目錄
一 Kubernetes常用命令
1 獲取命令
kubectl --help
Basic Commands (Beginner):
create Create a resource from a file or from stdin.
expose Take a replication controller, service, deployment or pod and expose it as a new Kubernetes Service
run Run a particular image on the cluster
set Set specific features on objects
Basic Commands (Intermediate):
explain Documentation of resources
get Display one or many resources
edit Edit a resource on the server
delete Delete resources by filenames, stdin, resources and names, or by resources and label selector
Deploy Commands:
rollout Manage the rollout of a resource
scale Set a new size for a Deployment, ReplicaSet, Replication Controller, or Job
autoscale Auto-scale a Deployment, ReplicaSet, or ReplicationController
Cluster Management Commands:
certificate Modify certificate resources.
cluster-info Display cluster info
top Display Resource (CPU/Memory/Storage) usage.
cordon Mark node as unschedulable
uncordon Mark node as schedulable
drain Drain node in preparation for maintenance
taint Update the taints on one or more nodes
Troubleshooting and Debugging Commands:
describe Show details of a specific resource or group of resources
logs Print the logs for a container in a pod
attach Attach to a running container
exec Execute a command in a container
port-forward Forward one or more local ports to a pod
proxy Run a proxy to the Kubernetes API server
cp Copy files and directories to and from containers.
auth Inspect authorization
Advanced Commands:
apply Apply a configuration to a resource by filename or stdin
patch Update field(s) of a resource using strategic merge patch
replace Replace a resource by filename or stdin
wait Experimental: Wait for a specific condition on one or many resources.
convert Convert config files between different API versions
Settings Commands:
label Update the labels on a resource
annotate Update the annotations on a resource
completion Output shell completion code for the specified shell (bash or zsh)
Other Commands:
alpha Commands for features in alpha
api-resources Print the supported API resources on the server
api-versions Print the supported API versions on the server, in the form of "group/version"
config Modify kubeconfig files
plugin Provides utilities for interacting with plugins.
version Print the client and server version information
1.1 獲取子命令
kubectl <command> --help
kubectl create --help
2 常用命令介紹
2.1 run
創建容器鏡像
1：啟動nginx實例
kubectl run nginx --image=nginx
2：啟動nginx實例，暴露容器端口80，設置副本數2
kubectl run nginx --image=nginx --port=80 --replicas=2
2.2 expose
為Pod資源創建一個service
1：為nginx創建service，並通過Service的80端口轉發至容器的80端口上
kubectl expose deployment nginx --name=nginx --port=80 --target-port==80
2.3 create
創建一個集群資源對象（Pod,Service,job,configMap,namespace...）
1：基於命令創建資源對象
kubectl create deployment my-dep --image=busybox
kubectl create service clusterip my-cs --tcp=5678:8080
2：基於文件創建資源對象
kubectl create -f pod.yaml
kubectl create -f service.yaml
2.4 delete
刪除資源對象（Pod,Service,job,configMap,namespace...）
1：基於命令刪除資源對象
kubectl delete deployment my-dep
kubectl delete service my-cs
2：基於文件刪除資源對象
kubectl delete -f pod.yaml
kubectl delete -f service.yaml
2.5 apply
創建一個集群資源對象（Pod,Service,job,configMap,namespace...）
1：基於文件創建資源對象
kubectl apply -f pod.yaml
kubectl apply -f service.yaml
2：apply與create區別
kubectl apply -f FILENAME 可多次執行，每次修改資源清單后，使用apply可直接部署
kubectl create -f FILENAME 不可多次執行，每次修改資源清單后，需要先刪除資源后才能部署
推薦使用apply部署資源對象，delete刪除資源對象
2.6 get
獲取資源信息（Pod,Service,job,configMap,namespace...）
1：列出所有運行的Pod信息，列出kube-system命令空間中運行的Pod
kubectl get pods
kubectl get pods -n kube-system
2：列出Pod以及運行Pod節點信息
kubectl get pods -o wide
3：以JSON格式輸出一個pod信息
kubectl get pod nginx -o json
4：列出所有replication controllers,deployment和service信息
kubectl get rc
kubectl get deployment
kubectl get services
5：列出所有不同的資源對象
kubectl get all
6：列出集群組件運行狀態信息
kubectl get cs
2.7 explain
列出支持的資源的字段，用於資源清單文件編寫資料查看<.yaml>（Pod,Service,job,configMap,namespace...）
1：獲取pods/service支持的資源字段
kubectl explain pods
kubectl explain service
2：獲取pods資源下spec資源支持的字段
kubectl explain pods。spec
2.8 describe
顯示特定資源的信息
1：顯示pods nginx的詳細信息
kubectl describe pods nginx
2：顯示service nginx的詳細信息
kubectl describe svc nginx
3：顯示節點1的詳細信息
kubectl describe node k8s-node1
2.9 scale
擴縮Pod數量（擴容或縮容 Deployment、ReplicaSet、Replication Controller或 Job 中Pod數量）
1：將名為nginx的pod副本數設置為3
kubectl scale --replicas=3 deployment nginx
2：將名為nginx的pod副本數設置為1
kubectl scale --replicas=1 deployment nginx
2.10 set
配置應用資源（升級、回滾等）
1：設置名為nginx的pod運行的鏡像為：nginx:1.14-alpine
kubectl set image deployment nginx nginx=nginx:1.14-alpine
2.11 rollout
對資源進行管理
1：查看歷史版本
kubectl rollout history deployment nginx
2：暫停資源 （）只要deployment在暫停中，使用deployment更新將不會生效）
kubectl rollout pause deployment nginx
3：恢復暫停資源
kubectl rollout resume deployment nginx
4：查看資源狀態
kubectl rollout status deployment nginx
5：回滾版本
kubectl rollout undo deployment nginx
2.12 exec
在容器中執行命令
1：連接Pod終端
kubectl exec -it PODNAME -- sh
2：連接kube-system命名空間中的Pod終端
kubectl exec -it -n kube-system PODNAME -- sh
2.13 logs
打印Pod日志：
1：查看Pod日志
kubectl logs PODNAME
2.14 cp
拷貝文件
1： 從msster節點拷貝文件到Pod
kubectl cp /etc/fstab PODNAME:/tmp
2：從Pod節點拷貝文件到msster
kubectl cp PODNAME:/tmp /etc/fstab