CentOS7位安裝MySql教程

1.先檢查系統是否裝有mysql

rpm -qa | grep mysql

2.下載mysql的repo源

wget http://repo.mysql.com/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm

 

3.安裝 mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm包

 

sudo rpm -ivh mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm

 

4.安裝MySQL

 

sudo yum install mysql-server

 

5.重置MySQL密碼

 

mysql -u root

 

如果報錯：

 

ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock' (2)

 

原因：原因是/var/lib/mysql的訪問權限問題。

 

chown root /var/lib/mysql/

 

重啟MySQL服務

 

service mysqld restart

 

接着登陸設置密碼

 

mysql -u root

 

use mysql;

 

update user set password=password('123456') where user='root';

 

exit;

 

6.重啟MySQL服務

 

service mysqld restart

 

接着設置Root賬戶遠程連接密碼，賬戶和密碼都是 root

 

 mysql -u root -p

 

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO root@"%" IDENTIFIED BY "root";　

 

重啟服務器 

 

service mysqld restart

 

7.使用外網工具連接MySQL

 

連接mysql的用戶名和密碼都是 root

 

關閉防火牆

 

systemctl stop firewalld.service

 

 

 

 

下面為另一種辦法，但是，測試沒有成功

連接MySQL服務器，修改密碼

 

1）查看初始密碼

 

1. [root@host50 ~]#grep –i 'password' /var/log/mysqld.log
2. 2017-04-01T18:10:42.948679Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: mtoa>Av<p6Yk //隨機生成的管理密碼為mtoa>Av<p6Yk

 

2）使用初始密碼連接mysql服務

 

1. [root@host50 ~]# mysql -u root -p'mtoa>Av<p6Yk' //初始密碼登錄，
2. mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
3. Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
4. Your MySQL connection id is 11
5. Server version: 5.7.17
7. Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
9. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
10. affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
11. owners.
13. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
14. mysql>                                     //登錄成功后，進入SQL操作環境

 

3）重置數據庫管理員roo本機登錄密碼

 

1. mysql> show databases;
2. ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement //提示必須修改密碼
3. mysql> alter user root@”localhost” identified by "123qqq…A"; //修改登陸密碼
4. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
5. mysql> exit //斷開連接
6. [root@host50 ~]#

 

4）修改密碼策略

 

1. [root@host50 ~]# mysql -uroot –p123qqq…A
2. mysql>
3. mysql>set global validate_password_policy=0; //只驗證長度
4. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
5. mysql>set global validate_password_length=6； //修改密碼長度,默認值是8個字符
6. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
7. mysql> alter user root@”localhost” identified by "tarena"; //修改登陸密碼
8. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
9. mysql>exit

 

5）使用修改后的密碼登錄

 

1. [root@host50 ~]# mysql -uroot -ptarena        //登錄
2. Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
3. Your MySQL connection id is 15
4. Server version: 5.7.17 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
6. Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
8. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
9. affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
10. owners.
11. mysql> show databases; //查看數據庫
12. +--------------------+
13. | Database |
14. +--------------------+
15. | information_schema |
16. | mysql |
17. | performance_schema |
18. | sys                |
19. +--------------------+
20. 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
21. mysql>
29. 張少龍博客

    yum -y install httpd mariadb-server mariadb php php-mysql

    [root@xuegod63 ~]# systemctl start mariadb
    [root@xuegod63 ~]# mysql_secure_installation

    [root@xuegod63 ~]# vim /etc/php.ini #php運用程序的配置文件
    改：211 short_open_tag = Off
    為：211 short_open_tag = On

    show databases;
    use mysql;
    show tables;
    select database();#查看所處的位置 mysql -e 'show databases' -uroot -p123456 select now(),user(),database();

     

    刪庫

    MariaDB [xuegod]> drop database `HA-test`; 
    直接到數據庫存放目錄移出就行
    MariaDB [HA]> create database `HA-test1`; [root@xuegod63 mysql]# mv /var/lib/mysql/HA@002dtest1 /opt/ show databases; drop database if exists `HA-test`; #IF EXISTS：如果存在

     

    創建表：

    MariaDB [xuegod]> create database xuegod;
    MariaDB [xuegod]> use xuegod; MariaDB [xuegod]> create table student(id int(20),name char(40),age int);

    查看表結構

    MariaDB [xuegod]> desc student;

     

    （4）查看創建表執行了哪些命令：

    MariaDB [xuegod]> show create table student \G
    
    MariaDB [xuegod]> create table student2(id int(20),name char(40),age int)ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; 

     

    #可以指定表的默認存儲引擎和字符集

    alter table student rename students; #修改表名
    alter table students modify id int(10);#修改字段類型 alter table students change name stname char(20);#修改名字和字段 alter table students add sex enum('M','W');#添加字段 alter table students add uid int(10) first;#添加到第一列 alter table students add address char(40) after age;#添加到age字段后面 alter table students drop address; #刪除某address字段

     

    create table student(id int(20),name char(40),age int); insert into student values(2,'lis',24),(3,'wange',26); select * from student; select * from student\G #字段按行顯示 select *from HA.student;#跨庫查詢 delete from students where id=3;#刪除數據 delete from students where age is null; 刪除adge為空的內容 update students set sex='M' where id=2;更新 select distinct name,age from student;#去重查詢 select id,name,age from student where id>3 and age>25;#多條件查詢 select * from students where stname='zhangsan' and (age=21 or age=24); select * from student where binary name='jk';#區分大小寫查詢 默認不區分 select distinct id from student order by id asc;#升序 select distinct id from student order by id desc;#降序 help show;

     

    mysqldump -uroot -p123456 -B 遷移的庫名 > 導出名稱.sql

    
    yum 安裝mysql5.7的方法：

    yum -y remove mariadb*
    rpm -Uvh https://repo.mysql.com//yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm yum list #刷新yum源緩存 yum -y install mysql-community-server #安裝mysql5.7 systemctl start mysqld #啟動mysql會生成臨時密碼 grep "password" /var/log/mysqld.log 命令獲取MySQL的臨時密碼 mysql -uroot -p'&B=o4Fp!Rq_X'

     

    方法一：首先，修改validate_password_policy參數的值

    MariaDB [xuegod]> set global validate_password_policy=0; #定義復雜度 MariaDB [xuegod]> set global validate_password_length=1; #定義長度 默認是8 MariaDB [xuegod]> set password for 'root'@'localhost'=password('123456'); MariaDB [xuegod]> flush privileges;

    方法二：在/etc/my.cnf 可關閉密碼強度審計插件，重啟mysql服務

    validate-password=ON/OFF/FORCE/FORCE_PLUS_PERMANENT#(及強制/永久強制使用)。

    mysql -uroot -p123456 < 導出名稱.sql

    字符集的查詢和修改

    show variables like 'character_set%';#當前字符集 show create table user \G #查看表的字符集 SHOW CREATE DATABASE mysql;#查看庫的字符集 SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM user;#查看字段編碼 ALTER DATABASE db_name DEFAULT CHARACTER SET character_name [COLLATE ...]; ALTER TABLE logtest DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; ALTER TABLE logtest CHANGE title title VARCHAR(100) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; select * from user\G

     數據庫導入導出

    mysqldump -uroot -p123456 -A >all.sql
    mysqldump -uroot -p123456 --all-databases >all2.sql  A：導入所有數據庫 mysql -uroot -p123456 <all.sql

     強制修改密碼5.7 mysql

    5.7 版本強制修改密碼 vi /etc/my.cnf [mysqld] skip-grant-tables
    
    執行修改命令 5.7以前用 update user set password=password(“新密碼”) where user=”用戶名”; update user set authentication_string=password('123456') where User='root';

     無法建表sbtest1s刪除表空間就可以了

    [root@mysql115 ~]# ll /var/lib/mysql/pcms 總用量 36 -rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 61 8月 17 09:02 db.opt -rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 65536 8月 17 09:09 sbtest1.ibd [root@mysql115 ~]# rm /var/lib/mysql/pcms/sbtest1.ibd rm：是否刪除普通文件 "/var/lib/mysql/pcms/sbtest1.ibd"？y