問題描述
我在2019年雙十一期間購買了一個海康威視e200p固態硬盤，裝在了我4年前的電腦上，准備讓它再戰五年。操作系統是windows10和ubuntu19雙系統。我在使用ubuntu19時會發現有時候硬盤燈長亮，然后電腦卡一下。我用以下命令查看日志文件
gedit /var/log/kern.log
發現在我電腦卡住的時候，會有很多這樣的日志記錄
Nov 19 16:51:28 kernel: [ 1716.668534] ata2.00: exception Emask 0x0 SAct 0x4018c000 SErr 0x0 action 0x6 frozen
Nov 19 16:51:28 kernel: [ 1716.668544] ata2.00: failed command: WRITE FPDMA QUEUED
Nov 19 16:51:28 kernel: [ 1716.668556] ata2.00: cmd 61/20:70:e0:fb:7a/00:00:24:00:00/40 tag 14 ncq dma 16384 out
Nov 19 16:51:28 kernel: [ 1716.668556] res 40/00:01:00:4f:c2/00:00:00:00:00/00 Emask 0x4 (timeout)
Nov 19 16:51:28 kernel: [ 1716.668561] ata2.00: status: { DRDY }
Nov 19 16:51:28 kernel: [ 1716.668565] ata2.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED
Nov 19 16:51:28 kernel: [ 1716.668574] ata2.00: cmd 60/08:78:08:04:bc/00:00:25:00:00/40 tag 15 ncq dma 4096 in
Nov 19 16:51:28 kernel: [ 1716.668574] res 40/00:01:00:4f:c2/00:00:00:00:00/00 Emask 0x4 (timeout)
Nov 19 16:51:28 kernel: [ 1716.668578] ata2.00: status: { DRDY }
Nov 19 16:51:28 kernel: [ 1716.668582] ata2.00: failed command: WRITE FPDMA QUEUED
Nov 19 16:51:28 kernel: [ 1716.668591] ata2.00: cmd 61/38:98:18:41:cb/00:00:2d:00:00/40 tag 19 ncq dma 28672 out
Nov 19 16:51:28 kernel: [ 1716.668591] res 40/00:ff:00:00:00/00:00:00:00:00/00 Emask 0x4 (timeout)
Nov 19 16:51:28 kernel: [ 1716.668594] ata2.00: status: { DRDY }
Nov 19 16:51:28 kernel: [ 1716.668598] ata2.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED
Nov 19 16:51:28 kernel: [ 1716.668606] ata2.00: cmd 60/08:a0:48:30:ff/00:00:3b:00:00/40 tag 20 ncq dma 4096 in
Nov 19 16:51:28 kernel: [ 1716.668606] res 40/00:01:00:00:00/00:00:00:00:00/00 Emask 0x4 (timeout)
Nov 19 16:51:28 kernel: [ 1716.668609] ata2.00: status: { DRDY }
Nov 19 16:51:28 kernel: [ 1716.668614] ata2.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED
Nov 19 16:51:28 kernel: [ 1716.668622] ata2.00: cmd 60/08:f0:f8:b1:78/00:00:1f:00:00/40 tag 30 ncq dma 4096 in
Nov 19 16:51:28 kernel: [ 1716.668622] res 40/00:00:00:00:00/00:00:00:00:00/00 Emask 0x4 (timeout)
Nov 19 16:51:28 kernel: [ 1716.668625] ata2.00: status: { DRDY }
Nov 19 16:51:28 kernel: [ 1716.668631] ata2: hard resetting link
Nov 19 16:51:28 kernel: [ 1716.983379] ata2: SATA link up 6.0 Gbps (SStatus 133 SControl 300)
Nov 19 16:51:28 kernel: [ 1716.983793] ata2.00: configured for UDMA/133
Nov 19 16:51:28 kernel: [ 1716.993891] ata2.00: device reported invalid CHS sector 0
Nov 19 16:51:28 kernel: [ 1716.993916] sd 1:0:0:0: [sda] tag#15 FAILED Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE
Nov 19 16:51:28 kernel: [ 1716.993922] sd 1:0:0:0: [sda] tag#15 Sense Key : Illegal Request [current]
Nov 19 16:51:28 kernel: [ 1716.993926] sd 1:0:0:0: [sda] tag#15 Add. Sense: Unaligned write command
Nov 19 16:51:28 kernel: [ 1716.993932] sd 1:0:0:0: [sda] tag#15 CDB: Read(10) 28 00 25 bc 04 08 00 00 08 00
Nov 19 16:51:28 kernel: [ 1716.993938] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 633078792 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x80700 phys_seg 1 prio class 0
Nov 19 16:51:28 kernel: [ 1716.993967] sd 1:0:0:0: [sda] tag#20 FAILED Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE
Nov 19 16:51:28 kernel: [ 1716.993971] sd 1:0:0:0: [sda] tag#20 Sense Key : Illegal Request [current]
Nov 19 16:51:28 kernel: [ 1716.993974] sd 1:0:0:0: [sda] tag#20 Add. Sense: Unaligned write command
Nov 19 16:51:28 kernel: [ 1716.993978] sd 1:0:0:0: [sda] tag#20 CDB: Read(10) 28 00 3b ff 30 48 00 00 08 00
Nov 19 16:51:28 kernel: [ 1716.993982] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 1006579784 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x80700 phys_seg 1 prio class 0
Nov 19 16:51:28 kernel: [ 1716.994000] ata2: EH complete
設置步驟
經過多次搜索發現可能關閉ncq就可以解決，於是嘗試一下：首先打開grub文件
sudo vi /etc/default/grub
然后在grub文件最后添加
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="libata.force=noncq"
最后運行如下代碼對“/boot/grub/grub.cfg”進行更新
sudo update-grub
重啟之后可以通過如下代碼查看NCQ是否已經關閉
dmesg | grep NCQ
如果關閉成功，會顯示not used等信息
[ 1.313263] ata2.00: 2000409264 sectors, multi 16: LBA48 NCQ (not used)
實驗結果
在關閉ncq之后的一天時間里，暫時未發現硬盤燈長亮電腦卡死等情況，日志里也未發現過之前的錯誤。我猜想可能是我古老的電腦裝了比較新的系統和固態硬盤造成的兼容性問題，最后希望國貨越來越好！