Python連接SqlServer+GUI嵌入式——學生管理系統1.0

學生管理系統1.0

1.建學生數據庫

2.數據庫嵌入高級語言（Python）

3.界面設計

 

簡化思路：

1.先通過SqlServer2012建立學生數據庫，包括賬號、密碼，姓名、選課等信息

2.運用Python的pymssql庫與SqlServer建立連接再用tkinter庫創建GUI界面

 

1）SqlServer建學生數據庫

 1 create database student_Mis  2 on  3 (name = student_Data,  4 filename='F:\SQL list\student_mis_data.mdf',  5 size = 20,  6 maxsize = 100,  7 filegrowth = 10)  8 log on  9 (name = student_Log, 10 filename = 'F:\SQL list\student_mis_log.ldf', 11 size = 5mb, 12 maxsize = 50mb, 13 filegrowth = 5mb)

2）在學生庫內建表並插入數據

 1 create table Students  2 (學號 char(10) primary key,  3 密碼 varchar(20) not null,  4 姓名 char(20) not null,  5 性別 char(5),  6 出生日期 date  7 )  8  9 create table Course 10 (課程名 char(30) not null, 11 課程老師 char(20) not null, 12 課程號 char(10) primary key) 13 14 create table Report 15 (學號 char(10), 16 課程號 char(10), 17 成績 int, 18 primary key(學號,課程號), 19 constraint Students_Report foreign key(學號) references Students, 20 constraint Couse_Report foreign key(課程號) references Course) 21 22 23 insert 24 into Students 25 values 26 ('2018165201','12345678','李銘','男','2000-02-01'), 27 ('2018165202','12345678','劉曉鳴','男','2000-08-02'), 28 ('2018165203','12345678','李明','男','1999-07-09'), 29 ('2018165204','12345678','張鷹','女','1998-08-20'), 30 ('2018165205','12345678','劉竟靜','女','1999-09-09'), 31 ('2018165206','12345678','劉成剛','男','2000-10-10'), 32 ('2018165207','12345678','王銘','男','2000-01-01'), 33 ('2018165118','12345678','右耳朵耗子','男','1998-08-25') 34 35 insert 36 into Course 37 values 38 ('數據庫', '美美', '20185101'), 39 ('概率論', '楊曉東', '20185102'), 40 ('C語言', '黃曉明', '20185103'), 41 ('計算機基礎', '徐明', '20185104') 42 43 insert 44 into Report 45 values 46 ('2018165201','20185101', '90'), 47 ('2018165201','20185102', '80'), 48 ('2018165201','20185103', '99'), 49 ('2018165201','20185104', '88'), 50 51 ('2018165202','20185101', '70'), 52 ('2018165202','20185102', '90'), 53 ('2018165202','20185103', '90'), 54 ('2018165202','20185104', '78'), 55 56 ('2018165203','20185101', '89'), 57 ('2018165203','20185102', '85'), 58 ('2018165203','20185103', '90'), 59 ('2018165203','20185104', '67'), 60 61 ('2018165204','20185101', '88'), 62 ('2018165204','20185102', '85'), 63 ('2018165204','20185103', '85'), 64 ('2018165204','20185104', '85'), 65 66 ('2018165205','20185101', '90'), 67 ('2018165205','20185102', '90'), 68 ('2018165205','20185103', '90'), 69 ('2018165205','20185104', '90'), 70 71 ('2018165206','20185101', '0'), 72 ('2018165206','20185102', '0'), 73 ('2018165206','20185103', '0'), 74 ('2018165206','20185104', '0'), 75 76 ('2018165207','20185101', '0'), 77 ('2018165207','20185102', '0'), 78 ('2018165207','20185103', '0'), 79 ('2018165207','20185104', '0'), 80 ('2018165118','20185101', '100'), 81 ('2018165118','20185102', '100'), 82 ('2018165118','20185103', '100'), 83 ('2018165118','20185104', '100')

 

 3）Python建立連接並實現GUI界面

# ======================
#       imports
# ======================

from tkinter import *
from tkinter import ttk
import pymssql

# import uuid
# import _mssql
# import decimal

from tkinter import messagebox
class Basedesk():
    """
    基准框模塊
    """
    def __init__(self, master):


        self.root = master
        self.root.config()
        self.root.title('教務管理系統')
        self.width = 380  # 界面寬
        self.height = 300   # 界面高
        # 獲取屏幕尺寸以計算布局參數，使窗口居屏幕中央
        self.screenwidth = self.root.winfo_screenwidth()  # 屏幕寬
        self.screenheight = self.root.winfo_screenheight()  # 屏幕高
        self.alignstr = '%dx%d+%d+%d' % (self.width, self.height, (self.screenwidth-self.width)/2, (self.screenheight-self.height)/2)
        self.root.geometry(self.alignstr)
        self.R = Register(self.root)
        self.R.reigister(self.root)


class Register():

    def __init__(self, master):
        self.root = master
        # 基准框架 """以下三行需根據個人實際修改"""
        self.ip = ' 填入個人ip地址 '
        self.id = ' 填入個人使用的SqlServer的賬號 '
        self.pd = ' 填入SqlServer賬號對應密碼 '

    """
        登錄模塊
    """
    def reigister(self, master):
        # 賬號密碼輸入框
        self.initface = LabelFrame(self.root, text='教務系統登錄', font=('微軟雅黑', 14))
        self.initface.grid(padx=85, pady=30, )

        self.people = Label(self.initface, text='賬號')  # 賬號
        self.people.grid(row=1, column=0, padx=10, pady=10)
        self.password = Label(self.initface, text='密碼')   # 密碼
        self.password.grid(row=2, column=0, padx=10, pady=10)
        self.var1 = StringVar
        self.var2 = StringVar
        self.entry_people = Entry(self.initface, textvariable=self.var1)   # 賬號輸入框
        self.entry_people.grid(row=1, column=1, padx=10, pady=10)
        self.entry_password = Entry(self.initface, textvariable=self.var2, show='*')    # 密碼輸入框
        self.entry_password.grid(row=2, column=1, padx=10, pady=10)
        self.button_into = Button(self.initface, text='登錄', command=self.conn)   # 登錄按鈕
        self.button_into.grid(row=3, column=0, padx=20, pady=20)
        self.button_into = Button(self.initface, text='退出', command=self.root.quit)  # 退出按鈕
        self.button_into.grid(row=3, column=1, padx=20, pady=20)
    def conn(self):
        self.connect = pymssql.connect(self.ip, self.id, self.pd,  'student_Mis1')  # 服務器名，賬戶，密碼，數據庫名
        self.cursor = self.connect.cursor()
        if self.connect:
            print('連接成功')
        self.sql = "select Students.學號,Students.密碼 from Students"

        self.cursor.execute(self.sql)
        self.result = self.cursor.fetchone()
        self.man = self.entry_people.get()
        # self.pd = self.entry_password.get()
        while self.result:
            print('%s|%s' % (self.result[0], self.result[1]))

            if self.result[0] == self.entry_people.get() and self.result[1] == self.entry_password.get():
                print('賬號密碼正確')

                self.initface.destroy()  #  銷毀initface
                self.check()

                break

            else:

                self.result = self.cursor.fetchone()
        else:
            # 賬號或密碼錯誤清空輸入框
            self.entry_people.delete(0, END)
            self.entry_password.delete(0, END)
            messagebox.showinfo(title='提示', message='賬號或密碼輸入錯誤\n請重新輸入?')
            # break


        self.cursor.close()
        self.connect.close()

    """
        選擇模塊
    """
    def check(self):
        self.frame_checkbutton = LabelFrame(self.root, text='功能選擇', font=('微軟雅黑', 14))
        self.frame_checkbutton.grid(padx=60, pady=30)
        # 查詢成績按鈕

        self.button_success = Button(self.frame_checkbutton, text='查詢成績', width=10, height=2, command=self.success)
        self.button_success.grid(row=0, column=0, padx=20, pady=20)
        # 修改密碼按鈕
        self.button_revise = Button(self.frame_checkbutton, text='修改密碼', width=10, height=2, command=self.revise)
        self.button_revise.grid(row=0, column=1, padx=20, pady=20)

    def success(self):

        # 連接數據庫
        self.connect = pymssql.connect(self.ip, self.id, self.pd,  'student_Mis1')  # 服務器名，賬戶，密碼，數據庫名
        if self.connect:
            print('連接成功')
            print(self.man)
            # 查詢語句
            search_sql = "select  convert(nvarchar(20), 姓名) ,Students.學號,convert(nvarchar(20), 課程名) ,成績 from  Students, Report, Course " \
                         "where Students.學號=Report.學號 and Report.課程號=Course.課程號 and Students.學號=%s" % self.man

            # 創建游標
            self.cursor1 = self.connect.cursor()
            self.cursor1.execute(search_sql)
            self.row = self.cursor1.fetchone()  # 讀取查詢結果

            # 表格框
            root = Tk()   # 初始框的聲明
            root.geometry('500x400+100+100')
            root.title('成績查詢系統')
            columns = ("姓名", "學號", "課程", "成績")
            self.treeview = ttk.Treeview(root, height=18, show="headings", columns=columns)
            self.treeview.column("姓名", width=150, anchor='center')  # 表示列,不顯示
            self.treeview.column("學號", width=100, anchor='center')
            self.treeview.column("課程", width=150, anchor='center')
            self.treeview.column("成績", width=100, anchor='center')

            self.treeview.heading("姓名", text="姓名")  # 顯示表頭
            self.treeview.heading("學號", text="學號")
            self.treeview.heading("課程", text="課程")
            self.treeview.heading("成績", text="成績")
            self.treeview.pack(side=LEFT, fill=BOTH)

            # 插入數據
            while self.row:
                self.treeview.insert('', 0, values=(self.row[0], self.row[1], self.row[2], self.row[3]))
                self.row = self.cursor1.fetchone()  # 讀取查詢結果,

            self.cursor1.close()
            self.connect.close()
            root.mainloop()


    def revise(self):
        self.window = Tk()  # 初始框的聲明
        self.window.geometry('400x200+100+100')
        self.window.title('密碼修改管理')
        self.frame_revise = LabelFrame(self.window)
        self.frame_revise.grid(padx=60, pady=60)
        self.label_revise = Label(self.frame_revise, text='新密碼：')
        self.label_revise.grid(row=0, column=0, padx=10, pady=10)
        self.var3 = StringVar
        self.entry_revise = Entry(self.frame_revise, textvariable=self.var3)
        self.entry_revise.grid(row=0, column=1, padx=10, pady=10)
        self.button_ok = Button(self.frame_revise, text='確定', command=self.ok)
        self.button_ok.grid(row=1, column=0)
        self.button_resive = Button(self.frame_revise, text='取消', command=self.resive)
        self.button_resive.grid(row=1, column=1)
        self.button_quit = Button(self.frame_revise, text='退出', command=self.window.destroy)
        self.button_quit.grid(row=1, column=2)

    def ok(self):
        # 連接數據庫
        self.connect = pymssql.connect(self.ip, self.id, self.pd, 'student_Mis1')  # 服務器名，賬戶，密碼，數據庫名
        self.cursor2 = self.connect.cursor()  # 創建游標
        sql_revise = "update Students set 密碼=%s where 學號=%s" % (self.entry_revise.get(), self.man)

        if self.connect:
            print('連接成功')
            print(self.man)
            self.cursor2.execute(sql_revise)
            self.connect.commit()
            print(self.entry_revise.get())
            messagebox.showinfo(title='提示', message='密碼修改成功!')
            self.cursor2.close()
            self.connect.close()

    def resive(self):
        self.entry_revise.delete(0, END)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    root = Tk()
    Basedesk(root)
    mainloop()

效果圖：

1)登錄界面

 

 

2）功能選擇

 

 

3）成績查詢

 

 

4）密碼修改

 

 

 

缺點：1.功能較少，僅查詢成績與修改個人密碼。

　　　2.界面設計較簡陋。

 　　   3.數據模式設計還不夠完整合理

說明：主要運用Python的pymssql和tkinter庫和類定義等方法做出這個嵌入式作業，將於空閑時間繼續改進，設計出更合理的數據關系模式。