Spring動態代理及Spring Bean的生命周期


數組添加值

 

public class DiTest {
    /**
     * 數組
     */
    private String [] arrays;

    /**
     * List:集合
     */
    private List<Integer> lists;

    /**
     * Set:   無序集合
     */
    private Set<String> sets;

    /**
     * Map
     */
    private Map<String,Object> maps;

    /**
     * 配置
     */
    private Properties properties;

首先先編寫一個applicationContextList.xml大配置文件

然后在到大配置里面配置實體類名

<bean id="diTest" class="com.wdkseft.entity.DiTest">


數組(arrays)

<!--數組-->
<property name="arrays">
    <array>
        <value>呵呵</value>
        <value>啦啦</value>
    </array>
</property>

List

<!--list-->
<property name="lists">
    <list>
        <value>18</value>
        <value>19</value>
    </list>
</property>

Set

<!--set-->
<property name="sets">
    <set>
        <value>ashdads</value>
        <value>ajfiasdj</value>
    </set>
</property>

Map

<!--Map-->
<property name="maps">
    <map>
        <entry key="name" value="lll"></entry>
        <entry key="age" value="18"></entry>
    </map>
</property>

properties

<!--properties-->
<property name="properties">
    <props>
        <prop key="jdbc.drver">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</prop>
        <prop key="jdbc.username">root</prop>
    </props>
</property>

單步執行

@Test
public void List(){
    ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContextList.xml");
    DiTest diTest = (DiTest) ctx.getBean("diTest");
    System.out.println(diTest.toString());
}

靜態代理

  首先先聲明一個主題

/**
 * 抽象主題:真實業務接口
 */
public interface Subject {
    void doSome();
}

  然后聲明一個真實的主題   生成真實主題的方法

//真實主題
private Subject subject=new RealSubject();
public class ProxySubject implements Subject {
    //真實主題
    private Subject subject=new RealSubject();
    @Override
    public void doSome() {
        //aop思想:增強
        System.out.println("前置增強==========");
        subject.doSome();
        System.out.println("后置增強==========");
    }
}

5.使用多種方式實現AOP

  Spring AOP實現原理:動態代理

5.1 JDK動態代理

JDK動態代理所用到的代理類在程序調用到代理類對象時才由JVM真正創建JVM根據傳進來的 業務實現類對象 以及 方法名 ,動態地創建了一個代理類的class文件並被字節碼引擎執行,然后通過該代理類對象進行方法調用

/**
 * 真實主題:將雨業務代碼封裝到這里
 */
public class RealSubject implements Subject {
    @Override
    public void doSome() {
        System.out.println("==============真實業務=============");
    }
}

2. 調用接口

public class ProxySubject implements Subject {
    //真實主題
    private Subject subject=new RealSubject();
    @Override
    public void doSome() {
        //aop思想:增強
        System.out.println("前置增強==========");
        subject.doSome();
        System.out.println("后置增強==========");
    }
}

單步執行

@Test
public void Spring(){
    ProxySubject proxySubject = new ProxySubject();
    proxySubject.doSome();
}

5.2 CGLIB動態代理

    CGLIB是針對類來實現代理的,原理是對指定的業務類生成一個子類,並覆蓋其中業務方法實現代理。因為采用的是繼承,所以不能對final修飾的類進行代理JDK動態代理的基礎之上新建新的代理工廠Bean

/**
 * 業務類
 */
public class IService {
    public void doSome(){
        System.out.println("我是實現業務的方法");
    }
}

編寫測試類

public static void main(String[] args) {
    //CGLIB動態代理(當前項目必須有CGLIB的支持)

    //步驟一:目標對象
    final IService iService=new IService();
    //步驟二:通過CGLIB提供的Enhancer類生成代理
    Enhancer enhancer=new Enhancer();
    //步驟三:指定需要代理的目標對象模板(將目標對象放入到代理工廠當中,生成代理對象)
    enhancer.setSuperclass(iService.getClass());
    //步驟四:實現增強的處理操作
    enhancer.setCallback(new MethodInterceptor() {
        /**
         *
         * @param o             目標對象
         * @param method        目標對象的方法
         * @param objects       目標對象方法內的參數
         * @param methodProxy   代理目標對象方法
         * @return
         * @throws Throwable
         */
        @Override
        public Object intercept(Object o, Method method, Object[] objects, MethodProxy methodProxy) throws Throwable {
            System.out.println("前置");

            Object invoke = methodProxy.invoke(iService, objects);
            System.out.println("后置");
            return invoke;
        }
    });
//最后一步:創建代理
IService iServiceProxy = (IService)enhancer.create();
iServiceProxy.doSome();

6.Spring Bean的生命周期

6.1生命周期流程圖:

Spring Bean的完整生命周期從創建Spring容器開始,直到最終Spring容器銷毀Bean,這其中包含了一系列關鍵點。

  

 

 

 若容器注冊了以上各種接口,程序那么將會按照以上的流程進行。下面將仔細講解各接口作用。

 

6.2各種接口方法分類

Bean的完整生命周期經歷了各種方法調用,這些方法可以划分為以下幾類:

1、Bean自身的方法:這個包括了Bean本身調用的方法和通過配置文件中<bean>的init-method和destroy-method指定的方法

2、Bean級生命周期接口方法:這個包括了BeanNameAware、BeanFactoryAware、InitializingBean和DiposableBean這些接口的方法

3、容器級生命周期接口方法:這個包括了InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor 和 BeanPostProcessor 這兩個接口實現,一般稱它們的實現類為“后處理器”。

4、工廠后處理器接口方法:這個包括了AspectJWeavingEnabler, ConfigurationClassPostProcessor, CustomAutowireConfigurer等等非常有用的工廠后處理器  接口的方法。工廠后處理器也是容器級的。在應用上下文裝配配置文件之后立即調用。

6.3演示


1、首先是一個簡單的Spring Bean,調用Bean自身的方法和Bean級生命周期接口方法,為了方便演示,它實現了BeanNameAware、BeanFactoryAware、InitializingBean和DiposableBean這4個接口,同時有2個方法,對應配置文件中<bean>的init-method和destroy-method。如下:

/**
 * @author qsk
 */
public class Person implements BeanFactoryAware, BeanNameAware,
        InitializingBean, DisposableBean {
    private String name;
    private String address;
    private int phone;
    private BeanFactory beanFactory;
    private String beanName;
    public Person() {
        System.out.println("【構造器】調用Person的構造器實例化");
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        System.out.println("【注入屬性】注入屬性name");
        this.name = name;
    }
    public String getAddress() {
        return address;
    }
    public void setAddress(String address) {
        System.out.println("【注入屬性】注入屬性address");
        this.address = address;
    }
    public int getPhone() {
        return phone;
    }
    public void setPhone(int phone) {
        System.out.println("【注入屬性】注入屬性phone");
        this.phone = phone;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Person [address=" + address + ", name=" + name + ", phone="+ phone + "]";
    }
    // 這是BeanFactoryAware接口方法
    @Override
    public void setBeanFactory(BeanFactory arg0) throws BeansException {
        System.out.println("【BeanFactoryAware接口】調用BeanFactoryAware.setBeanFactory()");
        this.beanFactory = arg0;
    }

    // 這是BeanNameAware接口方法
    @Override
    public void setBeanName(String arg0) {
        System.out.println("【BeanNameAware接口】調用BeanNameAware.setBeanName()");
        this.beanName = arg0;
    }

    // 這是InitializingBean接口方法
    @Override
    public void afterPropertiesSet() throws Exception {
        System.out
                .println("【InitializingBean接口】調用InitializingBean.afterPropertiesSet()");
    }

    // 這是DiposibleBean接口方法
    @Override
    public void destroy() throws Exception {
        System.out.println("【DiposibleBean接口】調用DiposibleBean.destory()");
    }

    // 通過<bean>的init-method屬性指定的初始化方法
    public void myInit() {
        System.out.println("【init-method】調用<bean>的init-method屬性指定的初始化方法");
    }

    // 通過<bean>的destroy-method屬性指定的初始化方法
    public void myDestory() {
        System.out.println("【destroy-method】調用<bean>的destroy-method屬性指定的初始化方法");
    }
}

2、接下來是演示BeanPostProcessor接口的方法,如下:

 

package springBeanTest;
import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanPostProcessor;
public class MyBeanPostProcessor implements BeanPostProcessor {
    public MyBeanPostProcessor() {
        super();
        System.out.println("這是BeanPostProcessor實現類構造器!!");
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }
    @Override
    public Object postProcessAfterInitialization(Object arg0, String arg1)
            throws BeansException {
        System.out
        .println("BeanPostProcessor接口方法postProcessAfterInitialization對屬性進行更改!");
        return arg0;
    }

    @Override
    public Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object arg0, String arg1)
            throws BeansException {
        System.out
        .println("BeanPostProcessor接口方法postProcessBeforeInitialization對屬性進行更改!");
        return arg0;
    }
}

如上,BeanPostProcessor接口包括2個方法postProcessAfterInitialization和postProcessBeforeInitialization,這兩個方法的第一個參數都是要處理的Bean對象,第二個參數都是Bean的name。返回值也都是要處理的Bean對象。這里要注意

3、InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor 接口本質是BeanPostProcessor的子接口,一般我們繼承Spring為其提供的適配器類InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor Adapter來使用它,如下:

package springBeanTest;

import java.beans.PropertyDescriptor;

import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.beans.PropertyValues;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessorAdapter;

public class MyInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor extends
        InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessorAdapter {

    public MyInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor() {
        super();
        System.out
                .println("這是InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessorAdapter實現類構造器!!");
    }

    // 接口方法、實例化Bean之前調用
    @Override
    public Object postProcessBeforeInstantiation(Class beanClass,
            String beanName) throws BeansException {
        System.out
                .println("InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor調用postProcessBeforeInstantiation方法");
        return null;
    }

    // 接口方法、實例化Bean之后調用
    @Override
    public Object postProcessAfterInitialization(Object bean, String beanName)
            throws BeansException {
        System.out
                .println("InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor調用postProcessAfterInitialization方法");
        return bean;
    }

    // 接口方法、設置某個屬性時調用
    @Override
    public PropertyValues postProcessPropertyValues(PropertyValues pvs,
            PropertyDescriptor[] pds, Object bean, String beanName)
            throws BeansException {
        System.out
                .println("InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor調用postProcessPropertyValues方法");
        return pvs;
    }
}

這個有3個方法,其中第二個方法postProcessAfterInitialization就是重寫了BeanPostProcessor的方法。第三個方法postProcessPropertyValues用來操作屬性,返回值也應該是PropertyValues對象。 

package springBeanTest;

import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanDefinition;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanFactoryPostProcessor;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.ConfigurableListableBeanFactory;

public class MyBeanFactoryPostProcessor implements BeanFactoryPostProcessor {
    public MyBeanFactoryPostProcessor() {
        super();
        System.out.println("這是BeanFactoryPostProcessor實現類構造器!!");
    }

    @Override
    public void postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory arg0)
            throws BeansException {
        System.out
                .println("BeanFactoryPostProcessor調用postProcessBeanFactory方法");
        BeanDefinition bd = arg0.getBeanDefinition("person");
        bd.getPropertyValues().addPropertyValue("phone", "110");
    }

}

5、配置文件如下beans.xml,很簡單,使用ApplicationContext,處理器不用手動注冊:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd">

    <bean id="beanPostProcessor" class="springBeanTest.MyBeanPostProcessor">
    </bean>

    <bean id="instantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor" class="springBeanTest.MyInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor">
    </bean>

    <bean id="beanFactoryPostProcessor" class="springBeanTest.MyBeanFactoryPostProcessor">
    </bean>
    
    <bean id="person" class="springBeanTest.Person" init-method="myInit"
        destroy-method="myDestory" scope="singleton" p:name="張三" p:address="廣州"
        p:phone="15900000000" />

</beans>

6、下面測試一下:

package springBeanTest;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class BeanLifeCycle {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        System.out.println("現在開始初始化容器");
        
        ApplicationContext factory = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("springBeanTest/beans.xml");
        System.out.println("容器初始化成功");    
        //得到Preson,並使用
        Person person = factory.getBean("person",Person.class);
        System.out.println(person);
        
        System.out.println("現在開始關閉容器!");
        ((ClassPathXmlApplicationContext)factory).registerShutdownHook();
    }
}

關閉容器使用的是實際是AbstractApplicationContext的鈎子方法。
我們來看一下結果:

現在開始初始化容器
2014-5-18 15:46:20 org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext prepareRefresh
信息: Refreshing org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext@19a0c7c: startup date [Sun May 18 15:46:20 CST 2014]; root of context hierarchy
2014-5-18 15:46:20 org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader loadBeanDefinitions
信息: Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [springBeanTest/beans.xml]
這是BeanFactoryPostProcessor實現類構造器!!
BeanFactoryPostProcessor調用postProcessBeanFactory方法
這是BeanPostProcessor實現類構造器!!
這是InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessorAdapter實現類構造器!!
2014-5-18 15:46:20 org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory preInstantiateSingletons
信息: Pre-instantiating singletons in org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@9934d4: defining beans [beanPostProcessor,instantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor,beanFactoryPostProcessor,person]; root of factory hierarchy
InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor調用postProcessBeforeInstantiation方法
【構造器】調用Person的構造器實例化
InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor調用postProcessPropertyValues方法
【注入屬性】注入屬性address
【注入屬性】注入屬性name
【注入屬性】注入屬性phone
【BeanNameAware接口】調用BeanNameAware.setBeanName()
【BeanFactoryAware接口】調用BeanFactoryAware.setBeanFactory()
BeanPostProcessor接口方法postProcessBeforeInitialization對屬性進行更改!
【InitializingBean接口】調用InitializingBean.afterPropertiesSet()
【init-method】調用<bean>的init-method屬性指定的初始化方法
BeanPostProcessor接口方法postProcessAfterInitialization對屬性進行更改!
InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor調用postProcessAfterInitialization方法
容器初始化成功
Person [address=廣州, name=張三, phone=110]
現在開始關閉容器!
【DiposibleBean接口】調用DiposibleBean.destory()

@Test
public void Spring(){
    ProxySubject proxySubject = new ProxySubject();
    proxySubject.doSome();
}

 

后幾種動態代理

 

  前置增強

 

    首先需要主題對象

public interface IdomSomeService {
    void doSome();
}
/**
 * 原始對象
 */
public class IdoSomeServiceImpl implements IdomSomeService {
    @Override
    public void doSome() {
        System.out.println("=========真實事物=========");
    }
}

工廠代理類(實現了MethodBeforeAdvice):

 

public class MyBeforeAdvice implements MethodBeforeAdvice {
    @Override
    public void before(Method method, Object[] objects, Object o) throws Throwable {
        System.out.println("=============前置增強=============");
    }
}

 

創建applicationContext.xml大配置文件進行增強操作

 

 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
<!--注入業務Bean-->
    <bean id="idomSomeService" class="cn.cglib.IdoSomeServiceImpl"></bean>
    <!--增強:切面-->
    <bean id="myBeforeAdvice" class="cn.cglib.MyBeforeAdvice"></bean>
    <!--使用代理工廠實現增強   -->
    <bean id="proxyFactory" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">
        <!--ProxyFactoryBean    將增強和業務織到一起-->
        <property name="target" ref="idomSomeService"></property>
        <!--攔截增強類-->
        <property name="interceptorNames" value="myBeforeAdvice"></property>
        <!--更換代理方式
        proxyTargetClass默認值為false默認 是jdk動態代理,
        但是當目標對象沒有接口時,自動改為cglib-->
        <property name="proxyTargetClass" value="true"></property>
    </bean>
</beans>

 

實現類

public void cglib(){
        ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
        IdoSomeServiceImpl idoSomeService = (IdoSomeServiceImpl)ctx.getBean("proxyFactory");
        idoSomeService.doSome();
    }

 

 

 

環繞式增強

 

 

public interface IdomSomeService {
    void doSome();
}

 

/**
 * 原始對象
 */
public class IdoSomeServiceImpl implements IdomSomeService {
    @Override
    public void doSome() {
        System.out.println("=========真實事物=========");
    }
}

創建工廠類   實現了MethodInterceptor接口

public class MyBeforeAdvice implements MethodInterceptor {
    @Override
    public Object invoke(MethodInvocation invocation) throws Throwable {
        System.out.println("========環繞前========");
        //調用核心業務方法     也可以獲取方法內的參數    也可以獲取目標對象
        Object proceed = invocation.proceed();
        Object aThis = invocation.getThis();
        System.out.println(aThis);
        System.out.println("========環繞后========");
        return proceed;
    }
}

創建applicationContextHuan.xml大配置文件進行增強操作:

 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
<!--注入業務Bean-->
    <bean id="idomSomeService" class="cn.cglib_huan.IdoSomeServiceImpl"></bean>
    <!--增強:切面-->
    <bean id="myBeforeAdvice" class="cn.cglib_huan.MyBeforeAdvice"></bean>
    <!--使用代理工廠實現增強   -->
    <bean id="proxyFactory" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">
        <!--ProxyFactoryBean    將增強和業務織到一起-->
        <property name="target" ref="idomSomeService"></property>
        <!--攔截增強類-->
        <property name="interceptorNames" value="myBeforeAdvice"></property>
        <!--更換代理方式
        proxyTargetClass默認值為false默認 是jdk動態代理,
        但是當目標對象沒有接口時,自動改為cglib-->
        <property name="proxyTargetClass" value="true"></property>
    </bean>
</beans>

 

實現類與實現結果

@Test
public void cglibHuan(){
    ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContextHuan.xml");
    IdoSomeServiceImpl idoSomeService = (IdoSomeServiceImpl)ctx.getBean("proxyFactory");
    idoSomeService.doSome();
}

 

異常增強

public interface IdomSomeService {
    void doSome() throws Exception;
}
/**
 * 原始對象
 */
public class IdoSomeServiceImpl implements IdomSomeService {
    @Override
    public void doSome() throws Exception {
        int i =5/0;
        System.out.println("=========真實事物=========");
    }
}

創建工廠類      實現ThrowsAdvice接口 

 

 

public class MyBeforeAdvice implements ThrowsAdvice {

    public void afterThrowing(Exception ex){
        System.out.println("發生異常");
    }
}

 

創建applicationContextExection.xml大配置文件進行增強操作:

 

 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
<!--注入業務Bean-->
    <bean id="idomSomeService" class="cn.cglib_exception.IdoSomeServiceImpl"></bean>
    <!--增強:切面-->
    <bean id="myBeforeAdvice" class="cn.cglib_exception.MyBeforeAdvice"></bean>
    <!--使用代理工廠實現增強   -->
    <bean id="proxyFactory" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">
        <!--ProxyFactoryBean    將增強和業務織到一起-->
        <property name="target" ref="idomSomeService"></property>
        <!--攔截增強類-->
        <property name="interceptorNames" value="myBeforeAdvice"></property>
        <!--更換代理方式
        proxyTargetClass默認值為false默認 是jdk動態代理,
        但是當目標對象沒有接口時,自動改為cglib-->
        <property name="proxyTargetClass" value="true"></property>
    </bean>
</beans>

 

相當於把異常拋出去,讓代碼繼續執行

執行類

@Test
    public void Text() {
       ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContextEx.xml");
       IdoSomeServiceImpl proxyFactory = (IdoSomeServiceImpl)ctx.getBean("proxyFactory");
       try {
           proxyFactory.doSome();
       } catch (Exception e) {
           e.printStackTrace();
       }
       System.out.println("23456123456");
   }

 


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