項目背景
本項目參考於《Pro Entity Framework Core 2 for ASP.NET Core MVC》一書，項目內容為party邀請答復。
新建項目
本項目開發工具為VS2017，打開VS2017，新建項目，選擇ASP.NETCore Web Application,項目名為PartyInvites，點擊OK，選擇模板為MVC（為了省事）。當然為了熟悉MVC流程也可以選擇空模板自己來搭建項目結構。
項目開發
1.創建數據實體類以及數據庫上下文類
在Models文件夾下創建兩個類，DataContext和GuestResponse類，類中具體內容如下：
public class GuestResponse { public long Id { get; set; } public string Name { get; set; } public string Email { get; set; } public string Phone { get; set; } public bool? WillAttend { get; set; } } public class DataContext : DbContext { public DataContext(DbContextOptions<DataContext> options) : base(options) { } public DbSet<GuestResponse> Responses { get; set; } }
2.編寫Controller和View
打開Controllers文件夾下的HomeController文件（選擇空模板的同學自己創建文件夾和HomeController文件），HomeController具體代碼如下：
public class HomeController : Controller { private DataContext _dataContext; public HomeController(DataContext dataContext) => _dataContext = dataContext; public IActionResult Index() => View(); public IActionResult Respond() => View(); [HttpPost] public IActionResult Respond(GuestResponse response) { _dataContext.Responses.Add(response); _dataContext.SaveChanges(); return RedirectToAction(nameof(Thanks), new { Name = response.Name, WillAttend = response.WillAttend }); } public IActionResult Thanks(GuestResponse response) { return View(response); } public IActionResult ListResponses() => View(_dataContext.Responses.OrderByDescending(r => r.WillAttend)); }
修改Views/Shared文件夾下的_Layout.cshtml文件，如下：
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> <title>Party Invites</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/lib/bootstrap/dist/css/bootstrap.css" /> </head> <body> <div> @RenderBody() </div> </body> </html>
在Home文件夾下，修改Index.cshtml,內容如下：
<div class="text-center m-4"> <h3>We're going to have an exciting party!</h3> <h4>And you are invited</h4> <a class="btn btn-primary" asp-action="Respond">RSVP Now</a> </div>
創建新的cshtml文件，ListResponses.cshtml，
@model IEnumerable<GuestResponse> <h3 class="bg-primary p-2 text-white text-center"> Here is the list of people who have responded </h3> <div class="table-responsive"> <table class="table"> <tr> <td>Name</td> <td>Email</td> <td>Phone</td> <td>Attending</td> </tr> @foreach (GuestResponse r in Model) { <tr> <td>@r.Name</td> <td>@r.Email</td> <td>@r.Phone</td> <td>@(r.WillAttend == true ? "Yes" : "No")</td> </tr> } </table> </div>
Respond.cshtml，
@model GuestResponse <div class="bg-primary p-2 text-white text-center"> <h2>RSVP</h2> </div> <form asp-action="Respond" method="post" class="m-4"> <div class="form-group"> <label>Your Name</label> <input asp-for="Name" class="form-control" /> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label>Your Email</label> <input asp-for="Email" class="form-control" /> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label>Your Phone Number</label> <input asp-for="Phone" class="form-control" /> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label>Will You Attend?</label> <select asp-for="WillAttend" class="form-control"> <option value="">Choose an option</option> <option value="true">Yes, I'll be there</option> <option value="false">No, I can't come</option> </select> </div> <div class="text-center"> <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Submit RSVP</button> </div> </form>
Thanks.cshtml
@model GuestResponse <div class="text-center mt-3"> <h1>Thank you, @Model.Name!</h1> @if (Model.WillAttend == true) { <div> It's great that you're coming. The drinks are already in the fridge! </div> } else { <div> Sorry to hear that you can't make it, but thanks for letting us know. </div> } Click <a asp-action="ListResponses">here</a> to see who is coming. </div>
配置EF Core
配置數據庫連接字符串，在appsettings.json文件中增加如下內容：
"ConnectionStrings": {
"DefaultConnection": "Server=(localdb)\\MSSQLLocalDB;Database=PartyInvites;Trusted_Connection=True;MultipleActiveResultSets=true"
}
DefaultConnection的內容為你自己的數據庫連接字符串。
修改startup.cs內容，代碼如圖
public class Startup { public Startup(IConfiguration configuration) { Configuration = configuration; } public IConfiguration Configuration { get; } // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to add services to the container. public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services) { services.AddMvc(); //config database connect string string conString = Configuration["ConnectionStrings:DefaultConnection"]; services.AddDbContext<DataContext>(options => options.UseSqlServer(conString)); } // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to configure the HTTP request pipeline. public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env) { app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage(); app.UseStatusCodePages(); app.UseStaticFiles(); //important app.UseMvcWithDefaultRoute(); } }
配置好后，根據新建的data Model，創建數據庫，打開nuget 控制台，在控制台中輸入add-migration加名字，如add-migration addData,執行，會自動建立migrations文件夾，並在文件夾中建立addData文件，意味創建遷移文件成功。然后輸入：update-database，數據庫就創建完成，可以去數據庫檢查下表建立是否成功。
然后就可以運行項目了。
需要注意的是，前段引用了bootstrap，需要注意bootstrap是否安裝成功以及版本問題，否則頁面可能顯示不正確。