.10.1-8.el7 base 48 k
php-common x86_64 5.4.16-46.1.el7_7 updates 565 k
Transaction Summary
==========================================================================================
Install 1 Package (+2 Dependent packages)
Total download size: 2.0 M
Installed size: 8.4 M
Downloading packages:
(1/3): libzip-0.10.1-8.el7.x86_64.rpm | 48 kB 00:00:00
(2/3): php-common-5.4.16-46.1.el7_7.x86_64.rpm | 565 kB 00:00:00
(3/3): php-fpm-5.4.16-46.1.el7_7.x86_64.rpm | 1.4 MB 00:00:00
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 3.1 MB/s | 2.0 MB 00:00:00
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Installing : libzip-0.10.1-8.el7.x86_64 1/3
Installing : php-common-5.4.16-46.1.el7_7.x86_64 2/3
Installing : php-fpm-5.4.16-46.1.el7_7.x86_64 3/3
Verifying : php-common-5.4.16-46.1.el7_7.x86_64 1/3
Verifying : libzip-0.10.1-8.el7.x86_64 2/3
Verifying : php-fpm-5.4.16-46.1.el7_7.x86_64 3/3
Installed:
php-fpm.x86_64 0:5.4.16-46.1.el7_7
Dependency Installed:
libzip.x86_64 0:0.10.1-8.el7 php-common.x86_64 0:5.4.16-46.1.el7_7
Complete!
[root@test-centos7-node3 ~]#
4）配置php-fpm工作在192.168.0.30的9000端口
[root@test-centos7-node3 ~]# rpm -ql php-fpm /etc/logrotate.d/php-fpm /etc/php-fpm.conf /etc/php-fpm.d /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf /etc/sysconfig/php-fpm /run/php-fpm /usr/lib/systemd/system/php-fpm.service /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/php-fpm.conf /usr/sbin/php-fpm /usr/share/doc/php-fpm-5.4.16 /usr/share/doc/php-fpm-5.4.16/fpm_LICENSE /usr/share/doc/php-fpm-5.4.16/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/share/fpm /usr/share/fpm/status.html /usr/share/man/man8/php-fpm.8.gz /var/log/php-fpm [root@test-centos7-node3 ~]# grep -i "listen" /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf ; 'ip.add.re.ss:port' - to listen on a TCP socket to a specific address on ; 'port' - to listen on a TCP socket to all addresses on a ; '/path/to/unix/socket' - to listen on a unix socket. #listen = 127.0.0.1:9000 listen = 192.168.0.30:9000 ; Set listen(2) backlog. A value of '-1' means unlimited. ;listen.backlog = -1 ; PHP FCGI (5.2.2+). Makes sense only with a tcp listening socket. Each address #listen.allowed_clients = 127.0.0.1 ;listen.owner = nobody ;listen.group = nobody ;listen.mode = 0666 [root@test-centos7-node3 ~]#
5）啟動php-fpm
[root@test-centos7-node3 ~]# systemctl start php-fpm [root@test-centos7-node3 ~]# ss -ntl State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:* LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 *:* LISTEN 0 128 192.168.0.30:9000 *:* LISTEN 0 128 :::22 :::* LISTEN 0 100 ::1:25 :::* [root@test-centos7-node3 ~]#
提示：可以看到php-fpm啟動起來了，並且監聽在192.168.0.30的9000端口上，接下來我們配置httpd，請求.php結尾的資源都交給192.168.0.30：9000執行
6）配置httpd的請求.php的資源能夠連接至192.168.0.30：9000
[root@test-centos7-node1 ~]# httpd -M |grep fcgi AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using fe80::20c:29ff:fef2:820c. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message proxy_fcgi_module (shared) [root@test-centos7-node1 ~]# cat /etc/httpd/conf.d/fcgi.conf DirectoryIndex index.php ProxyRequests Off ProxyPassMatch ^/(.*\.php)$ fcgi://192.168.0.30:9000/var/www/html/$1 [root@test-centos7-node1 ~]#
提示：如果沒有加載proxy_fcgi_module需要先加載此模塊，然后才能夠代理fcgi協議
7）在192.168.0.30上新建一個php測試頁面，然后訪問192.168.0.10/teset.php，如果能夠將測試頁面解析出來，說明httpd和php-fpm是連接正常的
[root@test-centos7-node3 ~]# ip a s ens33
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:4a:bd:74 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.0.30/24 brd 192.168.0.255 scope global ens33
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe4a:bd74/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@test-centos7-node3 ~]# ll /var/www/html
ls: cannot access /var/www/html: No such file or directory
[root@test-centos7-node3 ~]# mkdir /var/www/html -p
[root@test-centos7-node3 ~]# cat > /var/www/html/test.php
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
^C
[root@test-centos7-node3 ~]# cat /var/www/html/test.php
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
[root@test-centos7-node3 ~]#
8）重新啟動httpd，然后訪問192.168.10/test.php
[root@test-centos7-node1 ~]# systemctl restart httpd [root@test-centos7-node1 ~]# curl -I http://192.168.0.10/test.php HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Mon, 27 Jan 2020 12:54:56 GMT Server: Apache/2.4.6 (CentOS) X-Powered-By: PHP/5.4.16 Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8 [root@test-centos7-node1 ~]#
提示：到此LAP環境已經搭建好了，但是php-fpm是不支持xcode的，接下來我們來安裝xcache模塊
9）安裝xcache模塊
[root@test-centos7-node3 ~]# yum install -y php-xcache Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.163.com * extras: mirrors.163.com * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package php-xcache.x86_64 0:3.1.1-1.el7 will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ========================================================================================== Package Arch Version Repository Size ========================================================================================== Installing: php-xcache x86_64 3.1.1-1.el7 epel 72 k Transaction Summary ========================================================================================== Install 1 Package Total download size: 72 k Installed size: 187 k Downloading packages: php-xcache-3.1.1-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 72 kB 00:00:00 Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transaction Installing : php-xcache-3.1.1-1.el7.x86_64 1/1 Verifying : php-xcache-3.1.1-1.el7.x86_64 1/1 Installed: php-xcache.x86_64 0:3.1.1-1.el7 Complete! [root@test-centos7-node3 ~]#
提示：當然xcache這個模塊我們可以編譯安裝。
10）重啟php-fpm，然后訪問測試頁，看看是不是支持xcache
[root@test-centos7-node3 ~]# systemctl restart php-fpm [root@test-centos7-node3 ~]#
提示：通過訪問測試頁面，我們看到了php-fpm支持了xcache,到此php部分就搭建完畢了，接下來我們要來利用php連接數據庫
11)安裝php-mysql 此包用於php連接mysql數據庫
[root@test-centos7-node3 ~]# yum install -y php-mysql Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.163.com * extras: mirrors.163.com * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package php-mysql.x86_64 0:5.4.16-46.1.el7_7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: php-pdo(x86-64) = 5.4.16-46.1.el7_7 for package: php-mysql-5.4.16-46.1.el7_7.x86_64 --> Running transaction check ---> Package php-pdo.x86_64 0:5.4.16-46.1.el7_7 will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ========================================================================================== Package Arch Version Repository Size ========================================================================================== Installing: php-mysql x86_64 5.4.16-46.1.el7_7 updates 101 k Installing for dependencies: php-pdo x86_64 5.4.16-46.1.el7_7 updates 99 k Transaction Summary ========================================================================================== Install 1 Package (+1 Dependent package) Total download size: 201 k Installed size: 424 k Downloading packages: (1/2): php-mysql-5.4.16-46.1.el7_7.x86_64.rpm | 101 kB 00:00:00 (2/2): php-pdo-5.4.16-46.1.el7_7.x86_64.rpm | 99 kB 00:00:00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Total 513 kB/s | 201 kB 00:00:00 Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transaction Installing : php-pdo-5.4.16-46.1.el7_7.x86_64 1/2 Installing : php-mysql-5.4.16-46.1.el7_7.x86_64 2/2 Verifying : php-mysql-5.4.16-46.1.el7_7.x86_64 1/2 Verifying : php-pdo-5.4.16-46.1.el7_7.x86_64 2/2 Installed: php-mysql.x86_64 0:5.4.16-46.1.el7_7 Dependency Installed: php-pdo.x86_64 0:5.4.16-46.1.el7_7 Complete! [root@test-centos7-node3 ~]#
12）在192.168.0.10的mariadb數據庫里添加一個帳號，用於php測試連接數據庫用
[root@test-centos7-node1 ~]# mysql Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MariaDB connection id is 4 Server version: 5.5.56-MariaDB MariaDB Server Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)]> grant all on *.* to 'php_test'@'192.168.0.%' identified by 'admin'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> \q Bye [root@test-centos7-node1 ~]#
13）在php-fpm服務器上添加一個測試頁，用於測試php-fpm是否能夠連接數據庫
[root@test-centos7-node3 html]# pwd
/var/www/html
[root@test-centos7-node3 html]# ll
total 8
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 159 Feb 14 07:21 test_conn_mysql.php
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 20 Feb 14 06:40 test.php
[root@test-centos7-node3 html]# cat test_conn_mysql.php
<?php
$mysqli=new mysqli("192.168.0.10","php_test","admin");
if(mysqli_connect_errno()){
echo "Failure";
$mysqli=null;
exit;
}
echo "OK\n";
$mysqli->close();
?>
[root@test-centos7-node3 html]#
14）重啟php-fpm，然后再訪問http://192.168.0.10/test_conn_mysql.php
[root@test-centos7-node3 html]# curl http://192.168.0.10/test_conn_mysql.php OK [root@test-centos7-node3 html]#
提示：可以看到我們訪問測試連接數據庫的腳本文件能夠正常連接到數據庫，到此LAMP的環境就搭建完畢了。
2、部署wordpress論壇，並實現正常訪問登錄論壇。
1）下載wordpress源碼包，然后把源碼放到我們剛才搭建的LAMP環境中。
[root@test-centos7-node1 ~]# ip a s ens33
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:f2:82:0c brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.0.10/24 brd 192.168.0.255 scope global ens33
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fef2:820c/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@test-centos7-node1 ~]# cd /var/www/html/
[root@test-centos7-node1 html]# ls
[root@test-centos7-node1 html]# rz
rz waiting to receive.
zmodem trl+C ȡ
100% 7989 KB 7989 KB/s 00:00:01 0 Errorstar.gz...
Transferring wordpress-4.5.1-zh_CN.tar.gz...
[root@test-centos7-node1 html]# ls
wordpress-4.5.1-zh_CN.tar.gz
[root@test-centos7-node1 html]# tar xf wordpress-4.5.1-zh_CN.tar.gz
[root@test-centos7-node1 html]#
提示：在192.168.0.10上放一份源碼的原因是httpd的靜態頁面是不會往后面的php-fpm服務器轉的，所以我們放程序源碼除了httpd上要放一份外，php-fpm服務器上也要放一份
[root@test-centos7-node3 ~]# ip a s ens33
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:4a:bd:74 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.0.30/24 brd 192.168.0.255 scope global ens33
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe4a:bd74/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@test-centos7-node3 ~]# cd /var/www/html/
[root@test-centos7-node3 html]# ls
pdo.php test_conn_mysql.php test.php
[root@test-centos7-node3 html]# rm -rf *
[root@test-centos7-node3 html]# ls
[root@test-centos7-node3 html]# rz
rz waiting to receive.
zmodem trl+C ȡ
100% 7989 KB 7989 KB/s 00:00:01 0 Errorstar.gz...
[root@test-centos7-node3 html]# tar xf wordpress-4.5.1-zh_CN.tar.gz
[root@test-centos7-node3 html]# ls
wordpress wordpress-4.5.1-zh_CN.tar.gz
[root@test-centos7-node3 html]#
提示：放好源碼文件后，我們要在數據庫里創建一個庫來存放wordpress程序的數據
2）在數據庫里創建一個數據庫用於存放wordpress的各種數據
[root@test-centos7-node1 html]# mysql Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MariaDB connection id is 36 Server version: 5.5.56-MariaDB MariaDB Server Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)]> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mysql | | performance_schema | | test | +--------------------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> create database wordpress; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> grant all on wordpress.* to wordpress@'192.168.0.%' identified by 'admin'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> \q Bye [root@test-centos7-node1 html]#
提示：為了安全，我們在數據庫里專門創建了一個用戶用於wordpress程序連接數據庫用
接下來我們就可以通過瀏覽器來安裝wordpress
提示：它提示不能寫入wp-config.php，我們需要對httpd運行的用戶來進行授權，讓其對wordpress目錄有寫操作即可
[root@test-centos7-node3 html]# setfacl -R -m u:apache:rwx wordpress [root@test-centos7-node3 html]# getfacl wordpress # file: wordpress # owner: nobody # group: 65534 user::rwx user:apache:rwx group::r-x mask::rwx other::r-x [root@test-centos7-node3 html]#
提示：我們授權其實在php-fpm上面授權即可。授權后我們就可以刷新剛才的安裝頁面，進行安裝
到此wordpress就搭建完畢了，后續就可以通過以上界面管理wordpress
3、收集apache訪問日志，並實現圖形化展示。
首先說一下實現過程吧，要想圖形化展示日志，我們可以利用rsyslog的前端展示工具loganalyzer來展示。用這個工具它是基於LAMP架構來實現的，在這之前我們先把apache的訪問日志交給rsyslog，rsyslog再把對應的日志寫到數據庫里，然后通過日志展示工具loganalyzer去數據庫把日志對出來，然后展示出來。
1）配置httpd的日志，把錯誤日志傳給syslog:local1，把訪問日志通過管道傳給logger，然后logger再把它傳給 local2
[root@test-centos7-node1 ~]# grep -E "^Error" /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
ErrorLog syslog:local1
[root@test-centos7-node1 ~]# grep -E "^[[:space:]]*CustomLog" /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
CustomLog "|/usr/bin/logger -p local2.info" combined
[root@test-centos7-node1 ~]#
提示：以上配置就是把httpd的訪問日志傳給local1 ，把訪問日志傳給local2，local1和local2是rsyslog的自定義日志設施
2）安裝rsyslog-mysql，這個包主要是用於rsyslog連接數據庫的一個模塊，除此以外還有一個創建數據庫和表的SQL腳本，用此腳本可以創建存放日志的庫和表
[root@test-centos7-node1 ~]# yum install -y rsyslog-mysql Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package rsyslog-mysql.x86_64 0:8.24.0-12.el7 will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ================================================================================================================================== Package Arch Version Repository Size ================================================================================================================================== Installing: rsyslog-mysql x86_64 8.24.0-12.el7 my_base 35 k Transaction Summary ================================================================================================================================== Install 1 Package Total download size: 35 k Installed size: 20 k Downloading packages: rsyslog-mysql-8.24.0-12.el7.x86_64.rpm | 35 kB 00:00:00 Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transaction Installing : rsyslog-mysql-8.24.0-12.el7.x86_64 1/1 Verifying : rsyslog-mysql-8.24.0-12.el7.x86_64 1/1 Installed: rsyslog-mysql.x86_64 0:8.24.0-12.el7 Complete! [root@test-centos7-node1 ~]# rpm -ql rsyslog-mysql /usr/lib64/rsyslog/ommysql.so /usr/share/doc/rsyslog-8.24.0/mysql-createDB.sql [root@test-centos7-node1 ~]#
3）導入數據庫和表，然后在其數據庫里創建一個用於rsyslog連接數據庫的專有賬號
[root@test-centos7-node1 ~]# rpm -ql rsyslog-mysql /usr/lib64/rsyslog/ommysql.so /usr/share/doc/rsyslog-8.24.0/mysql-createDB.sql [root@test-centos7-node1 ~]# mysql < /usr/share/doc/rsyslog-8.24.0/mysql-createDB.sql [root@test-centos7-node1 ~]# mysql Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MariaDB connection id is 60 Server version: 5.5.56-MariaDB MariaDB Server Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)]> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | Syslog | | mysql | | performance_schema | | test | | wordpress | +--------------------+ 6 rows in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> use Syslog Reading table information for completion of table and column names You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A Database changed MariaDB [Syslog]> show tables; +------------------------+ | Tables_in_Syslog | +------------------------+ | SystemEvents | | SystemEventsProperties | +------------------------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [Syslog]> grant all on Syslog.* to rsyslog@'192.168.0.%' identified by 'admin'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) MariaDB [Syslog]> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) MariaDB [Syslog]> \q Bye [root@test-centos7-node1 ~]#
4）配置rsyslog加載ommysql模塊將local1、local2收集的日志存入數據庫中
[root@test-centos7-node1 ~]# grep "ommysql" /etc/rsyslog.conf $ModLoad ommysql local1.* :ommysql:192.168.0.10,Syslog,rsyslog,admin local2.* :ommysql:192.168.0.10,Syslog,rsyslog,admin [root@test-centos7-node1 ~]#
5）重啟rsyslog和httpd后訪問httpd服務，然后在其數據庫里查看對應的表里是否存有日志
[root@test-centos7-node1 ~]# systemctl restart rsyslog httpd [root@test-centos7-node1 ~]# curl -I http://192.168.0.10/wordpress HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently Date: Mon, 27 Jan 2020 17:08:30 GMT Server: Apache/2.4.6 (CentOS) Location: http://192.168.0.10/wordpress/ Content-Type: text/html; charset=iso-8859-1 [root@test-centos7-node1 ~]# mysql Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MariaDB connection id is 12 Server version: 5.5.56-MariaDB MariaDB Server Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)]> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | Syslog | | mysql | | performance_schema | | test | | wordpress | +--------------------+ 6 rows in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> use Syslog Reading table information for completion of table and column names You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A Database changed MariaDB [Syslog]> show tables; +------------------------+ | Tables_in_Syslog | +------------------------+ | SystemEvents | | SystemEventsProperties | +------------------------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [Syslog]> select * from SystemEvents; +----+------------+---------------------+---------------------+----------+----------+--------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------+------------+-------------+-----------+---------------+---------+-----------------+--------------+-----------+----------+----------+------------+-----------+--------------+-----------------+----------+ | ID | CustomerID | ReceivedAt | DeviceReportedTime | Facility | Priority | FromHost | Message | NTSeverity | Importance | EventSource | EventUser | EventCategory | EventID | EventBinaryData | MaxAvailable | CurrUsage | MinUsage | MaxUsage | InfoUnitID | SysLogTag | EventLogType | GenericFileName | SystemID | +----+------------+---------------------+---------------------+----------+----------+--------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------+------------+-------------+-----------+---------------+---------+-----------------+--------------+-----------+----------+----------+------------+-----------+--------------+-----------------+----------+ | 1 | NULL | 2020-01-27 12:08:30 | 2020-01-27 12:08:30 | 18 | 6 | test-centos7-node1 | 192.168.0.10 - - [27/Jan/2020:12:08:30 -0500] "HEAD /wordpress HTTP/1.1" 301 - "-" "curl/7.29.0" | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 1 | logger: | NULL | NULL | NULL | +----+------------+---------------------+---------------------+----------+----------+--------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------+------------+-------------+-----------+---------------+---------+-----------------+--------------+-----------+----------+----------+------------+-----------+--------------+-----------------+----------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [Syslog]>
提示：可以看到數據庫里已經有我們剛才的訪問日志了。到此收集日志記錄到數據庫的過程就實現了，接下來我們把前端展示工具搭建好就可以把數據庫里的日志展示出來
6）上傳loganalyzer到/var/ww/html/下，並解壓（注意在httpd服務器上放一份的同時php-fpm服務器上也放一份）
[root@test-centos7-node1 html]# ls wordpress [root@test-centos7-node1 html]# rz rz waiting to receive. zmodem trl+C ȡ 100% 1022 KB 1022 KB/s 00:00:01 0 Errorsgz... [root@test-centos7-node1 html]# tar xf loganalyzer-3.6.5.tar.gz [root@test-centos7-node1 html]# ls loganalyzer-3.6.5 loganalyzer-3.6.5.tar.gz wordpress [root@test-centos7-node1 html]# cd loganalyzer-3.6.5 [root@test-centos7-node1 loganalyzer-3.6.5]# ls ChangeLog contrib COPYING doc INSTALL src [root@test-centos7-node1 loganalyzer-3.6.5]# cp -a src ../log [root@test-centos7-node1 loganalyzer-3.6.5]# cd .. [root@test-centos7-node1 html]# ls log loganalyzer-3.6.5 loganalyzer-3.6.5.tar.gz wordpress [root@test-centos7-node1 html]# scp -r log 192.168.0.30:/var/www/html/ root@192.168.0.30's password: install.php 100% 41KB 1.0MB/s 00:00 export.php 100% 12KB 309.3KB/s 00:00 searchhelpers.js 100% 6181 1.5MB/s 00:00 common.js 100% 9434 2.0MB/s 00:00 reports.php 100% 4146 110.2KB/s 00:00 details.php 100% 16KB 2.6MB/s 00:00 defaults.css 100% 2039 521.7KB/s 00:00 highlight.css 100% 1032 314.3KB/s 00:00 menu.css 100% 1194 25.9KB/s 00:00 msgparser.class.php 100% 2425 73.3KB/s 00:00 logstreamconfigmongodb.class.php 100% 2573 420.8KB/s 00:00 logstreamconfig.class.php 100% 5439 904.0KB/s 00:00 msgparser.apache2common.class.php ……省略部分內容
7）用瀏覽器訪問192.168.0.10/log安裝loganalyzer
提示：上面安裝界面提示我們沒有config.php文件，需要我們新建一個這樣的文件，並且權限得是666的權限
[root@test-centos7-node3 ~]# cd /var/www/html/ [root@test-centos7-node3 html]# ls log wordpress [root@test-centos7-node3 html]# cd log/ [root@test-centos7-node3 log]# ls admin classes details.php images js reports.php themes asktheoracle.php convert.php doc include lang search.php userchange.php BitstreamVeraFonts cron export.php index.php login.php statistics.php chartgenerator.php css favicon.ico install.php reportgenerator.php templates [root@test-centos7-node3 log]# touch config.php [root@test-centos7-node3 log]# chmod 666 config.php [root@test-centos7-node3 log]#
提示：把需要的文件創建好，授好權后，我們點擊recheck
提示：安裝完畢后，它提示我們錯誤500，我們知道錯誤500是服務器內部錯誤，我們需要在php-fpm上面找原因，我們先看看php-fpm的錯誤日志吧
[root@test-centos7-node3 log]# cd /var/log/php-fpm/ [root@test-centos7-node3 php-fpm]# ls error.log www-error.log [root@test-centos7-node3 php-fpm]# tail www-error.log [14-Feb-2020 16:00:06 UTC] PHP Notice: Undefined index: ViewStringCharacterLimit in /var/www/html/log/install.php on line 800 [14-Feb-2020 16:00:06 UTC] PHP Notice: Undefined index: ViewEntriesPerPage in /var/www/html/log/install.php on line 801 [14-Feb-2020 16:00:06 UTC] PHP Notice: Undefined index: ViewEnableDetailPopups in /var/www/html/log/install.php on line 802 [14-Feb-2020 16:00:06 UTC] PHP Notice: Undefined index: EnableIPAddressResolve in /var/www/html/log/install.php on line 803 [14-Feb-2020 16:00:06 UTC] PHP Notice: Undefined index: UserDBEnabled in /var/www/html/log/install.php on line 904 [14-Feb-2020 16:00:06 UTC] PHP Warning: Unknown: open(/var/lib/php/session/sess_b7f7ckbngimv44nhs20dpl7807, O_RDWR) failed: No such file or directory (2) in Unknown on line 0 [14-Feb-2020 16:00:06 UTC] PHP Warning: Unknown: Failed to write session data (files). Please verify that the current setting of session.save_path is correct (/var/lib/php/session) in Unknown on line 0 [14-Feb-2020 16:00:48 UTC] PHP Parse error: syntax error, unexpected ';' in /var/www/html/log/config.php on line 86 [14-Feb-2020 16:00:48 UTC] PHP Warning: Unknown: open(/var/lib/php/session/sess_b7f7ckbngimv44nhs20dpl7807, O_RDWR) failed: No such file or directory (2) in Unknown on line 0 [14-Feb-2020 16:00:48 UTC] PHP Warning: Unknown: Failed to write session data (files). Please verify that the current setting of session.save_path is correct (/var/lib/php/session) in Unknown on line 0 [root@test-centos7-node3 php-fpm]#
說明：php-fpm錯誤日志提示我們說/var/www/html/log/config.php的第86行語法錯誤
提示：前三個值是我們設置安裝loganalyzer的第三步，它這里沒有寫進來，我們需要手動填一下即可
提示：修改好后，我們在用瀏覽器訪問下192.168.0.10/log看看問題解決沒有
提示：還是告訴我們錯誤500，我們再來看看php-fpm的錯誤日志，看看它提示我們那里錯了
提示：它又告訴我們99行有錯誤，我們去看看呢
提示：這個錯誤和上面一樣，沒有給值，我們可以從后面的解釋看看，這個表示什么；它說如果啟用，將自動解析IP地址內聯消息，並將結果添加到IP后面的括號{}中；那說明這選項要么啟動，要么關閉，那我們就填一個1啟用嘛
提示：我們改完配置文件后，保存在用瀏覽器訪問192.168.0.10/log看看現在是否可以訪問了
提示：可以看到是可以訪問了，我們看到我們訪問httpd的日志都有記錄，並顯示在我們搭建的loganalyzer上面
我們點擊statistics可能沒有圖標展示，這是因為我們的服務器上沒有安裝php-gd這個包，安裝好了，重啟php-fpm后，在刷新就有了
[root@test-centos7-node3 log]# yum install php-gd -y [root@test-centos7-node3 log]# systemctl restart php-fpm
提示：我們才搭建好數據量很少，所以看到畫的圖也不是很好。我們可以把其他主機的日志也接入到數據庫中，當數據量比較大時，我們看統計圖就可以看到那個主機的日志占比等等信息。如下
到此我們就把httpd的訪問日志用rsyslog給收集到數據庫中，然后通過loganalyzer 給圖形化展示出來了。