Spring Gateway配置使用(一)

參考文檔：Spring Gateway官方文檔 , 玹霖的博客

1.Spring Gateway簡介

Spring Cloud Gateway是Spring官方基於Spring 5.0，Spring Boot 2.0和Project Reactor等技術開發的網關，Spring Cloud Gateway旨在為微服務架構提供一種簡單而有效的統一的API路由管理方式。Spring Cloud Gateway作為Spring Cloud生態系中的網關，目標是替代Netflix ZUUL，其不僅提供統一的路由方式，並且基於Filter鏈的方式提供了網關基本的功能，例如：安全，監控/埋點，和限流等。

2.Spring Gateway工作原理

Spring Gateway工作結構圖

spring_cloud_gateway_diagram.png

3.Spring Gateway配置和使用

由於項目使用maven模塊化配置，Springboot版本為：2.0.3.RELEASE, SpringCloud版本為：Finchley.RELEASE

• pom配置：

<dependencies>
      <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webflux</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-contract-stub-runner</artifactId>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-consul-discovery</artifactId>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
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    <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>dependencies</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
        <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>dependency</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
            <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>org.springframework.cloud<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
            <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>spring-cloud-dependencies<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
            <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>version</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>${spring-cloud.version}<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>version</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
            <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>type</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>pom<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>type</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
            <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>scope</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>import<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>scope</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
        <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>dependency</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
        <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>dependency</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
            <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>org.springframework.boot<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
            <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>spring-boot-dependencies<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
            <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>version</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>${spring-boot.version}<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>version</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
            <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>type</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>pom<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>type</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
            <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>scope</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>import<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>scope</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
        <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>dependency</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
    <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>dependencies</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>dependencyManagement</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>

請注意：不要引入spring-boot-starter-web包，會導致Gateway啟動拋出異常

---

Spring Gateway支持兩種方式提供路由服務，其一是配置文件啟用，其二則是通過代碼達到目的

• application.yml配置實現

spring:
  application:
    name: xxxx
  cloud:
    consul:
      host: localhost
      port: 8500
      discovery:
        enabled: true
        instance-id: ${spring.application.name}:${spring.cloud.client.ip-address}:${server.port}
        service-name: xxxx
        prefer-ip-address: true
    gateway:
      discovery:
        locator:
          enabled: true
      routes:
      # This route rule used to forward request to activity server
      - id: activity-route
        uri: lb://activity
        predicates:
        - Path=/activity/**
        filters:
        - StripPrefix=1

注意：Gateway默認轉發是全路徑的，設置StripPrefix=1表示從二級url路徑轉發，即http://localhost:port/activity/test將會轉發到http://{activity}/test

• 代碼實現

@Bean
public RouteLocator customRouteLocator(RouteLocatorBuilder builder) {
        return builder.routes()
                .route(r -> r.path("/activity/**")
                        .filters(f -> f.stripPrefix(1).filter(new TestGetWayFilter()).addResponseHeader("X-Response-Default-Foo", "Default-Bar"))
                        .uri("lb://activity")
                        .order(0)
                        .id("activity-route")
                )
                .build();
 }

原文地址：https://cloud.spring.io/spring-cloud-static/spring-cloud-gateway/2.2.0.RC2/reference/html/