安裝方式
- 在線安裝（慢的要命）
- RPM離線安裝(CentOS7.X)
在線安裝
- 打開官方網站 https://mariadb.org/
- 點擊Download,跳轉到下一頁面
- 繼續點擊Download,進到下頁
- 點擊紅框中的[鏈接] (https://downloads.mariadb.org/mariadb/repositories/#mirror=23Media),進到一下頁面
- 根據自己的服務器的類型/版本來選擇要安裝的數據庫版本.
按照上述步驟可以在線安裝。
離線安裝
-
點擊圖4中的baseurl
-
點擊rpms, 可以看到一堆rpm包，不要着急，繼續看下一步
-
打開MariaDB org --> Learn --> [MariaDB Knowledge Base] --> MariaDB Server -->
Getting, Installing, and Upgrading MariaDB --> MariaDB Binary Packages --> Installing MariaDB RPM Files --> MariaDB Installation (Version 10.1.21) via RPMs on CentOS 7
最終的url點擊之后，就可以看到如下圖所示界面：
本來完全可以提供最終的一個url，提供一步一步點擊的按鈕連接，是為了方便大家來學習路線思路，而不能只拿結果。 -
還記得我們之前第二步看到的一堆rpm包嗎？ 下載第三步方框中的package,當然，這個文檔的版本稍有點落后，但是我們只需要搜索前綴名稱就行了，比如搜索
client:
我們下載最新版本就可以了。
接下來進入正式步驟了哦～：
在圖7中有Step by step installation:
Step by step installation:
- First install all of the dependencies needed. Its easy to do this via YUM packages: yum install rsync nmap lsof perl-DBI nc
- rpm -ivh jemalloc-3.6.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
- rpm -ivh jemalloc-devel-3.6.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
- rpm -ivh MariaDB-10.1.21-centos7-x86_64-common.rpm MariaDB-10.1.21-centos7-x86_64-compat.rpm MariaDB-10.1.21-centos7-x86_64-client.rpm galera-25.3.19-1.rhel7.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm MariaDB-10.1.21-centos7-x86_64-server.rpm
按照步驟我們開始：
-
安裝依賴信息，命令行執行：
[root@iZ2ze7s2v0b78922wia32rZ software]# yum install rsync nmap lsof perl-DBI nc -
安裝我們之前下載的版本
jemalloc-3.6.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm[root@iZ2ze7s2v0b78922wia32rZ mariadb]# rpm -ivh jemalloc-3.6.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm -
安裝
jemalloc-devel-3.6.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm[root@iZ2ze7s2v0b78922wia32rZ mariadb]# rpm -ivh jemalloc-devel-3.6.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm -
安裝剩余的mariadb相關的包，一定要注意順序.
common > compat > client > galera > server[root@iZ2ze7s2v0b78922wia32rZ mariadb]# rpm -ivh MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm MariaDB-compat-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm MariaDB-client-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm galera-4-26.4.3-1.rhel7.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm MariaDB-server-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm warning: MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 1bb943db: NOKEY error: Failed dependencies: mariadb-libs < 1:10.1.0 conflicts with MariaDB-compat-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64 mariadb-libs is obsoleted by MariaDB-compat-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64 libaio.so.1()(64bit) is needed by MariaDB-client-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64 libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.1)(64bit) is needed by MariaDB-client-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64 libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.4)(64bit) is needed by MariaDB-client-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64 libboost_program_options.so.1.53.0()(64bit) is needed by galera-4-26.4.3-1.rhel7.el7.centos.x86_64 libaio.so.1()(64bit) is needed by MariaDB-server-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64 libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.1)(64bit) is needed by MariaDB-server-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64 libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.4)(64bit) is needed by MariaDB-server-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64執行之后發現報錯，還是在圖7顯示頁面，我們可以看見
Step by step installation:段落結束之后有這么一句：Here is the error message for dependencies:# rpm -ivh MariaDB-10.1.21-centos7-x86_64-common.rpm warning: MariaDB-10.1.21-centos7-x86_64-common.rpm: Header V4 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 1bb943db: NOKEY error: Failed dependencies: mariadb-libs < 1:10.1.21-1.el7.centos conflicts with MariaDB-common-10.1.21-1.el7.centos.x86_64是不是和我們的錯誤很相似？按照官方提供的solution就可以解決了。
后續還有幾個錯誤，同樣按照官方給出的解決方案處理，一步一步就搞定了，如下：
[root@iZ2ze7s2v0b78922wia32rZ mariadb]# rpm -qa | grep mariadb-libs mariadb-libs-5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64 [root@iZ2ze7s2v0b78922wia32rZ mariadb]# rpm -ev --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64 Preparing packages... mariadb-libs-1:5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64 [root@iZ2ze7s2v0b78922wia32rZ mariadb]# rpm -qa | grep mariadb-libs [root@iZ2ze7s2v0b78922wia32rZ mariadb]# yum install boost-devel.x86_64 Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ... Is this ok [y/d/N]: y ... Complete! [root@iZ2ze7s2v0b78922wia32rZ mariadb]# rpm --import http://yum.mariadb.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB然后重新回到安裝的第四步：
[root@iZ2ze7s2v0b78922wia32rZ mariadb]# rpm -ivh MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm MariaDB-compat-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm MariaDB-client-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm galera-4-26.4.3-1.rhel7.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm MariaDB-server-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm error: Failed dependencies: libaio.so.1()(64bit) is needed by MariaDB-client-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64 libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.1)(64bit) is needed by MariaDB-client-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64 libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.4)(64bit) is needed by MariaDB-client-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64 libaio.so.1()(64bit) is needed by MariaDB-server-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64 libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.1)(64bit) is needed by MariaDB-server-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64 libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.4)(64bit) is needed by MariaDB-server-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64發現還是報錯？？？
這個是官方在
10.4.8中新引入的一個問題,需要下載一個依賴包libaio:[root@iZ2ze7s2v0b78922wia32rZ mariadb]# wget http://mirror.centos.org/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64.rpm --2019-11-28 10:52:26-- http://mirror.centos.org/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64.rpm下載成功之后，安裝一下當前下載的依賴包：
[root@iZ2ze7s2v0b78922wia32rZ mariadb]# rpm -ivh libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64.rpm
然后再一次重復Step 4:
[root@iZ2ze7s2v0b78922wia32rZ mariadb]# rpm -ivh MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm MariaDB-compat-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm MariaDB-client-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm galera-4-26.4.3-1.rhel7.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm MariaDB-server-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:MariaDB-compat-10.4.8-1.el7.cento################################# [ 20%]
2:MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.cento################################# [ 40%]
3:MariaDB-client-10.4.8-1.el7.cento################################# [ 60%]
4:galera-4-26.4.3-1.rhel7.el7.cento################################# [ 80%]
5:MariaDB-server-10.4.8-1.el7.cento################################# [100%]
Two all-privilege accounts were created.
One is root@localhost, it has no password, but you need to
be system 'root' user to connect. Use, for example, sudo mysql
The second is mysql@localhost, it has no password either, but
you need to be the system 'mysql' user to connect.
After connecting you can set the password, if you would need to be
able to connect as any of these users with a password and without sudo
See the MariaDB Knowledgebase at http://mariadb.com/kb or the
MySQL manual for more instructions.
Please report any problems at http://mariadb.org/jira
The latest information about MariaDB is available at http://mariadb.org/.
You can find additional information about the MySQL part at:
http://dev.mysql.com
Consider joining MariaDB's strong and vibrant community:
https://mariadb.org/get-involved/
終於安裝成功了。。。
接下來，最后一步配置數據庫：
# 啟動mariaDB,(因為mariaDB是mysql作者寫的新的數據庫，其實服務和mysql是一樣的，所以啟動使用的是下面)
[root@iZ2ze7s2v0b78922wia32rZ ~]# service mysql start
# 安全配置
[root@iZ2ze7s2v0b78922wia32rZ ~]# mysql_secure_installation
# 輸入root密碼，安裝后第一次啟動為空，直接回車
Enter current password for root (enter for none):
# step 1： 是否切換到unix_socket安全認證，否
Switch to unix_socket authentication [Y/n] n
# step 2: 更改密碼，選擇修改
Change the root password? [Y/n] y
# step 3: 移除匿名用戶，選擇是
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y
# step 4: 是否允許root遠程登錄，根據個人需求，因為我是測試服務器選擇允許
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] y
# step 5: 移除test數據庫
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y
# step 6: 重新加載權限表
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y
# 看到下面，說明成功啦！！！
All done! If you've completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB
installation should now be secure.
Thanks for using MariaDB!
測試
登錄數據庫：
[root@iZ2ze7s2v0b78922wia32rZ ~]# mysql -u root -p
修改root遠程連接權限
MariaDB [(none)]> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by 'your password';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.001 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)
客戶端遠程連接
