使用Kotlin寫的Android動態權限檢查

一：權限檢測器

class PermissionsChecker(context: Context) {

    private var mContext: Context = context.applicationContext

    // 判斷權限集合
    fun lacksPermissions(vararg permissions: String): Boolean {
        for (permission in permissions) {
            if (lacksPermission(permission)) {
                return true
            }
        }
        return false
    }

    // 判斷是否缺少權限
    private fun lacksPermission(permission: String): Boolean {
        return ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(mContext, permission) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED
    }
}

二：獲取權限的頁面

class PermissionsActivity : AppCompatActivity() {

    private var mChecker: PermissionsChecker? = null // 權限檢測器
    private var isRequireCheck: Boolean = false // 是否需要系統權限檢測

    // 返回傳遞的權限參數
    private val permissions: Array<String> get() = intent.getStringArrayExtra(EXTRA_PERMISSIONS)

    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        if (intent == null || !intent.hasExtra(EXTRA_PERMISSIONS)) {
            throw RuntimeException("PermissionsActivity需要使用靜態startActivityForResult方法啟動!")
        }

        setContentView(R.layout.activity_permissions)//布局默認就行，不用有View，就是為了彈出框提示

        mChecker =PermissionsChecker(this)
        isRequireCheck = true
    }

    override fun onResume() {
        super.onResume()
        if (isRequireCheck) {
            val permissions = permissions
            if (mChecker!!.lacksPermissions(*permissions)) {
                requestPermissions(*permissions) // 請求權限
            } else {
                allPermissionsGranted() // 全部權限都已獲取
            }
        } else {
            isRequireCheck = true
        }
    }

    // 請求權限兼容低版本
    private fun requestPermissions(vararg permissions: String) {
        requestPermissions(this, permissions, PERMISSION_REQUEST_CODE)
    }

    // 全部權限均已獲取
    private fun allPermissionsGranted() {
        setResult(PERMISSIONS_GRANTED)
        finish()
    }

    /**
     * 用戶權限處理,
     * 如果全部獲取, 則直接過.
     * 如果權限缺失, 則提示Dialog.
     *
     * @param requestCode  請求碼
     * @param permissions  權限
     * @param grantResults 結果
     */
    override fun onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode: Int, permissions: Array<String>, grantResults: IntArray) {
        if (requestCode == PERMISSION_REQUEST_CODE && hasAllPermissionsGranted(grantResults)) {
            isRequireCheck = true
            allPermissionsGranted()
        } else {
            isRequireCheck = false
            showMissingPermissionDialog()
        }
    }

    // 含有全部的權限
    private fun hasAllPermissionsGranted(grantResults: IntArray): Boolean {
        for (grantResult in grantResults) {
            if (grantResult == PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED) {
                return false
            }
        }
        return true
    }

    // 顯示缺失權限提示
    private fun showMissingPermissionDialog() {
        val builder = AlertDialog.Builder(this@PermissionsActivity)
        builder.setTitle("標題")
        builder.setMessage("權限缺失")
        // 拒絕, 退出應用
        builder.setNegativeButton("退出") { _, _ ->
            setResult(PERMISSIONS_DENIED)
            finish()
        }
        builder.setPositiveButton("設置") { _, _ -> startAppSettings() }
        builder.show()
    }

    // 啟動應用的設置
    private fun startAppSettings() {
        val intent = Intent(Settings.ACTION_APPLICATION_DETAILS_SETTINGS)
        intent.data = Uri.parse(PACKAGE_URL_SCHEME + packageName)
        startActivity(intent)
    }

    companion object {

        const val PERMISSIONS_GRANTED = 0 // 權限授權
        const val PERMISSIONS_DENIED = 1 // 權限拒絕

        private const val PERMISSION_REQUEST_CODE = 0 // 系統權限管理頁面的參數
        private const val EXTRA_PERMISSIONS = "motian.permission.extra_permission" // 權限參數
        private const val PACKAGE_URL_SCHEME = "package:" // 方案

        // 啟動當前權限頁面的公開接口
        fun startActivityForResult(activity: Activity, requestCode: Int, vararg permissions: String) {
            val intent = Intent(activity, PermissionsActivity::class.java)
            intent.putExtra(EXTRA_PERMISSIONS, permissions)
            startActivityForResult(activity, intent, requestCode, null)
        }
    }

}

三：使用方式

class Main2Activity : AppCompatActivity() {
    // 請求碼
    private val RESULT_CODE = 0
    // 所需的全部權限
    var permissionListTmp = arrayOf<String>(Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)
    // 權限檢測器
    private var mPermissionsChecker: PermissionsChecker? = null
    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main2)
        setSupportActionBar(toolbar)
        
        mPermissionsChecker = PermissionsChecker(this)
        // 缺少權限時, 進入權限配置頁面
        if (mPermissionsChecker!!.lacksPermissions(*permissionListTmp)) {
            startPermissionsActivity()
        }
    }

    private fun startPermissionsActivity() {
        PermissionsActivity.startActivityForResult(this, RESULT_CODE, *permissionListTmp)
    }

    override fun onActivityResult(requestCode: Int, resultCode: Int, data: Intent?) {
        super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data)
        // 拒絕時, 關閉頁面, 缺少主要權限, 無法運行
        if (requestCode == RESULT_CODE && resultCode == PermissionsActivity.PERMISSIONS_DENIED) {
            finish()
        }
    }

}