服務端SpringBoot2.x :localhost:8082
前端Vue2.x :localhost:81
前后端的端口號不同,為跨域,導致前端訪問后端時,每次訪問都新生產一個sessionID。解決如下:
后端:
1.添加過濾器:
package com.nsoft.gkzp.syscore.config.filter; import org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager; import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod; import javax.servlet.*; import javax.servlet.annotation.WebFilter; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import java.io.IOException;
@Configuration //內置tomcat運行不加它沒問題,但后來改為用外置tomcat時,啟動后過濾器會失效,后來查明原因需要加上@Configuration才行 @WebFilter(urlPatterns = "/*", filterName = "corsFilter") public class CorsFilter implements Filter { final private static Logger logger = LogManager.getLogger(CorsFilter.class); @Override public void destroy() { } /** * 此過濾器只是處理跨域問題 * @param servletRequest * @param servletResponse * @param chain * @throws ServletException * @throws IOException */ @Override public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain chain) throws ServletException, IOException { HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) servletRequest; HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) servletResponse; String origin = request.getHeader("Origin"); if(origin == null) { origin = request.getHeader("Referer"); } response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", origin);// 允許指定域訪問跨域資源(這里不能寫*,*代表接受所有域名訪問,如寫*則下面一行代碼無效。謹記) response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Credentials", "true");//true代表允許客戶端攜帶cookie(此時origin值不能為“*”,只能為指定單一域名) response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Methods", "GET, HEAD, POST, PUT, DELETE, TRACE, OPTIONS, PATCH"); /// 允許瀏覽器在預檢請求成功之后發送的實際請求方法名 response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Headers", "Authorization,Origin, X-Requested-With, Content-Type, Accept,Access-Token");// 允許瀏覽器發送的請求消息頭 //response.setHeader("Access-Control-Max-Age", "86400"); // 瀏覽器緩存預檢請求結果時間,單位:秒 chain.doFilter(request,response); } @Override public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException { } }
2. springboot2.配置過濾器時,啟動類必須加上@ServletComponentScan才會加載過濾器
package com.nsoft.gkzp; import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.boot.web.server.ConfigurableWebServerFactory; import org.springframework.boot.web.server.ErrorPage; import org.springframework.boot.web.server.WebServerFactoryCustomizer; import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.ServletComponentScan; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus; import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.CorsRegistry; import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer; import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurerAdapter; /** * springboot入口 * MapperScan("com.nsoft.gkzp.**.dao")為掃描mapper, 所以dao下面的類就不需要添加@mapper注解了 * ServletComponentScan 添加了過濾器,故這里要添加@ServletComponentScan注解,spring才會掃描到過濾器(eg:com.nsoft.gkzp.syscore.config.filter.CorsFilter) */ @SpringBootApplication @ServletComponentScan @MapperScan("com.nsoft.gkzp.**.dao") public class GzyGkzpApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(GzyGkzpApplication.class, args); } /** * 在springboot整合vue前端時,vue使用url跳轉時報404錯誤,此處代碼解決此問題 * 參照https://blog.csdn.net/Mr_EvanChen/article/details/83625082 */ @Bean public WebServerFactoryCustomizer<ConfigurableWebServerFactory> webServerFactoryCustomizer(){ return factory -> { ErrorPage error404Page = new ErrorPage(HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND, "/index.html"); factory.addErrorPages(error404Page); }; } }
3. spring-session 2.x
中 Cookie
里面了SameSite
,他默認值是 Lax
SameSite Cookie 是用來防止CSRF攻擊,它有兩個值:Strict、Lax
SameSite = Strict:意為嚴格模式,表明這個cookie在任何情況下都不可能作為第三方cookie;
SameSite = Lax :意為寬松模式,在get請求是可以作為第三方cookie,但是不能攜帶cookie進行跨域post訪問(這就很蛋疼了,我們那個校驗接口就是POST請求)
package com.nsoft.gkzp.syscore.config; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.session.web.http.CookieSerializer; import org.springframework.session.web.http.DefaultCookieSerializer;
/**
* https://www.cnblogs.com/hujinshui/p/11025848.html
* spring-session 2.x 中 Cookie里面引入了SameSite他默認值是 Lax,
* SameSite Cookie 是用來防止CSRF攻擊,它有兩個值:Strict、Lax
* SameSite = Strict:意為嚴格模式,表明這個cookie在任何情況下都不可能作為第三方cookie;
* SameSite = Lax:意為寬松模式,在get請求是可以作為第三方cookie,但是不能攜帶cookie進行跨域post訪問
* 總結:前端請求到后台,每次session都不一樣,每次都是新的會話,導致獲取不到用戶信息
*/
@Configuration public class SpringSessionConfig {
public SpringSessionConfig() { }
@Bean
public CookieSerializer httpSessionIdResolver() {
DefaultCookieSerializer cookieSerializer = new DefaultCookieSerializer(); // 取消僅限同一站點設置
cookieSerializer.setSameSite(null); return cookieSerializer;
}
}
前端:
1.在 main.js (前端用axios)
import axios from 'axios'; axios.defaults.withCredentials=true;//讓ajax攜帶cookie
用了1天半時間,改了很多次依然不行,后來發現是前端用了 proxy 代理,它本身也是已經處理了跨域問題,網上找的時候發現有的文章也用到這個了。但我這里就是不行。
我原來的代碼:
1)寫的注冊頁面:
2)全局配置如下:
main.js
// xenv 標記當前環境 true:開發環境 false:生產環境 const xenv = true; // 注冊全局變量 Vue.prototype.$global = { //contentPath 標記根路徑,主要用於axios請求后端數據的url contentPath: xenv ? '/api/' : router.options.base };
(xenv設為true;所以 根路徑contentPath的值必為‘/api/’ ,而‘/api/’ 在vue.config.js里配置為代理,如下。)
vue.config.js
devServer: { open: true, host: '0.0.0.0', port: 80, https: false, hotOnly: false, before: app => { }, proxy: { // 配置跨域 '/api': { target: 'http://127.0.0.1:8082/', ws: true, changOrigin: true, pathRewrite: { '^/api': '/' } } } },
2.不使用proxy代理,把根目錄寫死為'http://127.0.0.1:8082/',就成功了,修改如下:
main.js:
// xenv 標記當前環境 true:開發環境 false:生產環境 const xenv = true; // 注冊全局變量 Vue.prototype.$global = { // contentPath 標記根路徑,主要用於axios請求后端數據的url // contentPath: xenv ? '/api/' : router.options.base contentPath: 'http://127.0.0.1:8082/' };
4. 跨域白名單
(為了安全起見,可在服務端設置可跨域訪問的白名單地址)
1. 自定義了一個配置文件 D:\workspace-gzy-gkzp\src\main\resources\resources\config.properties (這里對於localhost,127.0.0.1兩個ip,不要放到正式環境。否則如對方用本地環境,去訪問正式的后台,會被允許跨域訪問,不安全)
#允許CORS的IP(即可跨域訪問白名單,添加多個用英文逗號隔開coreFile.java)((端口號固定為application.properties配置的server.port)) system.accessControlAllowOrigin =192.168.1.61,zshj.com.cn #測試環境加上localhost,127.0.0.1 system.accessControlAllowOrigin =localhost,127.0.0.1,,zshj.com.cn
2.讀取配置文件類 D:\workspace-gzy-gkzp\src\main\java\com\nsoft\gkzp\syscore\config\MyDefinedUtil.java
package com.nsoft.gkzp.syscore.config;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource; /** * 自定義配置類 獲取config.properties相關參數 *( 其他類獲取值,請用注解@Autowired 方式 ,否則獲取不到值) * @author zdyang * @date 2019.08.30 */ @Configuration //標識這個是一個配置類 @PropertySource(value = "classpath:resources/config.properties") public class MyDefinedUtil { @Value("${system.encoding:UTF-8}") //冒號后的值為沒有配置文件時,制動裝載的默認值 //下面的屬性不能為static類型,否則獲取不到值 public String SYSTEM_ENCODING; //#System Encoding //文件管理 @Value("${system.file.folder.img}") public String SYSTEM_FILE_FOLDER_IMG; //允許跨域白名單 @Value("${system.accessControlAllowOrigin}") public String SYSTEM_ACCESSCONTROLALLOWORIGIN; }
3.跨域配置類:D:\workspace-gzy-gkzp\src\main\java\com\nsoft\gkzp\syscore\config\filter\CorsFilter.java
package com.nsoft.gkzp.syscore.config.filter; import com.nsoft.gkzp.syscore.config.MyDefinedUtil; import org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager; import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import javax.servlet.*; import javax.servlet.annotation.WebFilter; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import java.io.IOException;
@Configuration //內置tomcat運行不加它沒問題,但后來改為用外置tomcat時,啟動后過濾器會失效,后來查明原因需要加上@Configuration才行 @WebFilter(urlPatterns = "/*", filterName = "corsFilter") public class CorsFilter implements Filter { final private static Logger logger = LogManager.getLogger(CorsFilter.class); @Autowired MyDefinedUtil myDefinedUtil; @Override public void destroy() { } /** * 此過濾器只是處理跨域問題 * @param servletRequest * @param servletResponse * @param chain * @throws ServletException * @throws IOException */ @Override public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain chain) throws ServletException, IOException { HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) servletRequest; HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) servletResponse; String origin = request.getHeader("Origin"); if(origin == null) { origin = request.getHeader("Referer"); } //允許跨域白名單 String whiteList=myDefinedUtil.SYSTEM_ACCESSCONTROLALLOWORIGIN; boolean isValid = false; String adressIP = null;//截取地址欄的ip地址 if(origin != null){ try { adressIP = origin.substring(origin.indexOf("://") + 3); int b = adressIP.indexOf(":");//有端口號情況 eg:https://127.0.0.1:8080 if (b > 0) { adressIP = adressIP.substring(0, b); }else{ b = adressIP.indexOf("/");//如果是默認端口號,地址欄不填寫端口情況(443 80)eg: https://127.0.0.1 if (b > 0) { adressIP = adressIP.substring(0, b); } } isValid = whiteList.contains(adressIP); //將origin截出ip字符串 }catch (Exception e){ logger.error("白名單校驗出錯:"+e.getMessage(),e); } } logger.info("跨域驗證:origin="+origin+"***adressIP="+adressIP+"***isValid="+isValid);// 如為跨域請求,下面的"Access-Control-Allow-Origin"值置為null,就無法訪問了。。。如果為非跨域請求,這個為null不會受影響,依然允許訪問 response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", isValid ? origin : "null");// 允許指定域訪問跨域資源(這里不能寫*,*代表接受所有域名訪問,如寫*則下面一行代碼無效。謹記) response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Credentials", "true");//true代表允許客戶端攜帶cookie(此時origin值不能為“*”,只能為指定單一域名) response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Methods", "GET, HEAD, POST, PUT, DELETE, TRACE, OPTIONS, PATCH"); /// 允許瀏覽器在預檢請求成功之后發送的實際請求方法名 response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Headers", "Authorization,Origin, X-Requested-With, Content-Type, Accept,Access-Token");// 允許瀏覽器發送的請求消息頭 //response.setHeader("Access-Control-Max-Age", "86400"); // 瀏覽器緩存預檢請求結果時間,單位:秒 //logger.info("****************測試過濾器及日志1111"); chain.doFilter(request,response); //logger.error("****************測試過濾器及日志2222"); } @Override public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException { } }
白名單心路歷程如下:
首先參考 https://blog.csdn.net/qq_15054679/article/details/90684703 :
config.properties
#允許CORS的IP(即可跨域訪問白名單,添加多個用英文逗號隔開)(本地連接在CorsFilter.java中已設置,就不在這里配置了)
system.accessControlAllowOrigin =http://localhost:8082
CorsFilter.java
package com.nsoft.gkzp.syscore.config.filter; import com.nsoft.gkzp.syscore.config.MyDefinedUtil; import org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager; import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import javax.servlet.*; import javax.servlet.annotation.WebFilter; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import java.io.IOException;
@Configuration //內置tomcat運行不加它沒問題,但后來改為用外置tomcat時,啟動后過濾器會失效,后來查明原因需要加上@Configuration才行 @WebFilter(urlPatterns = "/*", filterName = "corsFilter") public class CorsFilter implements Filter { final private static Logger logger = LogManager.getLogger(CorsFilter.class); @Autowired MyDefinedUtil myDefinedUtil; @Override public void destroy() { } /** * 此過濾器只是處理跨域問題 * @param servletRequest * @param servletResponse * @param chain * @throws ServletException * @throws IOException */ @Override public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain chain) throws ServletException, IOException { HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) servletRequest; HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) servletResponse; String origin = request.getHeader("Origin"); if(origin == null) { origin = request.getHeader("Referer"); } //允許跨域白名單 String[] whiteList = (myDefinedUtil.SYSTEM_ACCESSCONTROLALLOWORIGIN).split(",") ; boolean isValid = false; logger.info("origin="+origin); for(String ip : whiteList){ if(origin != null && origin.equals(ip)){ isValid = true; break; } } logger.info("isValid="+isValid);//如為跨域請求,下面的"Access-Control-Allow-Origin"值置為null,就無法訪問了。。。如果為非跨域請求,這個為null不會受影響,依然允許訪問
response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", isValid ? origin : "null");// 允許指定域訪問跨域資源(這里不能寫*,*代表接受所有域名訪問,如寫*則下面一行代碼無效。謹記) response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Credentials", "true");//true代表允許客戶端攜帶cookie(此時origin值不能為“*”,只能為指定單一域名) response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Methods", "GET, HEAD, POST, PUT, DELETE, TRACE, OPTIONS, PATCH"); /// 允許瀏覽器在預檢請求成功之后發送的實際請求方法名 response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Headers", "Authorization,Origin, X-Requested-With, Content-Type, Accept,Access-Token");// 允許瀏覽器發送的請求消息頭 //response.setHeader("Access-Control-Max-Age", "86400"); // 瀏覽器緩存預檢請求結果時間,單位:秒 chain.doFilter(request,response); } @Override public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException { } }
上面代碼用 origin.equals(ip) 去判定不是很好。
原因是測試時發現,
1)origin如果是域名的話(值為http://zhxy.nsoft.com.cn:8082),如果是ip地址的話會有斜杠(值為:http://120.24.253.6:8082/)。這樣在config.properties配置文件配置白名單參數system.accessControlAllowOrigin時會有很多,其很麻煩
2)我把http協議改為https協議時:端口號變了,http也改成https,參數system.accessControlAllowOrigin改的時候也很麻煩。
參照: