本文用兩個框架,一個是threejs,一個是phaser3,其實流程都是一樣。
nodejs、npm是基礎,不再多說!
首先新建一個文件夾命名three-study,然后npm init -y
用webpack工具,第一步要安裝webpack主功能包:
npm i webpack --save-dev
npm i webpack-cli --save-dev
這兩個包是webpack最基礎的包,如果僅僅只是用於打包,這兩個足夠了(--save-dev的意思是僅僅用於開發環境)。
接下來第二步為里調試方便,需要安裝webpack-dev-server
npm i webpack-dev-server --save-dev
這個包是一個用來快速搭建本地運行環境的工具,通常情況下package.json里的dev或start調試模式都是用它,常用方式:
webpack-dev-server --config webpack.conf.js
其相關配置可自行百度,一般會配置到webpack.conf.js里。
第三步:安裝html-webpack-plugin
npm i html-webpack-plugin --save-dev
這個包就是將打包后的js自動添加到目標index.html模板文件里,省去每次打包都手動操作的麻煩。
第三步:安裝ts-loader,typescript,這是ts語言的配置,所有用到ts開發的都必須安裝這兩個依賴
npm i ts-loader --save-dev
npm i typescript --save-dev
第四步:創建ts配置文件,tsconfig.json,ts的運行必須要有tsconfig文件,否則無法運行和轉換成js,我的配置如下:
{ "compilerOptions": { "module": "commonjs", "sourceMap": true, "target": "es5" }, "include": [ "src/*" ], "exclude": [ "node_modules" ] }
接下來安裝file-loader和clean-webpack-plugin,file-loader用於資源加載配置,而clean-webpack-plugin則僅僅是打包的時候清除本地原來的打包文件,相當於保持最新,非必須
npm i file-loader --save-dev
npm i clean-webpack-plugin --save-dev
到這里所有工具依賴全部安裝完成,接下來就是我們要開發的包如phaser或threejs,這里注意一定要安裝到依賴環境,即--save 而不是--save-dev
npm i three --save
整個package.json依賴如下
{ "name": "three-study", "version": "1.0.0", "description": "", "main": "index.js", "scripts": { "start":"webpack-dev-server --config webpack.conf.js", "test": "echo \"Error: no test specified\" && exit 1" }, "keywords": [], "author": "", "license": "ISC", "devDependencies": { "clean-webpack-plugin": "^3.0.0", "file-loader": "^5.0.2", "html-webpack-plugin": "^3.2.0", "ts-loader": "^6.2.1", "typescript": "^3.7.3", "webpack": "^4.41.2", "webpack-cli": "^3.3.10", "webpack-dev-server": "^3.9.0" }, "dependencies": { "three": "^0.111.0" } }
好了,接下來配置webpack.conf.js文件,讓程序運行起來,我的配置如下
const path = require("path"); const HtmlWebpackPlugin = require('html-webpack-plugin'); module.exports = { mode:'development', entry:'./src/Main.ts', output:{ path:path.resolve(__dirname,'./public'), filename:'app.bundle.js' }, devServer:{ //設置服務器訪問的基本目錄 contentBase:path.resolve(__dirname,'./public'), host:'172.18.27.110', port:1222, // 設置端口號 inline:true }, module:{ rules:[ { test:/\.tsx?$/, use:'ts-loader', exclude:/node_modules/ }, { test:/\.(png|jpe?g|gif|svg)(\?.*)?$/, use:{ loader:'file-loader', options:{ name:'[name].[ext]', outputPath:'assets/' } } } ] }, resolve:{ extensions:['.ts','.tsx','.js'] }, devtool:"eval", plugins:[ new HtmlWebpackPlugin({ template:'index.html' }) ] }
其中172.18.27.110是我自己電腦的局域網ip,其他各項配置均可查詢官方文檔,這里不再扯遠。
最后一步,根目錄創建一個index.html模板文件,然后創建一個src和public文件夾,public文件夾主要用來存放資源,在src下創建一個Main.ts文件,編寫代碼如下
import * as THREE from 'three' class Main{ constructor(){ this.init(); } private scene:THREE.Scene; private camera:THREE.Camera; private renderer:THREE.WebGLRenderer; private myCube:THREE.Mesh; private init(){ let scene = new THREE.Scene(); this.scene = scene; let camera = new THREE.PerspectiveCamera(75,window.innerWidth/window.innerHeight,.01,1000); this.camera = camera; let renderer = new THREE.WebGLRenderer(); renderer.setSize(window.innerWidth,window.innerHeight); document.body.appendChild(renderer.domElement); this.renderer = renderer; let geometry = new THREE.BoxGeometry(1,1,1); let material = new THREE.MeshBasicMaterial({color:0xfff000}); let cube = new THREE.Mesh(geometry,material); scene.add(cube); this.myCube = cube; camera.position.z = 5; this.animate(); } private animate(){ requestAnimationFrame(this.animate.bind(this)); this.renderer.render(this.scene,this.camera); this.loop(); } private loop(){ this.myCube.rotation.x += 0.01; this.myCube.rotation.y += 0.01; this.myCube.rotation.z += 0.01; } } new Main();
在命令行運行npm run start,然后打開瀏覽器輸入172.18.27.110:1222即可看到如下效果
對於phaser,也是如此配置,這里僅僅配置里一個dev環境,其實還有個線上打包環境,我一般分成dev.conf.js和prd.conf.js,分別代表dev和生產環境,這里有個生產環境配置可作參考
const path = require("path"); const CleanWebpackPlugin = require("clean-webpack-plugin").CleanWebpackPlugin; const HtmlWebpackPlugin = require('html-webpack-plugin'); module.exports = { mode:'production', devtool:"source-map", entry:'./src/Main.ts', output:{ filename:'js/[name].[chunkhash].js', path:path.resolve(__dirname,'.././dist') }, module:{ rules:[ { test:/\.tsx?$/, use:'ts-loader', exclude:/node_modules/ }, { test:/\.(png|jpe?g|gif|svg)(\?.*)?$/, use:{ loader:'file-loader', options:{ name:'[name].[ext]', outputPath:'assets/' } } } ] }, resolve:{ extensions:['.ts','.tsx','.js'] }, optimization:{ splitChunks:{ name:"vendor", chunks:"all" } }, plugins:[ new CleanWebpackPlugin(), new HtmlWebpackPlugin({ template:'index.html' }) ] }