環境說明：
| 主機名 | 操作系統版本 | ip | 默認網關 | 網卡名 | 目的地址1 | 目的地址2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| centos7.6 | Centos 7.6.1810 | 172.27.9.135 | 172.27.9.254 | ens33 | 172.28.105.0/24 | 172.28.214.17/32 |
一、臨時方式
1. 查看路由和ip
[root@centos7 ~]# route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 0.0.0.0 172.27.9.254 0.0.0.0 UG 100 0 0 ens33 10.244.0.0 10.244.0.0 255.255.255.0 UG 0 0 0 flannel.1 10.244.1.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 cni0 10.244.2.0 10.244.2.0 255.255.255.0 UG 0 0 0 flannel.1 172.17.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 docker0 172.27.9.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 100 0 0 ens33 [root@centos7 ~]# ip a 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000 link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:7a:68:80 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 172.27.9.135/24 brd 172.27.9.255 scope global noprefixroute ens33 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe7a:6880/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 3: docker0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default link/ether 02:42:bc:7f:3b:6b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 172.17.0.1/16 brd 172.17.255.255 scope global docker0 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 4: flannel.1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1450 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default link/ether 96:fb:38:22:16:63 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 10.244.1.0/32 scope global flannel.1 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::94fb:38ff:fe22:1663/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 5: cni0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1450 qdisc noqueue state UP group default qlen 1000 link/ether a6:93:72:c1:bc:6e brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 10.244.1.1/24 scope global cni0 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::a493:72ff:fec1:bc6e/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 6: vethcc8de5ce@if3: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1450 qdisc noqueue master cni0 state UP group default link/ether 1e:70:7e:e4:47:c6 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netnsid 0 inet6 fe80::1c70:7eff:fee4:47c6/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever2. 新增靜態路由
新增到目的地址1的靜態路由
[root@centos7 ~]# ip route add 172.28.105.0/24 via 172.27.9.254 dev ens33
新增到目的地址2的靜態路由
[root@centos7 ~]# ip route add 172.28.214.17/32 via 172.27.9.254 dev ens33查看路由信息
[root@centos7 ~]# route -n
二、永久方式
實現的形式有兩種
1. 實現形式1
新增或編輯配置文件route-interfacename，interfacename為網卡名，本文為ens33
[root@centos7 ~]# view /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/route-ens33 ADDRESS0=172.28.105.0 NETMASK0=255.255.255.0 GATEWAY0=172.27.9.254 ADDRESS1=172.28.214.17 NETMASK1=255.255.255.255 GATEWAY1=172.27.9.254注意序號為0和1
重啟網絡
[root@centos7 ~]# systemctl restart network
2. 實現形式2
[root@centos7 ~]# view /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/route-ens33 172.28.105.0/24 via 172.27.9.254 dev ens33 172.28.214.17/32 via 172.27.9.254 dev ens33重啟網絡
[root@centos7 ~]# systemctl restart network
三、刪除靜態路由
1. 刪除路由
[root@centos7 ~]# ip route del 172.28.105.0/24 [root@centos7 ~]# ip route del 172.28.214.17/32 [root@centos7 ~]# route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 0.0.0.0 172.27.9.254 0.0.0.0 UG 100 0 0 ens33 10.244.0.0 10.244.0.0 255.255.255.0 UG 0 0 0 flannel.1 10.244.1.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 cni0 10.244.2.0 10.244.2.0 255.255.255.0 UG 0 0 0 flannel.1 172.17.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 docker0 172.27.9.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 100 0 0 ens33該方式會立即刪除靜態路由
2. 清除配置
rm route-ens33或者echo > route-ens33或者注釋該配置文件的路由條目
#ADDRESS0=172.28.105.0 #NETMASK0=255.255.255.0 #GATEWAY0=172.27.9.254 #ADDRESS1=172.28.214.17 #NETMASK1=255.255.255.255 #GATEWAY1=172.27.9.254下次重啟時，靜態路由永久刪除
四、注意事項
- 添加永久靜態路由方式一中要注意序號，由0開始依次新增，序號不能跳，若只有一條路由則序號為0；
- 兩種永久方式不可以混用，否則配置的路由條目不會完全生效；
- 通過編輯配置文件/etc/rc.local，開機自啟動方式新增靜態路由方式不生效；