基本概念
os.path.split()通過一對鏈表的頭和尾來划分路徑名。鏈表的tail是是最后的路徑名元素。head則是它前面的元素。
舉個例子：
path name = '/home/User/Desktop/file.txt'
在上面的這個例子中，路徑名字file.txt稱之為tail 路徑‘/home/User/Desktop/’ 稱之為head。tail部分永遠不會包含斜杠符號。如果這個路徑名字以斜杠結束，那么tail就是為空。
如果沒有斜杠在路徑中，那么head是為空的。下面是詳細的參數：
path head tail
'/home/user/Desktop/file.txt' '/home/user/Desktop/' 'file.txt'
'/home/user/Desktop/' '/home/user/Desktop/' {empty}
'file.txt' {empty} 'file.txt'
實例分析
1 實例一：
# Python program to explain os.path.split() method
# importing os module
import os
# path
path = '/home/User/Desktop/file.txt'
# Split the path in
# head and tail pair
head_tail = os.path.split(path)
# print head and tail
# of the specified path
print("Head of '% s:'" % path, head_tail[0])
print("Tail of '% s:'" % path, head_tail[1], "\n")
# path
path = '/home/User/Desktop/'
# Split the path in
# head and tail pair
head_tail = os.path.split(path)
# print head and tail
# of the specified path
print("Head of '% s:'" % path, head_tail[0])
print("Tail of '% s:'" % path, head_tail[1], "\n")
# path
path = 'file.txt'
# Split the path in
# head and tail pair
head_tail = os.path.split(path)
# print head and tail
# of the specified path
print("Head of '% s:'" % path, head_tail[0])
print("Tail of '% s:'" % path, head_tail[1])
2 結果：
Head of '/home/User/Desktop/file.txt': /home/User/Desktop
Tail of '/home/User/Desktop/file.txt': file.txt
Head of '/home/User/Desktop/': /home/User/Desktop
Tail of '/home/User/Desktop/':
Head of 'file.txt':
Tail of 'file.txt': file.txt
3 實例二
# Python program to explain os.path.split() method
# importing os module
import os
# path
path = ''
# Split the path in
# head and tail pair
head_tail = os.path.split(path)
# print head and tail
# of the specified path
print("Head of '% s':" % path, head_tail[0])
print("Tail of '% s':" % path, head_tail[1])
# os.path.split() function
# will return empty
# head and tail if
# specified path is empty
4 測試結果：
Head of '':
Tail of '':
參考文檔
1 經典案例