JAVA使用easyexcel操作Excel

本文轉載自查看原文 2019-10-15 19:32 1518

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                    本文鏈接：https://blog.csdn.net/jianggujin/article/details/80200400







                                            之前寫過一篇《JAVA操作Excel》，介紹了jxl和poi讀寫Excel的實現，今天為大家介紹一下使用easyexcel對Excel進行讀寫，項目主頁地址：https://github.com/alibaba/easyexcel

作者對easyexcel的介紹是：

Java解析、生成Excel比較有名的框架有Apache poi、jxl。但他們都存在一個嚴重的問題就是非常的耗內存，poi有一套SAX模式的API可以一定程度的解決一些內存溢出的問題，但POI還是有一些缺陷，比如07版Excel解壓縮以及解壓后存儲都是在內存中完成的，內存消耗依然很大。easyexcel重寫了poi對07版Excel的解析，能夠原本一個3M的excel用POI sax依然需要100M左右內存降低到KB級別，並且再大的excel不會出現內存溢出，03版依賴POI的sax模式。在上層做了模型轉換的封裝，讓使用者更加簡單方便

使用easyexcel，首先我們需要添加maven依賴：

<dependency>
   <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
   <artifactId>easyexcel</artifactId>
   <version>1.0.1</version>
</dependency>12345

首先，我們先來看看如何寫Excel，寫入Excel，我們可以通過com.alibaba.excel.ExcelWriter類實現，下面我們來看一下最簡單的無表頭的實現

package test;

import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import org.junit.Test;

import com.alibaba.excel.ExcelWriter;
import com.alibaba.excel.metadata.Sheet;
import com.alibaba.excel.support.ExcelTypeEnum;

public class ExcelWriteTest {

   /**
    * 每行數據是List<String>無表頭
    *
    * @throws IOException
    */
   @Test
   public void writeWithoutHead() throws IOException {
      try (OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("withoutHead.xlsx");) {
         ExcelWriter writer = new ExcelWriter(out, ExcelTypeEnum.XLSX, false);
         Sheet sheet1 = new Sheet(1, 0);
         sheet1.setSheetName("sheet1");
         List<List<String>> data = new ArrayList<>();
         for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
            List<String> item = new ArrayList<>();
            item.add("item0" + i);
            item.add("item1" + i);
            item.add("item2" + i);
            data.add(item);
         }
         writer.write0(data, sheet1);
         writer.finish();
      }
   }
}12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637383940

生成的Excel樣式如下：

很多時候，我們在生成Excel的時候都是需要添加表頭的，使用easyexcel可以很容易的實現，我們可以對上面的例子進行簡單的改造，為其添加表頭

package test;

import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import org.junit.Test;

import com.alibaba.excel.ExcelWriter;
import com.alibaba.excel.metadata.Sheet;
import com.alibaba.excel.metadata.Table;
import com.alibaba.excel.support.ExcelTypeEnum;

public class ExcelWriteTest {

   @Test
   public void writeWithoutHead() throws IOException {
      try (OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("withHead.xlsx");) {
         ExcelWriter writer = new ExcelWriter(out, ExcelTypeEnum.XLSX);
         Sheet sheet1 = new Sheet(1, 0);
         sheet1.setSheetName("sheet1");
         List<List<String>> data = new ArrayList<>();
         for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
            List<String> item = new ArrayList<>();
            item.add("item0" + i);
            item.add("item1" + i);
            item.add("item2" + i);
            data.add(item);
         }
         List<List<String>> head = new ArrayList<List<String>>();
         List<String> headCoulumn1 = new ArrayList<String>();
         List<String> headCoulumn2 = new ArrayList<String>();
         List<String> headCoulumn3 = new ArrayList<String>();
         headCoulumn1.add("第一列");
         headCoulumn2.add("第二列");
         headCoulumn3.add("第三列");
         head.add(headCoulumn1);
         head.add(headCoulumn2);
         head.add(headCoulumn3);
         Table table = new Table(1);
         table.setHead(head);
         writer.write0(data, sheet1, table);
         writer.finish();
      }
   }
}123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748

效果如下：

除了上面添加表頭的方式，我們還可以使用實體類，為其添加com.alibaba.excel.annotation.ExcelProperty注解來生成表頭，實體類數據作為Excel數據

package test;

import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import org.junit.Test;

import com.alibaba.excel.ExcelWriter;
import com.alibaba.excel.annotation.ExcelProperty;
import com.alibaba.excel.metadata.BaseRowModel;
import com.alibaba.excel.metadata.Sheet;
import com.alibaba.excel.metadata.Table;
import com.alibaba.excel.support.ExcelTypeEnum;

public class ExcelWriteTest {

   @Test
   public void writeWithHead() throws IOException {
      try (OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("withHead.xlsx");) {
         ExcelWriter writer = new ExcelWriter(out, ExcelTypeEnum.XLSX);
         Sheet sheet1 = new Sheet(1, 0, ExcelPropertyIndexModel.class);
         sheet1.setSheetName("sheet1");
         List<ExcelPropertyIndexModel> data = new ArrayList<>();
         for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
            ExcelPropertyIndexModel item = new ExcelPropertyIndexModel();
            item.name = "name" + i;
            item.age = "age" + i;
            item.email = "email" + i;
            item.address = "address" + i;
            item.sax = "sax" + i;
            item.heigh = "heigh" + i;
            item.last = "last" + i;
            data.add(item);
         }
         writer.write(data, sheet1);
         writer.finish();
      }
   }

public static class ExcelPropertyIndexModel extends BaseRowModel {

@ExcelProperty(value = "姓名", index = 0)
private String name;

@ExcelProperty(value = "年齡", index = 1)
private String age;

@ExcelProperty(value = "郵箱", index = 2)
private String email;

@ExcelProperty(value = "地址", index = 3)
private String address;

@ExcelProperty(value = "性別", index = 4)
private String sax;

@ExcelProperty(value = "高度", index = 5)
private String heigh;

@ExcelProperty(value = "備注", index = 6)
private String last;

      public String getName() {
         return name;
      }

      public void setName(String name) {
         this.name = name;
      }

      public String getAge() {
         return age;
      }

      public void setAge(String age) {
         this.age = age;
      }

      public String getEmail() {
         return email;
      }

      public void setEmail(String email) {
         this.email = email;
      }

      public String getAddress() {
         return address;
      }

      public void setAddress(String address) {
         this.address = address;
      }

      public String getSax() {
         return sax;
      }

      public void setSax(String sax) {
         this.sax = sax;
      }

      public String getHeigh() {
         return heigh;
      }

      public void setHeigh(String heigh) {
         this.heigh = heigh;
      }

      public String getLast() {
         return last;
      }

      public void setLast(String last) {
         this.last = last;
      }
   }
}123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293949596979899100101102103104105106107108109110111112113114115116117118119120121122

效果如下：

如果單行表頭表頭還不滿足需求，沒關系，還可以使用多行復雜的表頭

package test;

import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import org.junit.Test;

public class ExcelWriteTest {
   @Test
   public void writeWithMultiHead() throws IOException {
      try (OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("withMultiHead.xlsx");) {
         ExcelWriter writer = new ExcelWriter(out, ExcelTypeEnum.XLSX);
         Sheet sheet1 = new Sheet(1, 0, MultiLineHeadExcelModel.class);
         sheet1.setSheetName("sheet1");
         List<MultiLineHeadExcelModel> data = new ArrayList<>();
         for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
            MultiLineHeadExcelModel item = new MultiLineHeadExcelModel();
            item.p1 = "p1" + i;
            item.p2 = "p2" + i;
            item.p3 = "p3" + i;
            item.p4 = "p4" + i;
            item.p5 = "p5" + i;
            item.p6 = "p6" + i;
            item.p7 = "p7" + i;
            item.p8 = "p8" + i;
            item.p9 = "p9" + i;
            data.add(item);
         }
         writer.write(data, sheet1);
         writer.finish();
      }
   }

public static class MultiLineHeadExcelModel extends BaseRowModel {

@ExcelProperty(value = { "表頭1", "表頭1", "表頭31" }, index = 0)
private String p1;

@ExcelProperty(value = { "表頭1", "表頭1", "表頭32" }, index = 1)
private String p2;

@ExcelProperty(value = { "表頭3", "表頭3", "表頭3" }, index = 2)
private String p3;

@ExcelProperty(value = { "表頭4", "表頭4", "表頭4" }, index = 3)
private String p4;

@ExcelProperty(value = { "表頭5", "表頭51", "表頭52" }, index = 4)
private String p5;

@ExcelProperty(value = { "表頭6", "表頭61", "表頭611" }, index = 5)
private String p6;

@ExcelProperty(value = { "表頭6", "表頭61", "表頭612" }, index = 6)
private String p7;

@ExcelProperty(value = { "表頭6", "表頭62", "表頭621" }, index = 7)
private String p8;

@ExcelProperty(value = { "表頭6", "表頭62", "表頭622" }, index = 8)
private String p9;

      public String getP1() {
         return p1;
      }

      public void setP1(String p1) {
         this.p1 = p1;
      }

      public String getP2() {
         return p2;
      }

      public void setP2(String p2) {
         this.p2 = p2;
      }

      public String getP3() {
         return p3;
      }

      public void setP3(String p3) {
         this.p3 = p3;
      }

      public String getP4() {
         return p4;
      }

      public void setP4(String p4) {
         this.p4 = p4;
      }

      public String getP5() {
         return p5;
      }

      public void setP5(String p5) {
         this.p5 = p5;
      }

      public String getP6() {
         return p6;
      }

      public void setP6(String p6) {
         this.p6 = p6;
      }

      public String getP7() {
         return p7;
      }

      public void setP7(String p7) {
         this.p7 = p7;
      }

      public String getP8() {
         return p8;
      }

      public void setP8(String p8) {
         this.p8 = p8;
      }

      public String getP9() {
         return p9;
      }

      public void setP9(String p9) {
         this.p9 = p9;
      }
   }
}123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293949596979899100101102103104105106107108109110111112113114115116117118119120121122123124125126127128129130131132133134135136137138139140141142143144145

效果如下：

怎么樣，這些已經基本滿足我們的日常需求了，easyexcel不僅支持上述幾種形式，還支持在一個sheet中添加多個表

package test;

import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import org.junit.Test;

public class ExcelWriteTest {
   @Test
   public void writeWithMultiTable() throws IOException {
      try (OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("withMultiTable.xlsx");) {
         ExcelWriter writer = new ExcelWriter(out, ExcelTypeEnum.XLSX);
         Sheet sheet1 = new Sheet(1, 0);
         sheet1.setSheetName("sheet1");

         // 數據全是List<String> 無模型映射關系
         Table table1 = new Table(1);
         List<List<String>> data1 = new ArrayList<>();
         for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
            List<String> item = new ArrayList<>();
            item.add("item0" + i);
            item.add("item1" + i);
            item.add("item2" + i);
            data1.add(item);
         }
         writer.write0(data1, sheet1, table1);

         // 模型上有表頭的注解
         Table table2 = new Table(2);
         table2.setClazz(MultiLineHeadExcelModel.class);
         List<MultiLineHeadExcelModel> data2 = new ArrayList<>();
         for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
            MultiLineHeadExcelModel item = new MultiLineHeadExcelModel();
            item.p1 = "p1" + i;
            item.p2 = "p2" + i;
            item.p3 = "p3" + i;
            item.p4 = "p4" + i;
            item.p5 = "p5" + i;
            item.p6 = "p6" + i;
            item.p7 = "p7" + i;
            item.p8 = "p8" + i;
            item.p9 = "p9" + i;
            data2.add(item);
         }
         writer.write(data2, sheet1, table2);

         // 模型上沒有注解，表頭數據動態傳入,此情況下模型field順序與excel現實順序一致
         List<List<String>> head = new ArrayList<List<String>>();
         List<String> headCoulumn1 = new ArrayList<String>();
         List<String> headCoulumn2 = new ArrayList<String>();
         List<String> headCoulumn3 = new ArrayList<String>();
         headCoulumn1.add("第一列");
         headCoulumn2.add("第二列");
         headCoulumn3.add("第三列");
         head.add(headCoulumn1);
         head.add(headCoulumn2);
         head.add(headCoulumn3);
         Table table3 = new Table(3);
         table3.setHead(head);
         writer.write0(data1, sheet1, table3);

         writer.finish();
      }
   }