24.python中xlwt模塊用法詳解

1.創建並保存一個excel

創建一個工作簿，設置編碼格式為“utf-8”，默認格式是ASCII，為了方便寫入中文，一般都要設置成UTF-8

import xlwt
wb = xlwt.Workbook(encoding="utf-8")  # 創建一個工作薄
sheet = wb.add_sheet('文件閱讀記錄表')  # 創建一個工作表
wb.save("xlwt_test.xls")　　# 保存excle文件

2.設置列寬度

xlwt中列寬的值表示方法：默認字體0的1/256為衡量單位。xlwt創建時使用的默認寬度為2960，既11個字符0的寬度

所以我們在設置列寬時可以用如下方法：width = 256 * 20    256為衡量單位，20表示20個字符寬度

# 設置單元格的寬度
# 循環設置第一列至第五列的列寬
for c in range(5):
     sheet.col(c).width=256*20    # 設置列寬值為20個字符寬度

3.設置文本居中

使用xlwt中的Alignment來設置單元格的對齊方式，其中horz代表水平對齊方式，vert代表垂直對齊方式。
VERT_TOP = 0x00 上端對齊
VERT_CENTER = 0x01 居中對齊（垂直方向上）
VERT_BOTTOM = 0x02 低端對齊
HORZ_LEFT = 0x01 左端對齊
HORZ_CENTER = 0x02 居中對齊（水平方向上）
HORZ_RIGHT = 0x03 右端對齊

wk = xlwt.Workbook()    # 新建一個表格
sheet = wk.add_sheet('sheet1')    # 給表格新建一個名為 sheer1 的工作簿
style = xlwt.XFStyle()  # 創建一個樣式對象，初始化樣式
al = xlwt.Alignment()
al.horz = 0x02      # 設置水平居中
al.vert = 0x01      # 設置垂直居中
style.alignment = al
sheet.write(0, 0, '文本居中', style)
wk.save('Test.xls')

4.設置字體樣式

workbook = xlwt.Workbook(encoding = 'ascii')
worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Worksheet')
style = xlwt.XFStyle() # 初始化樣式
font = xlwt.Font() # 為樣式創建字體
font.name = 'Times New Roman' 
font.bold = True # 黑體
font.underline = True # 下划線
font.italic = True # 斜體字
style.font = font # 設定樣式
worksheet.write(0, 0, 'Unformatted value') # 不帶樣式的寫入

worksheet.write(1, 0, 'Formatted value', style) # 帶樣式的寫入

workbook.save('formatting.xls') # 保存文件

5.添加鏈接（xwl親測可用）

 

import xlwt
file='霸王別姬.pdf'
link=r"E:\0.other\pywork\study11\day26\readRecord\{}".format(file)
workbook = xlwt.Workbook()
worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Sheet')
worksheet.write(0, 0, xlwt.Formula('HYPERLINK("{}";"{}")'.format(link,file))) # Formula后的括號中其實就是一個字符串，所以用format來占用字符
workbook.save('Excel_Workbook.xls')

 

 

 

6.添加邊框

import xlwt
workbook = xlwt.Workbook()
worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Sheet')
borders = xlwt.Borders() # Create Borders
borders.left = xlwt.Borders.DASHED 
    DASHED虛線
    NO_LINE沒有
    THIN實線

# May be: NO_LINE, THIN, MEDIUM, DASHED, DOTTED, THICK, DOUBLE, HAIR, MEDIUM_DASHED, THIN_DASH_DOTTED, MEDIUM_DASH_DOTTED, THIN_DASH_DOT_DOTTED, MEDIUM_DASH_DOT_DOTTED, SLANTED_MEDIUM_DASH_DOTTED, or 0x00 through 0x0D.
borders.right = xlwt.Borders.DASHED
borders.top = xlwt.Borders.DASHED
borders.bottom = xlwt.Borders.DASHED
borders.left_colour = 0x40
borders.right_colour = 0x40
borders.top_colour = 0x40
borders.bottom_colour = 0x40
style = xlwt.XFStyle() # Create Style
style.borders = borders # Add Borders to Style
worksheet.write(0, 0, 'Cell Contents', style)
workbook.save('Excel_Workbook.xls')

7.設置背景色顏色

import xlwt
workbook = xlwt.Workbook()
worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Sheet')
pattern = xlwt.Pattern() # Create the Pattern
pattern.pattern = xlwt.Pattern.SOLID_PATTERN # May be: NO_PATTERN, SOLID_PATTERN, or 0x00 through 0x12
pattern.pattern_fore_colour = 5 # May be: 8 through 63. 0 = Black, 1 = White, 2 = Red, 3 = Green, 4 = Blue, 5 = Yellow, 6 = Magenta, 7 = Cyan, 16 = Maroon, 17 = Dark Green, 18 = Dark Blue, 19 = Dark Yellow , almost brown), 20 = Dark Magenta, 21 = Teal, 22 = Light Gray, 23 = Dark Gray, the list goes on...
style = xlwt.XFStyle() # Create the Pattern
style.pattern = pattern # Add Pattern to Style
worksheet.write(0, 0, 'Cell Contents', style)
workbook.save('Excel_Workbook.xls')