二層交換機與防火牆對接上網配置示例

配置思路
采用如下思路進行配置:
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配置交換機基於接口划分VLAN,實現二層轉發。
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配置防火牆作為用戶的網關,通過子接口或VLANIF接口實現跨網段的三層轉發。
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配置防火牆作為DHCP服務器,為用戶PC分配IP地址。
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開啟防火牆域間安全策略,使不同域的報文可以相互轉發。
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配置防火牆PAT功能,使內網用戶可以訪問外部網絡。
操作步驟
- 配置交換機
# 配置下行連接用戶的接口。
<HUAWEI> system-view [HUAWEI] sysname Switch [Switch] vlan batch 2 3 [Switch] interface gigabitethernet 0/0/2 [Switch-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] port link-type access//配置接口接入類型為access [Switch-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] port default vlan 2//配置接口加入VLAN 2 [Switch-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] quit [Switch] interface gigabitethernet 0/0/3 [Switch-GigabitEthernet0/0/3] port link-type access [Switch-GigabitEthernet0/0/3] port default vlan 3 [Switch-GigabitEthernet0/0/3] quit
# 配置上行連接防火牆的接口。
[Switch] interface gigabitethernet 0/0/1 [Switch-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] port link-type trunk [Switch-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 3//配置接口以trunk方式透傳VLAN 2和VLAN 3 [Switch-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] quit
- 配置防火牆
防火牆的配置有兩種方式,配置子接口或者配置VLANIF接口,兩種方式選擇其一即可。
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配置防火牆通過子接口終結VLAN,實現跨網段的三層轉發。
# 配置終結子接口。
<USG6600> system-view [USG6600] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1.1 [USG6600-GigabitEthernet1/0/1.1] vlan-type dot1q 2 [USG6600-GigabitEthernet1/0/1.1] ip address 192.168.1.1 24 [USG6600-GigabitEthernet1/0/1.1] quit [USG6600] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1.2 [USG6600-GigabitEthernet1/0/1.2] vlan-type dot1q 3 [USG6600-GigabitEthernet1/0/1.2] ip address 192.168.2.1 24 [USG6600-GigabitEthernet1/0/1.2] quit
# 配置DHCP功能,為內網用戶分配IP地址並指定DNS服務器地址。
[USG6600] dhcp enable [USG6600] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1.1 [USG6600-GigabitEthernet1/0/1.1] dhcp select interface//開啟接口采用接口地址池的DHCP Server功能 [USG6600-GigabitEthernet1/0/1.1] dhcp server dns-list 114.114.114.114 223.5.5.5//配置的DNS-List 114.114.114.114是公用的DNS服務器地址,是不區分運營商的。在實際應用中,請根據運營商分配的DNS進行配置 [USG6600-GigabitEthernet1/0/1.1] quit [USG6600] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1.2 [USG6600-GigabitEthernet1/0/1.2] dhcp select interface [USG6600-GigabitEthernet1/0/1.2] dhcp server dns-list 114.114.114.114 223.5.5.5 [USG6600-GigabitEthernet1/0/1.2] quit
# 配置公網接口的IP地址和靜態路由。
[USG6600] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/2 [USG6600-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] ip address 1.1.1.2 255.255.255.0//配置連接公網的接口GE0/0/2的IP地址1.1.1.2 [USG6600-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] quit [USG6600] ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 1.1.1.1//配置靜態缺省路由的下一跳指向公網提供的IP地址1.1.1.1
# 配置安全區域。
[USG6600] firewall zone trust//配置trust域 [USG6600-zone-trust] add interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1 [USG6600-zone-trust] add interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1.1 [USG6600-zone-trust] add interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1.2 [USG6600-zone-trust] quit [USG6600] firewall zone untrust//配置untrust域 [USG6600-zone-untrust] add interface gigabitethernet 1/0/2 [USG6600-zone-untrust] quit
# 配置安全策略,允許域間互訪。[USG6600] security-policy [USG6600-policy-security] rule name policy1 [USG6600-policy-security-rule-policy1] source-zone trust [USG6600-policy-security-rule-policy1] destination-zone untrust [USG6600-policy-security-rule-policy1] source-address 192.168.0.0 mask 255.255.0.0 [USG6600-policy-security-rule-policy1] action permit [USG6600-policy-security-rule-policy1] quit [USG6600-policy-security] quit
# 配置PAT地址池,開啟允許端口地址轉換。[USG6600] nat address-group addressgroup1 [USG6600-address-group-addressgroup1] mode pat [USG6600-address-group-addressgroup1] route enable [USG6600-address-group-addressgroup1] section 0 1.1.1.2 1.1.1.2 //轉換的公網IP地址 [USG6600-address-group-addressgroup1] quit
# 配置源PAT策略,實現私網指定網段訪問公網時自動進行源地址轉換。[USG6600] nat-policy [USG6600-policy-nat] rule name policy_nat1 [USG6600-policy-nat-rule-policy_nat1] source-zone trust [USG6600-policy-nat-rule-policy_nat1] destination-zone untrust [USG6600-policy-nat-rule-policy_nat1] source-address 192.168.0.0 mask 255.255.0.0//允許進行PAT轉換的源IP地址 [USG6600-policy-nat-rule-policy_nat1] action nat address-group addressgroup1 [USG6600-policy-nat-rule-policy_nat1] quit [USG6600-policy-nat] quit [USG6600] quit
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配置防火牆通過配置VLANIF接口,實現跨網段的三層轉發。
# 配置VLANIF接口。
<USG6600> system-view [USG6600] vlan batch 2 3 [USG6600] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1 [USG6600-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] portswitch//將以太網接口從三層模式切換到二層模式。如果接口已經是二層模式,跳過該步驟 [USG6600-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] port link-type hybrid [USG6600-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] port hybrid tagged vlan 2 to 3 [USG6600-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit [USG6600] interface vlanif 2 [USG6600-Vlanif2] ip address 192.168.1.1 24//配置VLANIF2的IP地址作為PC1的網關 [USG6600-Vlanif2] quit [USG6600] interface vlanif 3 [USG6600-Vlanif3] ip address 192.168.2.1 24//配置VLANIF3的IP地址作為PC2的網關 [USG6600-Vlanif3] quit
# 配置DHCP功能。
[USG6600] dhcp enable [USG6600] interface vlanif 2 [USG6600-Vlanif2] dhcp select interface [USG6600-Vlanif2] dhcp server dns-list 114.114.114.114 223.5.5.5//配置的DNS-List 114.114.114.114是公用的DNS服務器地址,是不區分運營商的。在實際應用中,請根據運營商分配的DNS進行配置 [USG6600-Vlanif2] quit [USG6600] interface vlanif 3 [USG6600-Vlanif3] dhcp select interface [USG6600-Vlanif3] dhcp server dns-list 114.114.114.114 223.5.5.5 [USG6600-Vlanif3] quit
# 配置公網接口的IP地址和靜態路由。
[USG6600] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/2 [USG6600-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] ip address 1.1.1.2 255.255.255.0 [USG6600-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] quit [USG6600] ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 1.1.1.1//配置靜態缺省路由的下一跳指向公網提供的IP地址1.1.1.1
# 配置安全區域。
[USG6600] firewall zone trust [USG6600-zone-trust] add interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1 [USG6600-zone-trust] add interface vlanif 2 [USG6600-zone-trust] add interface vlanif 3 [USG6600-zone-trust] quit [USG6600] firewall zone untrust [USG6600-zone-untrust] add interface gigabitethernet 1/0/2 [USG6600-zone-untrust] quit
# 配置安全策略,允許域間互訪。[USG6600] security-policy [USG6600-policy-security] rule name policy1 [USG6600-policy-security-rule-policy1] source-zone trust [USG6600-policy-security-rule-policy1] destination-zone untrust [USG6600-policy-security-rule-policy1] source-address 192.168.0.0 mask 255.255.0.0 [USG6600-policy-security-rule-policy1] action permit [USG6600-policy-security-rule-policy1] quit [USG6600-policy-security] quit
# 配置PAT地址池,開啟允許端口地址轉換。[USG6600] nat address-group addressgroup1 [USG6600-address-group-addressgroup1] mode pat [USG6600-address-group-addressgroup1] route enable [USG6600-address-group-addressgroup1] section 0 1.1.1.2 1.1.1.2 //轉換的公網IP地址 [USG6600-address-group-addressgroup1] quit
# 配置源PAT策略,實現私網指定網段訪問公網時自動進行源地址轉換。[USG6600] nat-policy [USG6600-policy-nat] rule name policy_nat1 [USG6600-policy-nat-rule-policy_nat1] source-zone trust [USG6600-policy-nat-rule-policy_nat1] destination-zone untrust [USG6600-policy-nat-rule-policy_nat1] source-address 192.168.0.0 mask 255.255.0.0//允許進行PAT轉換的源IP地址 [USG6600-policy-nat-rule-policy_nat1] action nat address-group addressgroup1 [USG6600-policy-nat-rule-policy_nat1] quit [USG6600-policy-nat] quit [USG6600] quit
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- 檢查配置結果
配置PC1的IP地址為192.168.1.2/24,網關為192.168.1.1;PC2的IP地址為192.168.2.2/24,網關為192.168.2.1。
配置外網PC的IP地址為1.1.1.1/24,網關為1.1.1.2。
配置完成后,PC1和PC2都可以Ping通外網的IP 1.1.1.1/24,PC1和PC2都可以訪問Internet。