c# 通過發送arp包獲取ip等信息

利用dns類和WMI規范獲取IP及MAC地址

在C#編程中,要獲取主機名和主機IP地址,是比較容易的.它提供的Dns類,可以輕松的取得主機名和IP地址.

示例:
string strHostName = Dns.GetHostName(); //得到本機的主機名
IPHostEntry ipEntry = Dns.GetHostByName(strHostName); //取得本機IP
string strAddr = ipEntry.AddressList[0].ToString(); //假設本地主機為單網卡

在這段代碼中使用了兩個類,一個是Dns類,另一個為IPHostEntry類,二者都存在於命名空間System.Net中.
Dns類主要是從域名系統(DNS)中檢索關於特定主機的信息,上面的代碼第一行就從本地的DNS中檢索出本地主機名.
IPHostEntry類則將一個域名系統或主機名與一組IP地址相關聯,它與DNS類一起使用,用於獲取主機的IP地址組.
要獲取遠程主機的IP地址,其方法也是大同小異.

在獲取了IP地址后,如果還需要取得網卡的MAC地址,就需要進一步探究了.
這里又分兩種情況,一是本機MAC地址,二是遠程主機MAC地址.二者的獲取是完全不同的.
在獲取本機的MAC地址時,可以使用WMI規范,通過SELECT語句提取MAC地址.在.NET框架中,WMI規范的實現定義在System.Management命名空間中.
ManagementObjectSearcher類用於根據指定的查詢檢索管理對象的集合
ManagementObjectCollection類為管理對象的集合,下例中由檢索對象返回管理對象集合賦值給它.

示例:
ManagementObjectSearcher query =new ManagementObjectSearcher("SELECT * FROM Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration") ;
ManagementObjectCollection queryCollection = query.Get();
foreach( ManagementObject mo in queryCollection )
{
   if(mo["IPEnabled"].ToString() == "True")
   mac = mo["MacAddress"].ToString();
}

獲取遠程主機的MAC地址時,需要借用API函數SendARP.該函數使用ARP協議,向目的主機發送ARP包,利用返回並存儲在高速緩存中的IP和MAC地址對,從而獲取遠程主機的MAC地址.

示例:
Int32 ldest= inet_addr(remoteIP); //目的ip
Int32 lhost= inet_addr(localIP); //本地ip
try
{
   Int64 macinfo = new Int64();
   Int32 len = 6;
   int res = SendARP(ldest,0, ref macinfo, ref len); //發送ARP包
   return Convert.ToString(macinfo,16);
}
catch(Exception err)
{
   Console.WriteLine("Error:{0}",err.Message);
}
return 0.ToString();

但使用該方式獲取MAC時有一個很大的限制,就是只能獲取同網段的遠程主機MAC地址.因為在標准網絡協議下，ARP包是不能跨網段傳輸的，故想通過ARP協議是無法查詢跨網段設備MAC地址的。

示例程序全部代碼:

 

using System.Net;
using System;
using System.Management;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;

    public class ArpHelper
    {


        [DllImport("Iphlpapi.dll")]
        private static extern int SendARP(Int32 dest, Int32 host, ref Int64 mac, ref Int32 length);
        [DllImport("Ws2_32.dll")]
        private static extern Int32 inet_addr(string ip);

        //使用arp -a命令獲取ip和mac地址
        public List<MacIpPair> GetAllMacAddressesAndIppairs()
        {
            List<MacIpPair> mip = new List<MacIpPair>();
            System.Diagnostics.Process pProcess = new System.Diagnostics.Process();
            pProcess.StartInfo.FileName = "arp";
            pProcess.StartInfo.Arguments = "-a ";
            pProcess.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = false;
            pProcess.StartInfo.RedirectStandardOutput = true;
            pProcess.StartInfo.CreateNoWindow = true;
            pProcess.Start();
            string cmdOutput = pProcess.StandardOutput.ReadToEnd();
            string pattern = @"(?<ip>([0-9]{1,3}\.?){4})\s*(?<mac>([a-f0-9]{2}-?){6})";

            foreach (Match m in Regex.Matches(cmdOutput, pattern, RegexOptions.IgnoreCase))
            {
                mip.Add(new MacIpPair()
                {
                    MacAddress = m.Groups["mac"].Value,
                    IpAddress = m.Groups["ip"].Value
                });
            }

            return mip;
        }

        //獲取本機的IP
        public MacIpPair GetLocalIpInfo()
        {
            string strHostName = Dns.GetHostName(); //得到本機的主機名
            IPHostEntry ipEntry = Dns.GetHostByName(strHostName); //取得本機IP
            string strAddr = ipEntry.AddressList[0].ToString(); //假設本地主機為單網卡

            string mac = "";
            ManagementObjectSearcher query = new ManagementObjectSearcher("SELECT * FROM Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration");
            ManagementObjectCollection queryCollection = query.Get();
            foreach (ManagementObject mo in queryCollection)
            {
                if (mo["IPEnabled"].ToString() == "True")
                    mac = mo["MacAddress"].ToString();
            }

            return new MacIpPair { HostName = strHostName, IpAddress = strAddr, MacAddress = mac };
        }

        //獲取本機的MAC
        public string getLocalMac()
        {
            string mac = null;
            ManagementObjectSearcher query = new ManagementObjectSearcher("SELECT * FROM Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration");
            ManagementObjectCollection queryCollection = query.Get();
            foreach (ManagementObject mo in queryCollection)
            {
                if (mo["IPEnabled"].ToString() == "True")
                    mac = mo["MacAddress"].ToString();
            }
            return (mac);
        }

        //根據主機名獲取遠程主機IP
        public string[] getRemoteIP(string RemoteHostName)
        {
            IPHostEntry ipEntry = Dns.GetHostByName(RemoteHostName);
            IPAddress[] IpAddr = ipEntry.AddressList;
            string[] strAddr = new string[IpAddr.Length];
            for (int i = 0; i < IpAddr.Length; i++)
            {
                strAddr[i] = IpAddr[i].ToString();
            }
            return strAddr;
        }

        //根據ip獲取遠程主機名
        public string GetRemoteHostName(string ip)
        {
            var d = Dns.GetHostEntry(ip);
            return d.HostName;
        }

        //獲取遠程主機MAC
        public string getRemoteMac(string localIP, string remoteIP)
        {
            string res = "FFFFFFFFFFFF";
            Int32 rdest = inet_addr(remoteIP); //目的ip 
            Int32 lhost = inet_addr(localIP); //本地ip 

            try
            {
                //throw new Exception();
                Int64 macinfo = new Int64();
                Int32 len = 6;
                int sendRes = SendARP(rdest, lhost, ref macinfo, ref len);
                var mac = Convert.ToString(macinfo, 16);


                return formatMacAddres(mac);
            }
            catch (Exception err)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Error:{0}", err.Message);
            }
            return formatMacAddres(res);
        }

        private string formatMacAddres(string macAdd)
        {
            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
            macAdd = macAdd.Length == 11 ? "0" + macAdd : macAdd;
            if (macAdd.Length == 12)
            {
                int i = 0;
                while (i < macAdd.Length)
                {
                    string tmp = macAdd.Substring(i, 2) + "-";
                    sb.Insert(0, tmp);
                    //sb.Append(tmp, 0, tmp.Length);
                    i += 2;
                }
            }
            else
            {
                sb = new StringBuilder("000000000000");
            }
            return sb.ToString().Trim('-').ToUpper();

        }

    }

 

 

 

出處：https://www.cnblogs.com/purplenight/articles/2688241.html