09-購物車、訂單管理

一、購物車、訂單管理

1、商品加入購物車的實現

根據前端分析，需要將加入購物車的邏輯以及序列化的需求分析好，然后再將需求滿足。

trade/views.py:

from rest_framework import viewsets
from rest_framework.authentication import SessionAuthentication
from rest_framework.permissions import IsAuthenticated
from rest_framework_jwt.authentication import JSONWebTokenAuthentication

from utils.permissions import IsOwnerOrReadOnly
from .serializers import ShoppingCartSerializers
from .models import ShoppingCart


class ShoppingCartViewset(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    """
    購物車功能
    list:
        獲取購物車詳情
    create:
        加入購物車
    delete:
        刪除購物車
    """
    permission_classes = (IsAuthenticated, IsOwnerOrReadOnly)
    authentication_classes = (JSONWebTokenAuthentication, SessionAuthentication)
    serializer_class = ShoppingCartSerializers

    queryset = ShoppingCart.objects.all()

trade/serilizers.py:

from rest_framework import serializers

from goods.models import Goods
from .models import ShoppingCart

class ShoppingCartSerializers(serializers.Serializer):
    user = serializers.HiddenField(
        default=serializers.CurrentUserDefault()
    )
    nums = serializers.IntegerField(required=True,min_value=1,label="數量",
                                    error_messages={
                                        "min_value":"商品數量不能小於一",
                                        "required":"請選擇購買數量"
                                    })
    goods = serializers.PrimaryKeyRelatedField(label="商品",queryset=Goods.objects.all(),required=True)

    def create(self, validated_data):
        user = self.context["request"].user
        nums = validated_data["nums"]
        goods = validated_data["goods"]

        existed = ShoppingCart.objects.filter(user=user,goods=goods)
        if existed:
            existed = existed[0]
            existed.nums += nums
            existed.save()
        else:
            existed = ShoppingCart.objects.create(**validated_data)
        return existed

trade/models.py:

class ShoppingCart(models.Model):
    """
    購物車
    """
    user = models.ForeignKey(User, verbose_name=u"用戶",on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    goods = models.ForeignKey(Goods, verbose_name=u"商品",on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name="購買數量")

    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u"添加時間")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = '購物車'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
        unique_together = ("user", "goods") #創建聯合唯一索引

MxShop/urls.py:

from rest_framework.routers import DefaultRouter

from trade.views import ShoppingCartViewset


router = DefaultRouter()


#訂單 購物車
router.register(r"shopcarts",ShoppingCartViewset,base_name="shopcarts")

測試加入購物車的接口，邏輯里面購物車必須大於一才能保存數據庫，否則不能保存到數據庫。經測試成功。

 

 

 

 2、修改購物車的數量

class ShoppingCartViewset(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    """
    購物車功能
    list:
        獲取購物車詳情
    create:
        加入購物車
    delete:
        刪除購物車
    """
    permission_classes = (IsAuthenticated, IsOwnerOrReadOnly)
    authentication_classes = (JSONWebTokenAuthentication, SessionAuthentication)
    serializer_class = ShoppingCartSerializers
    lookup_field = "goods_id"#傳商品Id過來

    def get_queryset(self):
        return ShoppingCart.objects.filter(user=self.request.user)

重寫序列化器的update方法：

from rest_framework import serializers

from goods.models import Goods
from .models import ShoppingCart

class ShoppingCartSerializers(serializers.Serializer):
    user = serializers.HiddenField(
        default=serializers.CurrentUserDefault()
    )
    nums = serializers.IntegerField(required=True,min_value=1,label="數量",
                                    error_messages={
                                        "min_value":"商品數量不能小於一",
                                        "required":"請選擇購買數量"
                                    })
    goods = serializers.PrimaryKeyRelatedField(label="商品",queryset=Goods.objects.all(),required=True)

    def create(self, validated_data):
        user = self.context["request"].user
        nums = validated_data["nums"]
        goods = validated_data["goods"]

        existed = ShoppingCart.objects.filter(user=user,goods=goods)
        if existed:
            existed = existed[0]
            existed.nums += nums
            existed.save()
        else:
            existed = ShoppingCart.objects.create(**validated_data)
        return existed

    def update(self, instance, validated_data):
        """
        修改商品數量
        :param instance:
        :param validated_data:
        :return:
        """
        instance.nums = validated_data["nums"]
        instance.save()
        return instance

跑到瀏覽器中接口測試，delete方法不用重寫，直接用。

 

 

 

 然后現在后端服務器應該返回的是nums與goods的id，我們還需要返回goods的詳情頁面，因此我們需要重寫序列化器。

from rest_framework import serializers

from goods.models import Goods
from .models import ShoppingCart
from goods.serializers import GoodsSerializer


class ShopCartDetailSerilizer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    goods = GoodsSerializer(many=False,)
    class Meta:
        model = ShoppingCart
        fields = "__all__"


class ShoppingCartSerializers(serializers.Serializer):
    user = serializers.HiddenField(
        default=serializers.CurrentUserDefault()
    )
    nums = serializers.IntegerField(required=True,min_value=1,label="數量",
                                    error_messages={
                                        "min_value":"商品數量不能小於一",
                                        "required":"請選擇購買數量"
                                    })
    goods = serializers.PrimaryKeyRelatedField(label="商品",queryset=Goods.objects.all(),required=True)

    def create(self, validated_data):
        user = self.context["request"].user
        nums = validated_data["nums"]
        goods = validated_data["goods"]

        existed = ShoppingCart.objects.filter(user=user,goods=goods)
        if existed:
            existed = existed[0]
            existed.nums += nums
            existed.save()
        else:
            existed = ShoppingCart.objects.create(**validated_data)
        return existed

    def update(self, instance, validated_data):
        """
        修改商品數量
        :param instance:
        :param validated_data:
        :return:
        """
        instance.nums = validated_data["nums"]
        instance.save()
        return instance

from rest_framework import viewsets
from rest_framework.authentication import SessionAuthentication
from rest_framework.permissions import IsAuthenticated
from rest_framework_jwt.authentication import JSONWebTokenAuthentication

from utils.permissions import IsOwnerOrReadOnly
from .serializers import ShoppingCartSerializers,ShopCartDetailSerilizer
from .models import ShoppingCart

# Create your views here.


class ShoppingCartViewset(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    """
    購物車功能
    list:
        獲取購物車詳情
    create:
        加入購物車
    delete:
        刪除購物車
    """
    permission_classes = (IsAuthenticated, IsOwnerOrReadOnly)
    authentication_classes = (JSONWebTokenAuthentication, SessionAuthentication)
    serializer_class = ShoppingCartSerializers
    lookup_field = "goods_id"#傳商品Id過來
    def get_serializer_class(self):
        if self.action == "list":
            return ShopCartDetailSerilizer
        else:
            return ShoppingCartSerializers

    def get_queryset(self):
        return ShoppingCart.objects.filter(user=self.request.user)

 

 運行成功，現在前端與后端聯調：

 

 購物車與配送地址都成功啦。

3、訂單管理接口

class OrderViewset(mixins.ListModelMixin,mixins.RetrieveModelMixin,mixins.CreateModelMixin,
                   mixins.DestroyModelMixin,viewsets.GenericViewSet):
    """
    list:
        獲取訂單
    delete:
        刪除訂單
    create:
        新增訂單
    """
    permission_classes = (IsAuthenticated, IsOwnerOrReadOnly)
    authentication_classes = (JSONWebTokenAuthentication, SessionAuthentication)
    serializer_class = OrderSerializer

    def get_queryset(self):
        return OrderInfo.objects.filter(user=self.request.user)

    def get_serializer_class(self):
        if self.action == "retrieve":
            return OrderDetailSerializer
        return OrderSerializer

    def perform_create(self, serializer):
        order = serializer.save()
        shop_carts = ShoppingCart.objects.filter(user=self.request.user)
        for shop_cart in shop_carts:
            order_goods = OrderGoods()
            order_goods.goods = shop_cart.goods
            order_goods.goods_num = shop_cart.nums
            order_goods.order = order
            order_goods.save()

            shop_cart.delete()
        return order

class OrderGoodsSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    goods = GoodsSerializer(many=False)
    class Meta:
        model = OrderGoods
        fields = "__all__"


class OrderDetailSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    #OrderInfo中的外鍵order需要設置relate_name
    goods = OrderGoodsSerializer(many=True)
    class Meta:
        model = OrderInfo
        fields = "__all__"


class OrderSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    user = serializers.HiddenField(
        default=serializers.CurrentUserDefault()
    )
    pay_status = serializers.CharField(read_only=True)
    order_sn = serializers.CharField(read_only=True)
    trade_no = serializers.CharField(read_only=True)
    pay_time = serializers.CharField(read_only=True)

    def generate_order_sn(self):
        #當前時間+userID+隨機數
        from random import Random
        random_int = Random()
        order_sn = "{time_str}{userid}{ranstr}".format(time_str=time.strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M%S"),
                                                       userid=self.context["request"].user.id,ranstr=random_int.randint(10,99))
        return order_sn

    def validate(self, attrs):
        attrs["order_sn"] = self.generate_order_sn()
        return attrs

    class Meta:
        model = OrderInfo
        fields = "__all__"

訂單接口涉及到增刪查，因此繼承mixins的相關類，在進行相關的序列化操作。以及相關記錄的隱藏設置權限，例如用戶的隱藏，