最近想做一個OA相關的網站開發,一直都聽說有workflow的東西,之前也斷斷續續學習過 Workflow Foundation 4.0,還是沒有搞明白到底能夠用它做什么
但還是覺得workflow在某種情形下應該可以適用,雖然還沒有答案,網上搜樓了一通,發現一個workflow-core的東西,覺得挺有意思,遂停下來,琢磨一下,現分享與大家。
* 簡介
如主頁上介紹的,workflow core作為一個輕量級workflow引擎,可以嵌入到項目中,其底層是用.net standard 2.0開發,可以用來追蹤長時間運行的任務狀態,功能也比較強大,支持插件形式持久化,和多節點並行處理,貌似很牛。並且目前有給一個 Conductor 項目,就是使用workflow core作為內核的workflow服務器(原來運行workflow,需要單獨的一個服務器啊),Conductor這里就不展開了。workflow core支持fluent語法,寫起來也非常美觀,雖然沒有WF那樣有圖形化的操作界面,但感覺代碼比較干凈。
- 插播.Net Standard 2.0 簡介
開始的時候不了解什么是.Net Standard 2.0,這篇文章講得比較清楚,.Net Standard 與 .Net Framework關系 還有這個.NET Core 2.0 是您的最好選擇嗎,原來微軟為了統一.Net 的各種平台,出了一個.Net Standard 標准庫,基於這個庫開發的,可以應用於.net framework 4.6.1以上版本,也可以應用於.net core 2.0以上
了解了相關內容后,直接打開說明,照着例子走一遭了。
* 示例1
新建一個項目,指明使用.net framework 4.6.1以上,新建項目后,在Package Manager Console中,安裝workflow core:Install-Package WorkflowCore
,安裝這個包會默認安裝一系列的依賴包
可能由於版本的關系,還需要另外安裝兩個包:Microsoft.Extensions.Logging 和 Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Debug。這樣就可以按照Sample 01開始編寫代碼了
Sample01是一個helloworld,包含了幾部分內容:
1. 構建StepBody,就是workflow中需要執行的內容,每個類繼承自StepBody這個虛擬類,重載ExecutionResult Run(IStepExecutionContext context),這個函數中完成所需的工作

1 public class HelloWorld : StepBody 2 { 3 private ILogger logger; 4 5 public HelloWorld(ILoggerFactory loggerFactory) 6 { 7 logger = loggerFactory.CreateLogger<HelloWorld>(); 8 } 9 10 public override ExecutionResult Run(IStepExecutionContext context) 11 { 12 Console.WriteLine("Hello world, workflow"); 13 logger.LogInformation("Helloworld workflow"); 14 15 return ExecutionResult.Next(); 16 } 17 } 18 19 20 public class GoodbyeWorld : StepBody 21 { 22 private ILogger logger; 23 24 public GoodbyeWorld(ILoggerFactory loggerFactory) 25 { 26 logger = loggerFactory.CreateLogger<GoodbyeWorld>(); 27 } 28 29 public override ExecutionResult Run(IStepExecutionContext context) 30 { 31 Console.WriteLine("Workflow, Goodbye"); 32 logger.LogInformation("Goodbye workflow"); 33 34 return ExecutionResult.Next(); 35 } 36 } 37 38 public class SleepStep : StepBody 39 { 40 private ILogger logger; 41 42 public SleepStep(ILoggerFactory loggerFactory) 43 { 44 logger = loggerFactory.CreateLogger("SleepStep"); 45 } 46 47 public override ExecutionResult Run(IStepExecutionContext context) 48 { 49 Thread.Sleep(1000); 50 51 logger.LogInformation("Sleeped"); 52 53 return ExecutionResult.Next(); 54 } 55 }
2. 構建workflow,實現IWorkflow接口,每個workflow有一個Id和一個Version,標明這個workflow的身份,這里通過兩種方法構建了HelloWorkflow,

1 public class HelloWorkflow : IWorkflow 2 { 3 public string Id => "HelloWorkflow"; 4 5 public int Version => 1; 6 7 public void Build(IWorkflowBuilder<object> builder) 8 { 9 builder.StartWith(context => 10 { 11 Console.WriteLine("Hello world"); 12 return ExecutionResult.Next(); 13 }) 14 .Then(context => 15 { 16 Thread.Sleep(500); 17 Console.WriteLine("sleeped"); 18 return ExecutionResult.Next(); 19 }) 20 .Then(context => 21 { 22 Console.WriteLine("Goodbye world"); 23 return ExecutionResult.Next(); 24 }); 25 } 26 } 27 28 public class HelloWorkflow2 : IWorkflow 29 { 30 public string Id => "HelloWorkflow"; 31 32 public int Version => 2; 33 34 public void Build(IWorkflowBuilder<object> builder) 35 { 36 builder.StartWith<HelloWorld>() 37 .Then<SleepStep>() 38 .Then<GoodbyeWorld>(); 39 } 40 }
3. 萬事俱備,准備讓workflow運行起來。第一步當然是需要搭建service,Workflow Core通過Injection命名空間的ServiceCollection添加了Workflow相關的服務,對於有參數的StepBody,需要先通過service的AddTransient函數注冊,這樣才能正確的構造對象

1 /// <summary> 2 /// 配置workflow 3 /// </summary> 4 /// <returns></returns> 5 private IServiceProvider ConfigureServices() 6 { 7 //setup dependency injection 8 IServiceCollection services = new ServiceCollection(); 9 services.AddLogging(); 10 services.AddWorkflow(); 11 //services.AddWorkflow(x => x.UseMongoDB(@"mongodb://localhost:27017", "workflow")); 12 13 // 這些個構造函數帶參數的,需要添加到transient中 14 services.AddTransient<HelloWorld>(); 15 services.AddTransient<GoodbyeWorld>(); 16 services.AddTransient<SleepStep>(); 17 18 var serviceProvider = services.BuildServiceProvider(); 19 20 //config logging 21 var loggerFactory = serviceProvider.GetService<ILoggerFactory>(); 22 loggerFactory.AddProvider(new DebugLoggerProvider()); 23 24 return serviceProvider; 25 }
接下來,啟動workflow 主機,並啟動一次workflow,將整個窗體代碼貼一下,這樣比較清晰

1 using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection; 2 using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging; 3 using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Console; 4 using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Debug; 5 using System; 6 using System.Collections.Generic; 7 using System.Linq; 8 using System.Text; 9 using System.Threading.Tasks; 10 using System.Windows; 11 using System.Windows.Controls; 12 using System.Windows.Data; 13 using System.Windows.Documents; 14 using System.Windows.Input; 15 using System.Windows.Media; 16 using System.Windows.Media.Imaging; 17 using System.Windows.Navigation; 18 using System.Windows.Shapes; 19 using WorkflowCore.Interface; 20 using WorkflowCore.Services; 21 using WorkFlowCoreTest.MyWorkflow; 22 23 namespace WorkFlowCoreTest 24 { 25 /// <summary> 26 /// Interaction logic for MainWindow.xaml 27 /// </summary> 28 public partial class MainWindow : Window 29 { 30 IServiceProvider serviceProvider = null; 31 bool serviceStarted = false; 32 33 public MainWindow() 34 { 35 InitializeComponent(); 36 } 37 38 private void StartWorkflow() 39 { 40 41 if (serviceProvider == null) 42 { 43 serviceProvider = ConfigureServices(); 44 var host1 = serviceProvider.GetService<IWorkflowHost>(); 45 46 host1.RegisterWorkflow<HelloWorkflow>(); 47 host1.RegisterWorkflow<HelloWorkflow2>(); 48 } 49 50 51 var host = serviceProvider.GetService<IWorkflowHost>(); 52 var wd = host.Registry.GetDefinition("HelloWorkflow"); 53 54 // 如果host啟動了,不能再次啟動,但沒有判斷方法 55 if (!serviceStarted) 56 { 57 host.Start(); 58 serviceStarted = true; 59 } 60 61 62 // 啟動workflow工作流 63 host.StartWorkflow("HelloWorkflow", 1, data: null); // 64 //host.StartWorkflow("HelloWorkflow");//, 2, data: null, 默認會啟用版本高的 65 } 66 67 private void StopWorkflow() 68 { 69 var host = serviceProvider.GetService<IWorkflowHost>(); 70 71 host.Stop(); 72 serviceStarted = false; 73 } 74 75 /// <summary> 76 /// 配置workflow 77 /// </summary> 78 /// <returns></returns> 79 private IServiceProvider ConfigureServices() 80 { 81 //setup dependency injection 82 IServiceCollection services = new ServiceCollection(); 83 services.AddLogging(); 84 services.AddWorkflow(); 85 //services.AddWorkflow(x => x.UseMongoDB(@"mongodb://localhost:27017", "workflow")); 86 87 // 這些個構造函數帶參數的,需要添加到transient中 88 services.AddTransient<HelloWorld>(); 89 services.AddTransient<GoodbyeWorld>(); 90 services.AddTransient<SleepStep>(); 91 92 var serviceProvider = services.BuildServiceProvider(); 93 94 //config logging 95 var loggerFactory = serviceProvider.GetService<ILoggerFactory>(); 96 loggerFactory.AddProvider(new DebugLoggerProvider()); 97 98 return serviceProvider; 99 } 100 101 private void startButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) 102 { 103 StartWorkflow(); 104 } 105 106 private void stopButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) 107 { 108 StopWorkflow(); 109 } 110 } 111 }
就這樣一個簡單的Workflow Core例子就完成了,總體來說,還是很簡單,清晰的。