spring-boot-dependencies、spring-boot-starter-parent、io.spring.platform詳解

上一篇文章介紹了springboot依賴版本號管理的幾種方式，現在來詳細分析一下spring-boot-dependencies、spring-boot-starter-parent、io.spring.platform是如何進行版本號控制的，各自有什么作用和區別。

一、spring-boot-dependencies、spring-boot-starter-parent、io.spring.platform三者是繼承關系

1.spring-boot-starter-parent繼承spring-boot-dependencies

 

2.io.spring.platform繼承spring-boot-starter-parent

 

 二、spring-boot-dependencies

從繼承的源點spring-boot-dependencies開始看

1.pom.xml里的dependencyManagement節點

dependencyManagement節點的作用是統一maven引入依賴JAR包的版本號，可以看出spring-boot-dependencies最重要的一個作用就是對springboot可能用到的依賴JAR包做了版本號的控制管理

2.pom.xml里的pluginManagement節點

pluginManagement節點的作用是統一maven引入插件的版本號，可以看出spring-boot-dependencies另一個作用是對springboot可能用到的插件做了版本號的控制管理

3.pom.xml里的plugins節點

spring-boot-dependencies引入（或覆蓋）了三個插件：

maven-help-plugin：用於獲取有關項目或系統的幫助信息；這個插件是Maven自帶的插件，這里進行了覆蓋設置；設置inherited（是否繼承）為false；設置phase為generate-resources、goal為effective-pom的配置output

<plugin>
  <artifactId>maven-help-plugin</artifactId>
  <inherited>false</inherited>
  <executions>
    <execution>
      <id>generate-effective-dependencies-pom</id>
      <phase>generate-resources</phase>
      <goals>
        <goal>effective-pom</goal>
      </goals>
      <configuration>
        <output>${project.build.directory}/effective-pom/spring-boot-dependencies.xml</output>
      </configuration>
    </execution>
  </executions>
</plugin>

xml-maven-plugin：處理XML相關

<plugin>
  <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
  <artifactId>xml-maven-plugin</artifactId>
  <version>1.0</version>
  <inherited>false</inherited>
  <executions>
    <execution>
      <goals>
        <goal>transform</goal>
      </goals>
    </execution>
  </executions>
  <configuration>
    <transformationSets>
      <transformationSet>
        <dir>${project.build.directory}/effective-pom</dir>
        <stylesheet>src/main/xslt/single-project.xsl</stylesheet>
        <outputDir>${project.build.directory}/effective-pom</outputDir>
      </transformationSet>
    </transformationSets>
  </configuration>
</plugin>

build-helper-maven-plugin：用於設置主源碼目錄、測試源碼目錄、主資源文件目錄、測試資源文件目錄等

<plugin>
  <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
  <artifactId>build-helper-maven-plugin</artifactId>
  <inherited>false</inherited>
  <executions>
    <execution>
      <id>attach-artifacts</id>
      <phase>package</phase>
      <goals>
        <goal>attach-artifact</goal>
      </goals>
      <configuration>
        <artifacts>
          <artifact>
            <file>${project.build.directory}/effective-pom/spring-boot-dependencies.xml</file>
            <type>effective-pom</type>
          </artifact>
        </artifacts>
      </configuration>
    </execution>
  </executions>
</plugin>

這三個插件共同完成了一件事，將spring-boot-dependencies（springboot在項目里使用到的依賴）輸出到XML，並且打包install到倉庫。

這些就是spring-boot-dependencies主要的作用了，管理控制依賴版本號，管理控制插件版本號以及引入了3個輔助插件。

三、spring-boot-starter-parent

 spring-boot-starter-parent繼承spring-boot-dependencies

1.pom.xml里的properties節點

spring-boot-starter-parent在properties節點里添加了一些預設配置

java.version：jdk的版本號

<java.version>1.6</java.version>

resource.delimiter：設定占位符為@

<resource.delimiter>@</resource.delimiter>

project.build.sourceEncoding、project.reporting.outputEncoding：設置編碼為UTF-8

<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>

maven.compiler.source、maven.compiler.target：設置編譯打包的jdk版本

<maven.compiler.source>${java.version}</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>${java.version}</maven.compiler.target>

2.pom.xml里的dependencyManagement節點

覆蓋了spring-boot-dependencies的spring-core依賴引入，去掉了spring-core里的commons-logging依賴

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
  <version>${spring.version}</version>
  <exclusions>
    <exclusion>
      <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
    </exclusion>
  </exclusions>
</dependency>

3.pom.xml里的bulid->resources節點

設置了application.properties配置文件的讀取目錄在/src/main/resources目錄下

<resource>
  <directory>${basedir}/src/main/resources</directory>
  <filtering>true</filtering>
  <includes>
    <include>**/application*.yml</include>
    <include>**/application*.yaml</include>
    <include>**/application*.properties</include>
  </includes>
</resource>
<resource>
  <directory>${basedir}/src/main/resources</directory>
  <excludes>
    <exclude>**/application*.yml</exclude>
    <exclude>**/application*.yaml</exclude>
    <exclude>**/application*.properties</exclude>
  </excludes>
</resource>

4.pom.xml里的pluginManagement節點

覆蓋了spring-boot-dependencies的一些插件版本控制管理：maven-failsafe-plugin、maven-jar-plugin、maven-surefire-plugin、maven-war-plugin、exec-maven-plugin、maven-resources-plugin、git-commit-id-plugin、spring-boot-maven-plugin、maven-shade-plugin

maven-failsafe-plugin：配置了綁定Maven打包時integration-test、verify階段

<plugin>
  <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
  <artifactId>maven-failsafe-plugin</artifactId>
  <executions>
    <execution>
      <goals>
        <goal>integration-test</goal>
        <goal>verify</goal>
      </goals>
    </execution>
  </executions>
</plugin>

maven-jar-plugin：添加了啟動類配置和掃描默認實現JAR包配置

<plugin>
  <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
  <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
  <configuration>
    <archive>
      <manifest>
        <mainClass>${start-class}</mainClass>
        <addDefaultImplementationEntries>true</addDefaultImplementationEntries>
      </manifest>
    </archive>
  </configuration>
</plugin>

maven-surefire-plugin：配置了Maven打包時單元測試掃描**/*Tests.java、**/*Test.java類，排除**/Abstract*.java類

<plugin>
  <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
  <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
  <configuration>
    <includes>
      <include>**/*Tests.java</include>
      <include>**/*Test.java</include>
    </includes>
    <excludes>
      <exclude>**/Abstract*.java</exclude>
    </excludes>
  </configuration>
</plugin>

maven-war-plugin：配置了可以沒有web.xml文件進行啟動；添加了啟動類配置和掃描默認實現JAR包配置

<plugin>
  <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
  <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
  <configuration>
    <failOnMissingWebXml>false</failOnMissingWebXml>
    <archive>
      <manifest>
        <mainClass>${start-class}</mainClass>
        <addDefaultImplementationEntries>true</addDefaultImplementationEntries>
      </manifest>
    </archive>
  </configuration>
</plugin>

exec-maven-plugin：添加了啟動類配置

<plugin>
  <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
  <artifactId>exec-maven-plugin</artifactId>
  <configuration>
    <mainClass>${start-class}</mainClass>
  </configuration>
</plugin>

maven-resources-plugin：配置了資源占位符為 @

<plugin>
  <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
  <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
  <version>2.6</version>
  <configuration>
    <delimiters>
      <delimiter>${resource.delimiter}</delimiter>
    </delimiters>
    <useDefaultDelimiters>false</useDefaultDelimiters>
  </configuration>
</plugin>

git-commit-id-plugin：配置了綁定Maven打包修訂階段revision的GIT版本號變化；配了verbose為ture；配置了日期格式為yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ssZ；配置了生成GIT .properties文件，文件名為${project.build.outputDirectory}/git.properties

<plugin>
  <groupId>pl.project13.maven</groupId>
  <artifactId>git-commit-id-plugin</artifactId>
  <executions>
    <execution>
      <goals>
        <goal>revision</goal>
      </goals>
    </execution>
  </executions>
  <configuration>
    <verbose>true</verbose>
    <dateFormat>yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ssZ</dateFormat>
    <generateGitPropertiesFile>true</generateGitPropertiesFile>
    <generateGitPropertiesFilename>${project.build.outputDirectory}/git.properties</generateGitPropertiesFilename>
  </configuration>
</plugin>

spring-boot-maven-plugin：配置了綁定Maven打包repackage階段插件的使用；配置了啟動類

<plugin>
  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
  <executions>
    <execution>
      <goals>
        <goal>repackage</goal>
      </goals>
    </execution>
  </executions>
  <configuration>
    <mainClass>${start-class}</mainClass>
  </configuration>
</plugin>

maven-shade-plugin：覆蓋引入spring-boot-maven-plugin依賴JAR；配置keepDependenciesWithProvidedScope為true；配置createDependencyReducedPom為true；過濾掉META-INF/*.SF、META-INF/*.DSA、META-INF/*.RSA，防止重復引用打包失敗；配置綁定Maven打包package階段shade；

<plugin>
  <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
  <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
      <version>1.5.4.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>
  <configuration>
    <keepDependenciesWithProvidedScope>true</keepDependenciesWithProvidedScope>
    <createDependencyReducedPom>true</createDependencyReducedPom>
    <filters>
      <filter>
        <artifact>*:*</artifact>
        <excludes>
          <exclude>META-INF/*.SF</exclude>
          <exclude>META-INF/*.DSA</exclude>
          <exclude>META-INF/*.RSA</exclude>
        </excludes>
      </filter>
    </filters>
  </configuration>
  <executions>
    <execution>
      <phase>package</phase>
      <goals>
        <goal>shade</goal>
      </goals>
      <configuration>
        <transformers>
          <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.AppendingTransformer">
            <resource>META-INF/spring.handlers</resource>
          </transformer>
          <transformer implementation="org.springframework.boot.maven.PropertiesMergingResourceTransformer">
            <resource>META-INF/spring.factories</resource>
          </transformer>
          <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.AppendingTransformer">
            <resource>META-INF/spring.schemas</resource>
          </transformer>
          <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ServicesResourceTransformer"/>
          <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ManifestResourceTransformer">
            <mainClass>${start-class}</mainClass>
          </transformer>
        </transformers>
      </configuration>
    </execution>
  </executions>
</plugin>

 四、io.spring.platform

io.spring.platform繼承spring-boot-starter-parent

1.pom.xml里的properties節點

io.spring.platform一個最大的作用便是將經過集成測試的各類依賴版本號進行整合。

在平時開發中，需要某個JAR包依賴往往是習慣性的找最新版本，或是根據經驗選擇一個版本；

單對某個JAR包來講，沒有任何問題，但當過多的JAR包依賴整合到一起的時候，就可能會出現各自版本不適配的情況產生，產生BUG漏洞的場景將大大增加；

io.spring.platform所做的事情就是將做過集成測試JAR包依賴整合到一起，大大降低了漏洞出現的可能性。

2.pom.xml里的dependencyManagement節點

覆蓋所有父節點里的依賴引入並增加部分新的依賴，使用properties節點里的版本號

3.pom.xml里的plugins節點

覆蓋spring-boot-dependencies的插件：maven-help-plugin

maven-help-plugin：

<plugin>
  <artifactId>maven-help-plugin</artifactId>
  <executions>
    <execution>
      <id>generate-effective-dependencies-pom</id>
      <phase>generate-resources</phase>
      <goals>
        <goal>effective-pom</goal>
      </goals>
      <configuration>
        <output>${project.build.directory}/effective-pom.xml</output>
      </configuration>
    </execution>
  </executions>
  <inherited>false</inherited>
</plugin>

新增的插件：gmavenplus-plugin、build-helper-maven-plugin

gmavenplus-plugin：

<plugin>
  <groupId>org.codehaus.gmavenplus</groupId>
  <artifactId>gmavenplus-plugin</artifactId>
  <version>1.1</version>
  <executions>
    <execution>
      <goals>
        <goal>execute</goal>
      </goals>
      <phase>test</phase>
    </execution>
  </executions>
  <configuration>
    <scripts>
      <script>file:///${project.basedir}/src/main/groovyScripts/generateBomPropertiesFile.groovy</script>
    </scripts>
  </configuration>
  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.codehaus.groovy</groupId>
      <artifactId>groovy-all</artifactId>
      <version>2.3.0</version>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>
  <inherited>false</inherited>
</plugin>

build-helper-maven-plugin：

<plugin>
  <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
  <artifactId>build-helper-maven-plugin</artifactId>
  <executions>
    <execution>
      <id>attach-artifacts</id>
      <phase>package</phase>
      <goals>
        <goal>attach-artifact</goal>
      </goals>
      <configuration>
        <artifacts>
          <artifact>
            <file>${project.build.directory}/platform-bom.properties</file>
            <type>properties</type>
          </artifact>
        </artifacts>
      </configuration>
    </execution>
  </executions>
  <inherited>false</inherited>
</plugin>

 

這樣分析之后，對spring-boot-dependencies、spring-boot-starter-parent、io.spring.platform就有了基本的了解了。

這三者最主要的作用還是管理各類依賴的版本控制。

我們完全可以自己做一個pom來管理springboot的依賴引入版本管理，后續文章會展示。

對於pom里各類插件引入的作用，后續也會詳細分析。

最終的目的是做到知其然，知其所以然，這樣開發起來才會有大局觀。