如題，在項目中用到了4個環境的日志配置文件，啟動時在application.properties中指定環境，讓springboot自動加載logback對應的配置文件：
每個環境的日志目錄都不一樣，比如sit和test環境分別是：
如果spring.profiles.active配置的是test，那么一切正常，非test環境，則啟動失敗。比如我現在配置spring.profiles.active=sit來啟動聯調環境，報錯日志如下：
2020-01-10 14:32:33.579 |-ERROR [main] org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication [822] -| Application run failed java.lang.IllegalStateException: Logback configuration error detected: ERROR in ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender[ERROR] - Failed to create parent directories for [/home/wlf/logs/prize/error-20200110.log] ERROR in ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender[ERROR] - openFile(null,true) call failed. java.io.FileNotFoundException: /home/wlf/logs/prize/error-20200110.log (No such file or directory) ERROR in ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender[CDR] - Failed to create parent directories for [/home/wlf/REPORT/send/prize20020000601809988202001101432.txt] ERROR in ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender[CDR] - openFile(null,true) call failed. java.io.FileNotFoundException: /home/wlf/REPORT/send/prize20020000601809988202001101432.txt (No such file or directory) at org.springframework.boot.logging.logback.LogbackLoggingSystem.loadConfiguration(LogbackLoggingSystem.java:167) at org.springframework.boot.logging.logback.LogbackLoggingSystem.reinitialize(LogbackLoggingSystem.java:220) at org.springframework.boot.logging.AbstractLoggingSystem.initializeWithConventions(AbstractLoggingSystem.java:73) at org.springframework.boot.logging.AbstractLoggingSystem.initialize(AbstractLoggingSystem.java:60) at org.springframework.boot.logging.logback.LogbackLoggingSystem.initialize(LogbackLoggingSystem.java:118) at org.springframework.boot.context.logging.LoggingApplicationListener.initializeSystem(LoggingApplicationListener.java:289) at org.springframework.boot.context.logging.LoggingApplicationListener.initialize(LoggingApplicationListener.java:264) at org.springframework.boot.context.logging.LoggingApplicationListener.onApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEvent(LoggingApplicationListener.java:226) at org.springframework.boot.context.logging.LoggingApplicationListener.onApplicationEvent(LoggingApplicationListener.java:203) at org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.doInvokeListener(SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.java:172) at org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.invokeListener(SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.java:165) at org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.multicastEvent(SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.java:139) at org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.multicastEvent(SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.java:127) at org.springframework.boot.context.event.EventPublishingRunListener.environmentPrepared(EventPublishingRunListener.java:76) at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplicationRunListeners.environmentPrepared(SpringApplicationRunListeners.java:53) at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.prepareEnvironment(SpringApplication.java:341) at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:305) at org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder.run(SpringApplicationBuilder.java:140) at org.springframework.cloud.bootstrap.BootstrapApplicationListener.bootstrapServiceContext(BootstrapApplicationListener.java:191) at org.springframework.cloud.bootstrap.BootstrapApplicationListener.onApplicationEvent(BootstrapApplicationListener.java:105) at org.springframework.cloud.bootstrap.BootstrapApplicationListener.onApplicationEvent(BootstrapApplicationListener.java:71) at org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.doInvokeListener(SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.java:172) at org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.invokeListener(SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.java:165) at org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.multicastEvent(SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.java:139) at org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.multicastEvent(SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.java:127) at org.springframework.boot.context.event.EventPublishingRunListener.environmentPrepared(EventPublishingRunListener.java:76) at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplicationRunListeners.environmentPrepared(SpringApplicationRunListeners.java:53) at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.prepareEnvironment(SpringApplication.java:341) at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:305) at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1214) at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1203) at com.wlf.order.prize.PrizeApplication.main(PrizeApplication.java:12) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498) at org.springframework.boot.loader.MainMethodRunner.run(MainMethodRunner.java:48) at org.springframework.boot.loader.Launcher.launch(Launcher.java:87) at org.springframework.boot.loader.Launcher.launch(Launcher.java:51) at org.springframework.boot.loader.JarLauncher.main(JarLauncher.java:52) Exception in thread "main" java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498) at org.springframework.boot.loader.MainMethodRunner.run(MainMethodRunner.java:48) at org.springframework.boot.loader.Launcher.launch(Launcher.java:87) at org.springframework.boot.loader.Launcher.launch(Launcher.java:51) at org.springframework.boot.loader.JarLauncher.main(JarLauncher.java:52) Caused by: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Logback configuration error detected: ERROR in ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender[ERROR] - Failed to create parent directories for [/home/wlf/logs/prize/error-20200110.log] ERROR in ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender[ERROR] - openFile(null,true) call failed. java.io.FileNotFoundException: /home/wlf/logs/prize/error-20200110.log (No such file or directory) ERROR in ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender[CDR] - Failed to create parent directories for [/home/wlf/REPORT/send/prize20020000601809988202001101432.txt] ERROR in ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender[CDR] - openFile(null,true) call failed. java.io.FileNotFoundException: /home/wlf/REPORT/send/prize20020000601809988202001101432.txt (No such file or directory) at org.springframework.boot.logging.logback.LogbackLoggingSystem.loadConfiguration(LogbackLoggingSystem.java:167) at org.springframework.boot.logging.logback.LogbackLoggingSystem.reinitialize(LogbackLoggingSystem.java:220) at org.springframework.boot.logging.AbstractLoggingSystem.initializeWithConventions(AbstractLoggingSystem.java:73) at org.springframework.boot.logging.AbstractLoggingSystem.initialize(AbstractLoggingSystem.java:60) at org.springframework.boot.logging.logback.LogbackLoggingSystem.initialize(LogbackLoggingSystem.java:118) at org.springframework.boot.context.logging.LoggingApplicationListener.initializeSystem(LoggingApplicationListener.java:289) at org.springframework.boot.context.logging.LoggingApplicationListener.initialize(LoggingApplicationListener.java:264) at org.springframework.boot.context.logging.LoggingApplicationListener.onApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEvent(LoggingApplicationListener.java:226) at org.springframework.boot.context.logging.LoggingApplicationListener.onApplicationEvent(LoggingApplicationListener.java:203) at org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.doInvokeListener(SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.java:172) at org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.invokeListener(SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.java:165) at org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.multicastEvent(SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.java:139) at org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.multicastEvent(SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.java:127) at org.springframework.boot.context.event.EventPublishingRunListener.environmentPrepared(EventPublishingRunListener.java:76) at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplicationRunListeners.environmentPrepared(SpringApplicationRunListeners.java:53) at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.prepareEnvironment(SpringApplication.java:341) at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:305) at org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder.run(SpringApplicationBuilder.java:140) at org.springframework.cloud.bootstrap.BootstrapApplicationListener.bootstrapServiceContext(BootstrapApplicationListener.java:191) at org.springframework.cloud.bootstrap.BootstrapApplicationListener.onApplicationEvent(BootstrapApplicationListener.java:105) at org.springframework.cloud.bootstrap.BootstrapApplicationListener.onApplicationEvent(BootstrapApplicationListener.java:71) at org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.doInvokeListener(SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.java:172) at org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.invokeListener(SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.java:165) at org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.multicastEvent(SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.java:139) at org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.multicastEvent(SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.java:127) at org.springframework.boot.context.event.EventPublishingRunListener.environmentPrepared(EventPublishingRunListener.java:76) at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplicationRunListeners.environmentPrepared(SpringApplicationRunListeners.java:53) at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.prepareEnvironment(SpringApplication.java:341) at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:305) at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1214) at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1203) at com.wlf.order.prize.PrizeApplication.main(PrizeApplication.java:12) ... 8 more
我們從日志中看到，我啟動的是sit，可spring boot竟然跑去讀取logback-test.xml里面的信息了，我的sit環境在prize用戶下，當然找不到test環境下wlf用戶下的文件了。
詭異的是為何spring boot會去讀取logback-test.xml而不是logback-sit.xml呢？原因其實就在源碼里。在LogbackLoggingSystem的118行initialize初始化方法中，spring boot開始加載logback：
繼續點進去，來到抽象父類的世界：
繼續在抽象父類里暢游，我們發現spring boot先去找自身特定的logback配置文件，找到了就執行reinitialize方法（見上面日志標黃處）：
既然日志打印了，說明代碼已經取到了config對象。我們關心的是spring boot取到的是哪些指定的logback配置？怎么取的？其實一切盡在getSelfInitializationConfig方法中：
上面已經回答剛才那兩個問題：
1、logback配置文件怎么取的——很明顯，它拿指定的logback文件去classpath中（比如我們的src/resources）查找匹配，如果匹配上了就加載。
2、核心問題來了：取哪些指定的logback配置文件——我們需要先結束抽象父類的游覽旅程了，回到LogbackLoggingSystem去：
一目了然，我們的4個日志配置文件里，剛好有一個logback-test.xml跟logback默認的配置重復了，而且能被匹配出來，spring boot當然優先讀取默認的logback-test.xml，管你的環境變量是prod還是sit還是dev。
既然知道了問題所在，解決方案也自然就出來了：別給測試環境的日志配置起名叫logback-test了，隨便改個名吧。記得改名后重先跑maven要先clean一把，否則原來logback-test.xml還會在你的jar包里，問題依然存在。