近期,有同事咨詢如何在Fragment中使用Cordova,看了下Cordova源碼,官方並沒有提供包含Cordova Webview的Fragment,以供我們繼承。
上網查詢了一下,也有幾篇文章講解Fragment中如何使用Cordova,不過Cordova邏輯與Fragment邏輯耦合太深,不太適用於常規項目開發。
通過分析CordovaActivity的源碼實現,我們只需要將Cordova封裝成自定義View就可以了。后面的演示,咱們還是基於之前的工程吧,代碼會在后面分享給大家的。
CordovaView實現的目標:
應像系統Webview一樣,與頁面邏輯解耦,且方便使用
1、CordovaView的邏輯應獨立;
2、能在Fragment中使用;
3、能在Activity中使用;
4、能在彈框中使用;
CordovaView封裝
因我這邊時間比較緊張,所以不帶領大家去分析CordovaActivity的實現原理了,此處直接貼出自定義CordovaView的源碼吧:
自定義控件內容,主要包含:
1、CordovaWebView的初始化、UI、URL加載、配合Activity、Fragment生命周期等;
2、讀取Cordova配置文件,設置頁面相關屬性;
3、Crodova接口實現(無需自己寫,直接使用Cordova自帶的CordovaInterfaceImpl)
4、異常消息回調,以便於使用方自己控制錯誤提示等;
5、返回真實Webview控件,以便於使用方自行控制goback、reload、websetting等;
6、其他...
CordovaView.java實現 (重要的注釋都已加上了):
package com.ccc.ddd;
import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.res.Configuration;
import android.graphics.Color;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.AttributeSet;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.view.WindowManager;
import android.webkit.WebView;
import android.widget.FrameLayout;
import android.widget.RelativeLayout;
import org.apache.cordova.Config;
import org.apache.cordova.ConfigXmlParser;
import org.apache.cordova.CordovaInterfaceImpl;
import org.apache.cordova.CordovaPlugin;
import org.apache.cordova.CordovaPreferences;
import org.apache.cordova.CordovaWebView;
import org.apache.cordova.CordovaWebViewEngine;
import org.apache.cordova.CordovaWebViewImpl;
import org.apache.cordova.PluginEntry;
import org.apache.cordova.PluginManager;
import org.apache.cordova.engine.SystemWebView;
import org.apache.cordova.engine.SystemWebViewEngine;
import org.json.JSONException;
import org.json.JSONObject;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.util.ArrayList;
/**
* 自定義Cordova控件
* 1、可用於Activity、Fragment集成
* 2、可在布局xml文件中引入
* 3、可在代碼中使用new關鍵字創建實例
*
* <p>
* 使用示例:
* String launchUrl = "file:///android_asset/www/index.html";
* CordovaView cordovaView = view.findViewById(R.id.cv);
* cordovaView.initCordova(getActivity());
* cordovaView.loadUrl(launchUrl);
* <p>
*
* 作者:齊xc
* 日期:2019.09.15
*/
public class CordovaView extends RelativeLayout {
//頁面對象
private Activity activity;
//Cordova瀏覽器對象: 初始化、UI布局控制、url加載、生命周期(開始、暫停、銷毀...)
protected CordovaWebView appView;
//Cordova配置對象: 各類配置信息讀取、設置、使用
protected CordovaPreferences preferences;
//Cordova接口實現對象: 消息處理(頁面跳轉、頁面數據存取、權限申請...)
protected CordovaInterfaceImpl cordovaInterface;
//是否保持運行
protected boolean keepRunning = true;
//是否沉浸式
protected boolean immersiveMode;
//默認啟動url
protected String launchUrl;
//插件實體類集合
protected ArrayList<PluginEntry> pluginEntries;
//接收錯誤的監聽器(用於回調頁面加載錯誤,如:頁面未找到等等。使用方需先調用方法:setOnReceivedErrorListener())
private OnReceivedErrorListener errorListener;
/**
* 構造函數
*
* @param context 上下文
*/
public CordovaView(Context context) {
super(context);
}
/**
* 構造函數
*
* @param context 上下文
* @param attrs 屬性
*/
public CordovaView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
super(context, attrs);
}
/**
* 初始化Cordova
*
* @param activity 頁面
*/
public void initCordova(Activity activity) {
this.activity = activity;
//加載配置信息
loadConfig();
//設置頁面是否全屏
if (preferences.getBoolean("SetFullscreen", false)) {
preferences.set("Fullscreen", true);
}
if (preferences.getBoolean("Fullscreen", false)) {
if (!preferences.getBoolean("FullscreenNotImmersive", false)) {
immersiveMode = true;
} else {
activity.getWindow().setFlags(WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FULLSCREEN,
WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FULLSCREEN);
}
} else {
activity.getWindow().setFlags(WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FORCE_NOT_FULLSCREEN,
WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FORCE_NOT_FULLSCREEN);
}
//實例化接口實現
cordovaInterface = makeCordovaInterface();
//設置背景為白色
activity.getWindow().getDecorView().setBackgroundColor(Color.WHITE);
//初始化
initCordova();
}
/**
* 加載配置信息
* 1.讀取默認啟動的url file:///android_asset/www/index.html
* 2.讀取res/xml/config.xml文件,獲得插件集合 pluginEntries
*/
private void loadConfig() {
ConfigXmlParser parser = new ConfigXmlParser();
parser.parse(activity);
preferences = parser.getPreferences();
preferences.setPreferencesBundle(activity.getIntent().getExtras());
launchUrl = parser.getLaunchUrl();
pluginEntries = parser.getPluginEntries();
try {
//通過反射處理
Field field = Config.class.getDeclaredField("parser");
field.setAccessible(true);
field.set(null, parser);
} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 初始化
*/
private void initCordova() {
//實例化webview對象
appView = makeWebView();
//將webview加載到頁面中,並根據參數配置其屬性
createViews();
//如果"實例化接口"為空
if (!appView.isInitialized()) {
//appview初始化
//初始化插件管理
//初始化消息隊列
//初始化橋模塊
//......
appView.init(cordovaInterface, pluginEntries, preferences);
}
//設置插件管理器
//設置onActivityResult消息回調
//設置Activity銷毀處理
cordovaInterface.onCordovaInit(appView.getPluginManager());
}
/**
* 創建views
*/
@SuppressWarnings({"deprecation", "ResourceType"})
private void createViews() {
//appView.getView()指SystemWebViewEngine的SystemWebView,繼承自android.webkit.WebView
appView.getView().setId(100);
appView.getView().setLayoutParams(new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT));
//設置當前視圖為SystemWebViewEngine的SystemWebView
//setContentView(appView.getView());
this.removeAllViews();
this.addView(appView.getView(), new RelativeLayout.LayoutParams(ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT));
//如果preferences有配置背景色,則設置webview背景色
if (preferences.contains("BackgroundColor")) {
try {
int backgroundColor = preferences.getInteger("BackgroundColor", Color.BLACK);
// Background of activity:
appView.getView().setBackgroundColor(backgroundColor);
} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
//webview獲得焦點(不受touch限制)
appView.getView().requestFocusFromTouch();
}
/**
* 構建CordovaWebView
*
* @return CordovaWebView
*/
private CordovaWebView makeWebView() {
//1.通過preferences配置信息構建CordovaWebViewEngine
//2.通過CordovaWebViewEngine構建CordovaWebView
return new CordovaWebViewImpl(makeWebViewEngine());
}
/**
* 通過preferences配置信息構建CordovaWebViewEngine
*
* @return CordovaWebViewEngine
*/
private CordovaWebViewEngine makeWebViewEngine() {
return CordovaWebViewImpl.createEngine(activity, preferences);
}
/**
* 構建接口實現類,接收消息
*
* @return CordovaInterfaceImpl
*/
private CordovaInterfaceImpl makeCordovaInterface() {
return new CordovaInterfaceImpl(activity) {
@Override
public Object onMessage(String id, Object data) {
return CordovaView.this.onMessage(id, data);
}
};
}
/**
* 處理消息
*
* @param id 消息id
* @param data 消息數據
* @return 處理結果
*/
public Object onMessage(String id, Object data) {
try {
if ("onReceivedError".equals(id)) {
JSONObject d = (JSONObject) data;
try {
//將消息透傳給客戶端
if (errorListener != null) {
int errorCode = d.getInt("errorCode");
String description = d.getString("description");
String failingUrl = d.getString("url");
errorListener.onReceivedError(errorCode, description, failingUrl);
}
} catch (JSONException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
/**
* 獲得Webview組件,供客戶端使用
*
* @return Webview組件
*/
public SystemWebView getWebview() {
if (appView != null && appView.getView() instanceof WebView) {
SystemWebView webView = (SystemWebView) appView.getView();
return webView;
}
return null;
}
/**
* 獲得系統webview引擎
* @return 系統webview引擎
*/
public SystemWebViewEngine getSystemWebViewEngine(){
return (SystemWebViewEngine) appView.getEngine();
}
/**
* 加載url
*
* @param url 地址,默認應是:file:///android_asset/www/index.html
*/
public void loadUrl(String url) {
if (appView == null) {
initCordova();
}
// If keepRunning
// 如果preferences配置了KeepRunning,則頁面置於后台時,仍可見
this.keepRunning = preferences.getBoolean("KeepRunning", true);
//加載url
//第2個參數表示重新初始化插件管理器、插件集合等
appView.loadUrlIntoView(url, true);
}
/**
* 當頁面執行onPause方法時,可調用
*/
public void onPause() {
if (this.appView != null) {
CordovaPlugin activityResultCallback = null;
try {
Field field = CordovaInterfaceImpl.class.getDeclaredField("activityResultCallback");
field.setAccessible(true);
activityResultCallback = (CordovaPlugin) field.get(this.cordovaInterface);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
boolean keepRunning = this.keepRunning || activityResultCallback != null;
this.appView.handlePause(keepRunning);
}
}
/**
* 當頁面執行onNewIntent方法時,可調用
*/
public void onNewIntent(Intent intent) {
if (this.appView != null)
this.appView.onNewIntent(intent);
}
/**
* 當頁面執行onResume方法時,可調用
*/
public void onResume() {
if (this.appView == null) {
return;
}
activity.getWindow().getDecorView().requestFocus();
this.appView.handleResume(this.keepRunning);
}
/**
* 當頁面執行onStop方法時,可調用
*/
public void onStop() {
if (this.appView == null) {
return;
}
this.appView.handleStop();
}
/**
* 當頁面執行onStart方法時,可調用
*/
public void onStart() {
if (this.appView == null) {
return;
}
this.appView.handleStart();
}
/**
* 當頁面執行onDestroy方法時,可調用
*/
public void onDestroy() {
if (this.appView != null) {
appView.handleDestroy();
}
}
/**
* 當頁面執行onWindowFocusChanged方法時,可調用
*/
@SuppressLint("InlinedApi")
@Override
public void onWindowFocusChanged(boolean hasFocus) {
super.onWindowFocusChanged(hasFocus);
//設置沉浸式與全屏
if (hasFocus && immersiveMode) {
final int uiOptions = View.SYSTEM_UI_FLAG_LAYOUT_STABLE
| View.SYSTEM_UI_FLAG_LAYOUT_HIDE_NAVIGATION
| View.SYSTEM_UI_FLAG_LAYOUT_FULLSCREEN
| View.SYSTEM_UI_FLAG_HIDE_NAVIGATION
| View.SYSTEM_UI_FLAG_FULLSCREEN
| View.SYSTEM_UI_FLAG_IMMERSIVE_STICKY;
activity.getWindow().getDecorView().setSystemUiVisibility(uiOptions);
}
}
/**
* 當頁面執行startActivityForResult方法時,可調用
*/
@SuppressLint({"NewApi", "RestrictedApi"})
public void startActivityForResult(Intent intent, int requestCode, Bundle options) {
// Capture requestCode here so that it is captured in the setActivityResultCallback() case.
cordovaInterface.setActivityResultRequestCode(requestCode);
//super.startActivityForResult(intent, requestCode, options);
}
/**
* 當頁面執行onActivityResult方法時,可調用
*/
public void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent intent) {
//super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, intent);
cordovaInterface.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, intent);
}
/**
* 當頁面執行onSaveInstanceState方法時,可調用
*/
public void onSaveInstanceState(Bundle outState) {
cordovaInterface.onSaveInstanceState(outState);
}
/**
* 當頁面執行onConfigurationChanged方法時,可調用
*/
public void onConfigurationChanged(Configuration newConfig) {
super.onConfigurationChanged(newConfig);
if (this.appView == null) {
return;
}
PluginManager pm = this.appView.getPluginManager();
if (pm != null) {
pm.onConfigurationChanged(newConfig);
}
}
/**
* 接口:接收到錯誤時的回調
*/
public interface OnReceivedErrorListener {
/**
* 接收到錯誤
*
* @param errorCode 錯誤碼(請參考Cordova官方定義)
* @param description 錯誤描述
* @param failingUrl 發生異常的url
*/
void onReceivedError(int errorCode, String description, String failingUrl);
}
/**
* 設置監聽
*
* @param listener 監聽器
*/
public void setOnReceivedErrorListener(OnReceivedErrorListener listener) {
this.errorListener = listener;
}
}
如何使用
1、Fragment中(灰常簡單)
布局文件:fragment_test.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<FrameLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:background="#ffff00"
tools:context=".TestFragment">
<com.ccc.ddd.CordovaView
android:id="@+id/cv"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
</com.ccc.ddd.CordovaView>
</FrameLayout>
代碼:TestFragment.java
package com.ccc.ddd;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.webkit.WebChromeClient;
import android.webkit.WebView;
import android.webkit.WebViewClient;
public class TestFragment extends Fragment {
public TestFragment() {
}
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
}
@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
Bundle savedInstanceState) {
View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_test, container, false);
initView(view);
return view;
}
private void initView(View view) {
String launchUrl = "file:///android_asset/www/index1.html";
final CordovaView cordovaView = view.findViewById(R.id.cv);
cordovaView.initCordova(getActivity());
cordovaView.loadUrl(launchUrl);
//如果需要處理異常,設置此回調即可;
cordovaView.setOnReceivedErrorListener(new CordovaView.OnReceivedErrorListener() {
@Override
public void onReceivedError(int errorCode, String description, String failingUrl) {
Log.i("onReceivedError", "errorCode:" + errorCode + " description:" + description + " failingUrl:" + failingUrl);
}
});
//獲得Cordova的Webview控件,執行操作,如:reload、goback、設置緩存、獲得進度條等等
//cordovaView.getWebview().reload();
//cordovaView.getWebview().goBack();
/*cordovaView.getWebview().setWebChromeClient(new SystemWebChromeClient(cordovaView.getSystemWebViewEngine()) {
//監聽進度
@Override
public void onProgressChanged(WebView view, int newProgress) {
super.onProgressChanged(view, newProgress);
//設置頁面加載進度
Log.i("newProgress","newProgress: "+newProgress);
}
@Override
public void onReceivedTitle(WebView view, String title) {
super.onReceivedTitle(view, title);
//設置標題
}
});*/
}
}
2、Activity中(同樣灰常簡單)
布局文件:activity_test_cordova_view.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context=".TestCordovaViewActivity">
<com.ccc.ddd.CordovaView
android:id="@+id/cv"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
</com.ccc.ddd.CordovaView>
</android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout>
代碼實現:TestCordovaViewActivity.java
package com.ccc.ddd;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
public class TestCordovaViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private CordovaView cordovaView;
private String launchUrl = "file:///android_asset/www/index.html";
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_test_cordova_view);
cordovaView = findViewById(R.id.cv);
cordovaView.initCordova(this);
cordovaView.loadUrl(launchUrl);
}
@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
cordovaView.onDestroy();
}
}
其他用法
在彈框中實現,也是類似的,具體不再演示了。
1)生命周期
如果想關聯Activity或Frament的生命周期,CordovaView中都已經預留了生命周期方法,只需在頁面生命周期方法中,關聯對應的方法即可,如:
@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
cordovaView.onDestroy();
}
...其他生命周期函數寫法類似...
2)異常消息處理
CordovaWebview加載過程中如果遇到問題,會將錯誤信息回傳,如果開發者需要處理其錯誤信息,只需設置監聽即可:
cordovaView.setOnReceivedErrorListener(new CordovaView.OnReceivedErrorListener() {
@Override
public void onReceivedError(int errorCode, String description, String failingUrl) {
Log.i("onReceivedError", "errorCode:" + errorCode + " description:" + description + " failingUrl:" + failingUrl);
}
});
3)Webview控件
通過cordovaView.getWebview()方法獲得Webview控件,可用於配置WebSetting、設置goback、設置reload、監聽加載進度等。
cordovaView.getWebview().reload();
cordovaView.getWebview().goBack();
cordovaView.getWebview().setWebChromeClient(new SystemWebChromeClient(cordovaView.getSystemWebViewEngine()) {
//監聽進度
@Override
public void onProgressChanged(WebView view, int newProgress) {
super.onProgressChanged(view, newProgress);
//設置頁面加載進度
Log.i("newProgress","newProgress: "+newProgress);
}
@Override
public void onReceivedTitle(WebView view, String title) {
super.onReceivedTitle(view, title);
//設置標題
}
});
Fragment中運行效果
Demo源碼下載
https://pan.baidu.com/s/1_6Ms-K_Wj5EjCp01LVZHhg
https://github.com/qxcwanxss/CordovaDemo.git
如有不明白的地方,建議多看下CordovaActivity的源碼實現 ,也歡迎留言,就是不一定有時間解答,哈哈。。。
Android H5混合開發(1):構建Cordova 項目
https://www.cnblogs.com/qixingchao/p/11654454.html
Android H5混合開發(2):自定義Cordova插件
https://www.cnblogs.com/qixingchao/p/11652418.html
Android H5混合開發(3):原生Android項目里嵌入Cordova
https://www.cnblogs.com/qixingchao/p/11652424.html
Android H5混合開發(4):構建Cordova Jar包
https://www.cnblogs.com/qixingchao/p/11652431.html
Android H5混合開發(5):封裝Cordova View, 讓Fragment、彈框、Activity自由使用Cordova
https://www.cnblogs.com/qixingchao/p/11652438.html