03.Zabbix應用服務監控
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一、Zabbix監控Nginx
1.1 實驗環境
| 服務器系統 | 角色 | IP |
|---|---|---|
| CentOS 7.4 x86_64 | Zabbix-Server | 192.168.90.10 |
| CentOS 7.4 x86_64 | Zabbix-Agent | 192.168.90.11 |
1.2.在nginx.conf的Server標簽下添加如下內容
location /nginx_status { stub_status on; access_log off; allow 127.0.0.1; deny all; } 1.3.本地訪問Nginx Status
[root@linux-node1 ~]# curl http://127.0.0.1/nginx_status Active connections: 1 server accepts handled requests 1 1 1 Reading: 0 Writing: 1 Waiting: 0 1.4.編寫Nginx的Shell腳本(如果端口不一致,只需要修改腳本端口即可)
[root@Agent ~]# mkdir -p /etc/zabbix/scripts [root@linux-node1 scripts]# vim /etc/zabbix/scripts/nginx_status.sh #!/bin/bash ############################################################ # $Name: nginx_status.sh # $Version: v1.0 # $Function: Nginx Status # $Author: xuliangwei # $organization: www.xuliangwei.com,www,bjstack.com # $Create Date: 2016-06-23 # $Description: Monitor Nginx Service Status ############################################################ NGINX_PORT=80 #如果端口不同僅需要修改腳本即可，否則修改xml很麻煩 NGINX_COMMAND=$1 nginx_active(){ /usr/bin/curl -s "http://127.0.0.1:"$NGINX_PORT"/nginx_status/" |awk '/Active/ {print $NF}' } nginx_reading(){ /usr/bin/curl -s "http://127.0.0.1:"$NGINX_PORT"/nginx_status/" |awk '/Reading/ {print $2}' } nginx_writing(){ /usr/bin/curl -s "http://127.0.0.1:"$NGINX_PORT"/nginx_status/" |awk '/Writing/ {print $4}' } nginx_waiting(){ /usr/bin/curl -s "http://127.0.0.1:"$NGINX_PORT"/nginx_status/" |awk '/Waiting/ {print $6}' } nginx_accepts(){ /usr/bin/curl -s "http://127.0.0.1:"$NGINX_PORT"/nginx_status/" |awk 'NR==3 {print $1}' } nginx_handled(){ /usr/bin/curl -s "http://127.0.0.1:"$NGINX_PORT"/nginx_status/" |awk 'NR==3 {print $2}' } nginx_requests(){ /usr/bin/curl -s "http://127.0.0.1:"$NGINX_PORT"/nginx_status/" |awk 'NR==3 {print $3}' } case $NGINX_COMMAND in active) nginx_active; ;; reading) nginx_reading; ;; writing) nginx_writing; ;; waiting) nginx_waiting; ;; accepts) nginx_accepts; ;; handled) nginx_handled; ;; requests) nginx_requests; ;; *) echo $"USAGE:$0 {active|reading|writing|waiting|accepts|handled|requests}" esac 1.5.給腳本添加執行權限
[root@Agent]# chmod +x /etc/zabbix/scripts/nginx_status.sh 1.6.監控項nginx_status.conf的配置文件如下：
[root@Agent ~]# cat /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.d/nginx_status.conf UserParameter=nginx_status[*],/bin/bash /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.d/scripts/nginx_status.sh "$1" 1.7.重啟zabbix-agent
[root@Agent ~]# systemctl restart zabbix-agent 1.8.使用Zabbix_get來獲取值
[root@linux-node1 ~]# zabbix_get -s 192.168.90.11 -k nginx_status[writing] 1 1.9.添加所有監控項, 如圖4-3, 記得關聯到指定的主機
二、Zabbix監控PHP
2.1.實踐環境
| 服務器系統 | 角色 | IP |
|---|---|---|
| CentOS 7.4 x86_64 | Zabbix-Server | 192.168.90.10 |
| CentOS 7.4 x86_64 | Zabbix-Agent | 192.168.90.11 |
2.2.PHP-FPM工作模式通常與Nginx結合使用,修改php-fpm.conf
[root@Agent ~]# vim /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf pm.status_path = /phpfpm_status 2.3.修改nginx.conf的配置文件,增加如下location訪問PHP-FPM狀態信息。
location ~ ^/(phpfpm_status)$ { include fastcgi_params; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; } 2.4.訪問測試phpfpm_status
[root@Agent ~]# curl http://127.0.0.1/phpfpm_status pool: www process manager: dynamic start time: 05/Jul/2016:15:30:56 +0800 start since: 409 accepted conn: 22 listen queue: 0 max listen queue: 0 listen queue len: 128 idle processes: 4 active processes: 1 total processes: 5 max active processes: 2 max children reached: 0 #PHP-FPM狀態解釋： pool #fpm池名稱,大多數為www process manager #進程管理方式dynamic或者static start time #啟動日志,如果reload了fpm，時間會更新 start since #運行時間 accepted conn #當前池接受的請求數 listen queue #請求等待隊列,如果這個值不為0,那么需要增加FPM的進程數量 max listen queue #請求等待隊列最高的數量 listen queue len #socket等待隊列長度 idle processes #空閑進程數量 active processes #活躍進程數量 total processes #總進程數量 max active processes #最大的活躍進程數量（FPM啟動開始計算） max children reached #程最大數量限制的次數，如果這個數量不為0，那說明你的最大進程數量過小,可以適當調整。 2.5.編寫php-fpm的Shell腳本(如果端口不一致,只需要修改腳本端口即可)
[root@Agent ~]# cd /etc/zabbix/scripts [root@Agent scripts]# vim phpfpm_status.sh #!/bin/bash ############################################################ # $Name: phpfpm_status.sh # $Version: v1.0 # $Function: Nginx Status # $Author: xuliangwei # $organization: www.xuliangwei.com # $Create Date: 2016-06-23 # $Description: Monitor Nginx Service Status ############################################################ PHPFPM_COMMAND=$1 PHPFPM_PORT=80 #根據監聽不同端口進行調整 start_since(){ /usr/bin/curl -s "http://127.0.0.1:"$PHPFPM_PORT"/phpfpm_status" |awk '/^start since:/ {print $NF}' } accepted_conn(){ /usr/bin/curl -s "http://127.0.0.1:"$PHPFPM_PORT"/phpfpm_status" |awk '/^accepted conn:/ {print $NF}' } listen_queue(){ /usr/bin/curl -s "http://127.0.0.1:"$PHPFPM_PORT"/phpfpm_status" |awk '/^listen queue:/ {print $NF}' } max_listen_queue(){ /usr/bin/curl -s "http://127.0.0.1:"$PHPFPM_PORT"/phpfpm_status" |awk '/^max listen queue:/ {print $NF}' } listen_queue_len(){ /usr/bin/curl -s "http://127.0.0.1:"$PHPFPM_PORT"/phpfpm_status" |awk '/^listen queue len:/ {print $NF}' } idle_processes(){ /usr/bin/curl -s "http://127.0.0.1:"$PHPFPM_PORT"/phpfpm_status" |awk '/^idle processes:/ {print $NF}' } active_processes(){ /usr/bin/curl -s "http://127.0.0.1:"$PHPFPM_PORT"/phpfpm_status" |awk '/^active processes:/ {print $NF}' } total_processes(){ /usr/bin/curl -s "http://127.0.0.1:"$PHPFPM_PORT"/phpfpm_status" |awk '/^total processes:/ {print $NF}' } max_active_processes(){ /usr/bin/curl -s "http://127.0.0.1:"$PHPFPM_PORT"/phpfpm_status" |awk '/^max active processes:/ {print $NF}' } max_children_reached(){ /usr/bin/curl -s "http://127.0.0.1:"$PHPFPM_PORT"/phpfpm_status" |awk '/^max children reached:/ {print $NF}' } slow_requests(){ /usr/bin/curl -s "http://127.0.0.1:"$PHPFPM_PORT"/phpfpm_status" |awk '/^slow requests:/ {print $NF}' } case $PHPFPM_COMMAND in start_since) start_since; ;; accepted_conn) accepted_conn; ;; listen_queue) listen_queue; ;; max_listen_queue) max_listen_queue; ;; listen_queue_len) listen_queue_len; ;; idle_processes) idle_processes; ;; active_processes) active_processes; ;; total_processes) total_processes; ;; max_active_processes) max_active_processes; ;; max_children_reached) max_children_reached; ;; slow_requests) slow_requests; ;; *) echo $"USAGE:$0 {start_since|accepted_conn|listen_queue|max_listen_queue|listen_queue_len|idle_processes|active_processes|total_processes|max_active_processes|max_children_reached}" esac 2.6.給腳本添加執行權限
[root@Agent scripts]# chmod +x phpfpm_status.sh 2.7.監控項的phpfpm_status.conf配置文件如下：
[root@Agent ~]# cat /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.d/phpfpm_status.conf UserParameter=phpfpm_status[*],/bin/bash /etc/zabbix/phpfpm_status.sh "$1" 2.8.重啟zabbix-agent
[root@Agent ~]# systemctl restart zabbix-agent
2.9.Server使用zabbix_get命令來獲取Agent端的值
[root@ZabbixServer]# zabbix_get -s 192.168.90.11 -k phpfpm_status[accepted_conn] 45 2.10.添加所有監控項, 如下圖4-5, 最后記得關聯至對應主機
2.11.查看圖形，如圖4-4(圖形自定義)
三、Zabbix監控MySQL
percona Monitoring Plugins是一個高質量的組件，為MySQL數據庫添加企業級的監控和圖表功能。但其腳本使用PHP實現，故而Zabbix-Agent需要安裝PHP環境。
實踐環境
| 服務器系統 | 角色 | IP |
|---|---|---|
| CentOS 7.4 x86_64 | Zabbix-Server | 192.168.90.10 |
| CentOS 7.4 x86_64 | Zabbix-Agent | 192.168.90.11 |
3.1.在Zabbix-Agent端安裝percona Monitoring Plugins
[root@Agent ~]# yum install -y http://www.percona.com/downloads/percona-release/redhat/0.1-3/percona-release-0.1-3.noarch.rpm [root@Agent ~]# yum install percona-zabbix-templates -y 3.2.查看percona安裝后的目錄結構
[root@Agent percona]# tree /var/lib/zabbix/percona /var/lib/zabbix/percona ├── scripts #腳本文件路徑 │ ├── get_mysql_stats_wrapper.sh │ └── ss_get_mysql_stats.php └── templates ├── userparameter_percona_mysql.conf #key文件位置 └── zabbix_agent_template_percona_mysql_server_ht_2.0.9-sver1.1.6.xml #模板文件位置 3.4.將自定義監控項配置文件復制至/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf.d目錄下
[root@Agent ~]# cp /var/lib/zabbix/percona/templates/userparameter_percona_mysql.conf /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.d/percona_mysql.conf 3.5.重啟zabbix-agent
[root@Agent ~]# systemctl restart zabbix-agent 3.6.修改腳本中的MySQL用戶名和密碼
[root@Agent scripts]# vim /var/lib/zabbix/percona/scripts/ss_get_mysql_stats.php $mysql_user = 'root'; $mysql_pass = 'xuliangwei.com'; $mysql_port = 3306; 3.7.在Zabbix-Server端上使用Zabbix_get獲取值(否則會失敗)
[root@Server ~]# zabbix_get -s 192.168.90.11 -k MySQL.pool-read-requests 223003813 //如果獲取不到值常見問題 1.看是否是MySQL密碼錯誤 2.不要直接執行腳本來獲取 3.刪除/tmp/localhost-mysql_cacti_stats.txt文件 4.權限問題導致 3.8.在Zabbix頁面模板選項中導入Percona模板, 模板存放在/var/lib/zabbix/percona/templates， 最后關聯主機即可。
四、Zabbix監控Redis
Redis使用自帶的INFO命令，進行狀態監控。以一種易於解釋且易於閱讀的格式，返回關於Redis服務器的各種信息和統計數值。
實踐環境
| 服務器系統 | 角色 | IP |
|---|---|---|
| CentOS 7.4 x86_64 | Zabbix-Server | 192.168.90.10 |
| CentOS 7.4 x86_64 | Zabbix-Agent | 192.168.90.11 |
4.1.編寫Shell腳本
- 腳本端口、連接redis服務地址根據具體情況進行修改
- AUTH認證沒有開啟，將PASSWD修改為空即可。
[root@Agent ~]# mkdir -p /etc/zabbix/scripts [root@Agent ~]# vim /etc/zabbix/scripts/redis_status.sh #!/bin/bash ############################################################ # $Name: redis_status.sh # $Version: v1.0 # $Function: Redis Status # $Author: xuliangwei # $organization: www.xuliangwei.com # $Create Date: 2016-06-23 # $Description: Monitor Redis Service Status ############################################################ R_COMMAND="$1" R_PORT="6379" #根據實際情況調整端口 R_SERVER="127.0.0.1" #根據具體情況調整IP地址 PASSWD="" #如果沒有設置Redis密碼,為空即可 redis_status(){ (echo -en "AUTH $PASSWD\r\nINFO\r\n";sleep 1;) | /usr/bin/nc "$R_SERVER" "$R_PORT" > /tmp/redis_"$R_PORT".tmp REDIS_STAT_VALUE=$(grep "$R_COMMAND:" /tmp/redis_"$R_PORT".tmp | cut -d ':' -f2) echo "$REDIS_STAT_VALUE" } case $R_COMMAND in used_cpu_user_children) redis_status "$R_PORT" "$R_COMMAND" ;; used_cpu_sys) redis_status "$R_PORT" "$R_COMMAND" ;; total_commands_processed) redis_status "$R_PORT" "$R_COMMAND" ;; role) redis_status "$R_PORT" "$R_COMMAND" ;; lru_clock) redis_status "$R_PORT" "$R_COMMAND" ;; latest_fork_usec) redis_status "$R_PORT" "$R_COMMAND" ;; keyspace_misses) redis_status "$R_PORT" "$R_COMMAND" ;; keyspace_hits) redis_status "$R_PORT" "$R_COMMAND" ;; keys) redis_status "$R_PORT" "$R_COMMAND" ;; expires) redis_status "$R_PORT" "$R_COMMAND" ;; expired_keys) redis_status "$R_PORT" "$R_COMMAND" ;; evicted_keys) redis_status "$R_PORT" "$R_COMMAND" ;; connected_clients) redis_status "$R_PORT" "$R_COMMAND" ;; changes_since_last_save) redis_status "$R_PORT" "$R_COMMAND" ;; blocked_clients) redis_status "$R_PORT" "