Selenium(四)：操作瀏覽器和獲取當前頁面屬性

一、操縱瀏覽器基本方法

from seleniuim import webdriver

driver = webdriver.Chrome()

# 設置頁面加載超時時間
driver.set_page_load_timeout(10)

# 加載頁面
dirver.get(url)

# 后退，跳轉前一個頁面
driver.back

# 前進，跳轉歷史記錄的下一個頁面
driver.forward

# 刷新當前頁面
driver.refresh

# 獲取當前html頁面title標簽的文本信息
driver.title

# 獲取當前頁面url
driver.current_url

# 獲取當前html源碼
driver.page_source

# 獲取當前頁面句柄
driver.current_window_handle

# 獲取所有頁面的句柄
driver.window_handles

# 切換frame
driver.switch_to_frame

# 切換默認上下文
driver.switch_to_default_content

# 切換alert警告框
driver.switch_to_alert

二、相關源碼：

\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\remote\webdriver.py

class WebDriver(object):

    def get(self, url):
        """
        Loads a web page in the current browser session.
        """
        self.execute(Command.GET, {'url': url})
        

    def set_page_load_timeout(self, time_to_wait):
        """
        Set the amount of time to wait for a page load to complete
           before throwing an error.

        :Args:
         - time_to_wait: The amount of time to wait

        :Usage:
            driver.set_page_load_timeout(30)
        """
        try:
            self.execute(Command.SET_TIMEOUTS, {
                'pageLoad': int(float(time_to_wait) * 1000)})
        except WebDriverException:
            self.execute(Command.SET_TIMEOUTS, {
                'ms': float(time_to_wait) * 1000,
                'type': 'page load'})

    @property
    def title(self):
        """Returns the title of the current page.

        :Usage:
            title = driver.title
        """
        resp = self.execute(Command.GET_TITLE)
        return resp['value'] if resp['value'] is not None else ""

    @property
    def current_url(self):
        """
        Gets the URL of the current page.

        :Usage:
            driver.current_url
        """
        return self.execute(Command.GET_CURRENT_URL)['value']

    @property
    def page_source(self):
        """
        Gets the source of the current page.

        :Usage:
            driver.page_source
        """
        return self.execute(Command.GET_PAGE_SOURCE)['value']
        
    @property
    def current_window_handle(self):
        """
        Returns the handle of the current window.

        :Usage:
            driver.current_window_handle
        """
        if self.w3c:
            return self.execute(Command.W3C_GET_CURRENT_WINDOW_HANDLE)['value']
        else:
            return self.execute(Command.GET_CURRENT_WINDOW_HANDLE)['value']
            
    @property
    def window_handles(self):
        """
        Returns the handles of all windows within the current session.

        :Usage:
            driver.window_handles
        """
        if self.w3c:
            return self.execute(Command.W3C_GET_WINDOW_HANDLES)['value']
        else:
            return self.execute(Command.GET_WINDOW_HANDLES)['value']
            
    @property
    def switch_to(self):
        """
        :Returns:
            - SwitchTo: an object containing all options to switch focus into

        :Usage:
            element = driver.switch_to.active_element
            alert = driver.switch_to.alert
            driver.switch_to.default_content()
            driver.switch_to.frame('frame_name')
            driver.switch_to.frame(1)
            driver.switch_to.frame(driver.find_elements_by_tag_name("iframe")[0])
            driver.switch_to.parent_frame()
            driver.switch_to.window('main')
        """
        return self._switch_to
        
        def switch_to_window(self, window_name):
        """ Deprecated use driver.switch_to.window
        """
        warnings.warn("use driver.switch_to.window instead",
                      DeprecationWarning, stacklevel=2)
        self._switch_to.window(window_name)

    def switch_to_frame(self, frame_reference):
        """ Deprecated use driver.switch_to.frame
        """
        warnings.warn("use driver.switch_to.frame instead",
                      DeprecationWarning, stacklevel=2)
        self._switch_to.frame(frame_reference)
        
    def switch_to_default_content(self):
        """ Deprecated use driver.switch_to.default_content
        """
        warnings.warn("use driver.switch_to.default_content instead",
                      DeprecationWarning, stacklevel=2)
        self._switch_to.default_content()

    def switch_to_alert(self):
        """ Deprecated use driver.switch_to.alert
        """
        warnings.warn("use driver.switch_to.alert instead",
                      DeprecationWarning, stacklevel=2)
        return self._switch_to.alert
        
    # Navigation
    def back(self):
        """
        Goes one step backward in the browser history.

        :Usage:
            driver.back()
        """
        self.execute(Command.GO_BACK)

    def forward(self):
        """
        Goes one step forward in the browser history.

        :Usage:
            driver.forward()
        """
        self.execute(Command.GO_FORWARD)

    def refresh(self):
        """
        Refreshes the current page.

        :Usage:
            driver.refresh()
        """
        self.execute(Command.REFRESH)