json.dumps()包裝中文字符串

開發環境

1. 系統: ubuntu18.04
2. 系統編碼: $LANG = en_US.UTF-8
3. python解釋器版本: Python 3.6.7

亂碼現場

使用 json.dumps() 將 dict 轉化為 json 數據的時候, 中文會顯示為對應的 unicode 編碼形式, 如果是將數據發送到第三方, 那么也會顯示 unicode 編碼形式, 很僵硬. ( 雖然說盡量使用英文進行交互, 但是相關部門的車牌號, 違法地址等信息都是中文的阿... )

demo:

param = {
        "code": "0",
        "message": "中文內容"
    }
param1 = json.dumps(param, ensure_ascii=False)
param2 = json.dumps(param)
print(param1)
print(param2)

輸出內容:

param1:  {"code": "0", "message": "中文內容"}
param2:  {"code": "0", "message": "\u4e2d\u6587\u5185\u5bb9"}

並非亂碼, 其實是 unicode 的16進制表示形式.

分析

區別在於 ensure_ascii=False 這個參數, 看下 json.dumps() 的方法的源碼:

def dumps(obj, *, skipkeys=False, ensure_ascii=True, check_circular=True,
        allow_nan=True, cls=None, indent=None, separators=None,
        default=None, sort_keys=False, **kw):
    ...
    
    # 如果 ensure_ascii 為false，則返回值可以包含非ascii值
    If ``ensure_ascii`` is false, then the return value can contain non-ASCII
    characters if they appear in strings contained in ``obj``. Otherwise, all
    such characters are escaped in JSON strings.
    
    ...

使用 requests 發送中文數據的demo

# encoding: utf-8
import time
import json
import requests


def http_post(url, param=None):
    param_json = param and json.dumps(param, ensure_ascii=False)
    headers = {
        "content-type": "application/json",
        "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) "
                      "Chrome/71.0.3578.98 Safari/537.36"
    }

    with requests.Session() as session:
        for i in range(3):
            try:
                resp = session.post(url, headers=headers, data=param_json.encode("utf-8"), verify=False, timeout=10)
                if resp.status_code < 300:
                    print(resp)
                    return
                else:
                    print('status code %s' % resp.status_code)
                    break
            except Exception as e:
                print(e)
                time.sleep(1)
                break


if __name__ == '__main__':
    param = {
        "code": "0",
        "message": "中文內容"
    }
    param1 = json.dumps(param, ensure_ascii=False)
    param2 = json.dumps(param)
    print("param1: ", param1)
    print("param2: ", param2)
    http_post("http://10.10.19.199:8000/client/instesv/illegallogic", param=param)

接收方:

body content:[{"code": "0", "message": "中文內容"}]

ending ~