一、獲取交換機snmp信息

snmp服務IP（交換機IP）：172.20.2.83

snmp community：dfetest

二、部署 snmp_exporter

2.1 下載snmp_exporter

下載snmp_exporter安裝包，下載地址：https://github.com/prometheus/snmp_exporter/releases

下載完成后，上傳至機器的 /usr/local 目錄下

解壓安裝包

#   tar -zvxf snmp_exporter-0.15.0.linux-arm64.tar.gz # mv snmp_exporter-0.15.0.linux-arm64/ snmp_exporter

2.2 配置snmp_exporter

snmp_exporter的配置文件需要自己通過SNMP Exporter Config Generator 項目編譯生成，

參考方法： https://github.com/prometheus/snmp_exporter/tree/master/generator#file-format

由於Prometheus使用go語言開發的，所以自己編譯生成snmp_exporter的配置文件需要go環境，Linux中安裝go環境可參考：https://www.cnblogs.com/guoxiangyue/p/11772717.html 中安裝go環境章節

go環境安裝以后，構建snmp exporter config Generator，執行以下操作：

#  yum -y install git # yum -y install gcc gcc-g++ make net-snmp net-snmp-utils net-snmp-libs net-snmp-devel # go get github.com/prometheus/snmp_exporter/generator # cd ${GOPATH-$HOME/go}/src/github.com/prometheus/snmp_exporter/generator # go build # make mibs

編譯完成后，修改當前目錄下的generator.yml 文件，generator.yml文件的配置可以參考 https://github.com/prometheus/snmp_exporter/tree/master/generator#file-format ，generator.yml文件中只需要注入snmp的community即可,下面僅修改了modules.if_mib.auth字段，其余與 File Format 中一致。

#  vim generator.yml

generator.yml 中module.if_mib.auth字段：

modules: # Default IF-MIB interfaces table with ifIndex. if_mib: walk: [sysUpTime, interfaces, ifXTable] version: 1 auth: community: dfetest lookups: - source_indexes: [ifIndex] lookup: ifAlias - source_indexes: [ifIndex] lookup: ifDescr - source_indexes: [ifIndex] # Use OID to avoid conflict with Netscaler NS-ROOT-MIB. lookup: 1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.1 # ifName overrides: ifAlias: ignore: true # Lookup metric ifDescr: ignore: true # Lookup metric ifName: ignore: true # Lookup metric ifType: type: EnumAsInfo

修改完成后，保存退出，執行以下操作，生成新的 snmp.yml 文件

#   export MIBDIRS=mibs # ./generator generate

將新生成的snmp.yml 替換掉原snmp_exporter中的snmp.yml

#   cp snmp.yml /usr/local/snmp_exporter

2.3 驗證並設置snmp_exporter 服務開機啟動

#   cd /usr/local/snmp_exporter # ./snmp_exporter

開啟服務端口在9116上，瀏覽器訪問 http://192.168.56.200:9116 , 在 Target 輸入框中填入交換機IP地址，點擊 submit 按鈕，出現數據，在snmp_exporter 配置成功。

2.4 設置snmp_exporter 以服務方式，開機啟動

Ctrl+C 結束掉 snmp_exporter 進程，創建 snmp_exporter 服務，讓 snmp_exporter 以服務的方式，開機自啟。

添加系統服務

#   vim /etc/systemd/system/snmp_exporter.service

將以下內容寫入文件中

[Unit] Description=node_exporter After=network.target [Service] ExecStart=/usr/local/snmp_exporter/snmp_exporter Restart=on-failure [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target

啟動服務，設置開機自啟

#  systemctl daemon-reload # systemctl enable snmp_exporter # systemctl start snmp_exporter

三、修改Prometheus 配置

進入Prometheus的安裝文件夾，打開Prometheus配置文件

#  cd /usr/local/prometheus
#  vim prometheus.yml

在scrape_configs標簽下，添加以下內容，配置監控。params.module中可以配置需要抓取的模塊，不配置表示全部抓取。

- job_name: 'snmp' scrape_interval: 10s static_configs: - targets: - 172.20.2.83 # 交換機IP地址 metrics_path: /snmp # params: # module: [if_mib] relabel_configs: - source_labels: [__address__] target_label: __param_target - source_labels: [__param_target] target_label: instance - target_label: __address__ replacement: 192.168.56.200:9116 # snmp_exporter 服務IP地址

以下是Prometheus.yml 文件全部內容

# my global config global: scrape_interval: 15s # Set the scrape interval to every 15 seconds. Default is every 1 minute. evaluation_interval: 15s # Evaluate rules every 15 seconds. The default is every 1 minute. # scrape_timeout is set to the global default (10s). # Alertmanager configuration alerting: alertmanagers: - static_configs: - targets: # - alertmanager:9093 # Load rules once and periodically evaluate them according to the global 'evaluation_interval'. rule_files: # - "first_rules.yml" # - "second_rules.yml" # A scrape configuration containing exactly one endpoint to scrape: # Here it's Prometheus itself.
scrape_configs: # The job name is added as a label `job=<job_name>` to any timeseries scraped from this config. - job_name: 'prometheus' # metrics_path defaults to '/metrics' # scheme defaults to 'http'. static_configs: - targets: ['localhost:9090'] - job_name: 'Linux' static_configs: - targets: ['192.168.56.201:9100'] labels: instance: Linux - job_name: 'Windows' static_configs: - targets: ['192.168.56.1:9182'] labels: instance: Windows - job_name: 'snmp' scrape_interval: 10s static_configs: - targets: - 172.20.2.83 # 交換機IP地址 metrics_path: /snmp # params: # module: [if_mib] relabel_configs: - source_labels: [__address__] target_label: __param_target - source_labels: [__param_target] target_label: instance - target_label: __address__ replacement: 192.168.56.200:9116 # snmp_exporter 服務IP地址