web自動化的作用就是通過代碼自動化代替人工手動測試,節省人力、時間和精力;那么又是如果進行自動測試呢?思路如下:
下面通過一個例子說明一下:登錄操作
手動測試是直接在輸入框輸入用戶名、密碼、然后點擊登錄按鈕;
那么代碼也同樣道理;
1、先定位到用戶名、密碼的輸入框元素和登錄按鈕元素---pagelocators模塊
pagelocators模塊--login_locator.py(LoginLocator類)
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
class LoginLocator:
#定位用戶名輸入框
uer_account=(By.XPATH,'//input[@placeholder="請輸入你的賬號/手機號"]')
#定位密碼輸入框
password=(By.XPATH,'//input[@placeholder="請輸入你的密碼"]')
#定位登錄按鈕
button=(By.XPATH,'//button[@id="loginBtn"]')
2、然后進行輸入用戶名、密碼、點擊登錄按鈕操作(前提准備好測試用例--testdatas模塊)---pageprojects模塊
pageprojects模塊---login_page.py(定義LoginPage類):
from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from PageLocators.login_locator import LoginLocator as loc
from Commons.BasePage import BasePage
import time
class LoginPage(BasePage):
#登錄操作
def login_success(self,account,password):
name="登錄模塊"
WebDriverWait(self.driver,30).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located(loc.uer_account))
self.driver.find_element(*loc.uer_account).clear()
self.driver.find_element(*loc.uer_account).send_keys(account)
WebDriverWait(self.driver,30).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located(loc.password))
self.driver.find_element(*loc.password).clear()
self.driver.find_element(*loc.password).send_keys(password)
self.driver.find_element(*loc.button).click()
self.save_webImgs(model=name)
time.sleep(1)
testdatas模塊--Login_datas.py
#正常場景---正常登錄
success_data={'account':'101****4088','password':'******','check':'登錄成功'}
3、進行測試用例操作---testcases模塊
testcases模塊--test_login.py(TestApi類並繼承(unittest.TestCase))
from selenium import webdriver
from TestDatas import common_datas as cd
from TestDatas import Login_datas as ld
from ddt import ddt,data
import unittest
from PageProjects.login_page import LoginPage
def setUp(self):
#配置WebDriver驅動的環境變量
chrome_driver=r"C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Google\Chrome\Application\chromedriver.exe"
#打開瀏覽器
self.driver=webdriver.Chrome(chrome_driver)
#打開Aos登錄頁面
self.driver.get("http://*****/cn/login")
self.driver.maximize_window()
self.lp=LoginPage(self.driver)
def tearDown(self):
self.driver.quit()
#成功登錄的情況
def test_login_1_success(self):
logging.info("*********登錄用例:正常場景:使用正確的用戶名和密碼登陸*********")
#登錄頁面--登錄功能--輸入用戶名和密碼
self.lp.login_success(ld.success_data['account'],ld.success_data['password'])
#斷言
try:
act_check=self.lp.get_success_msg()
self.assertEqual(act_check,ld.success_data['check'])
logging.info('成功登錄的用戶名{0},密碼為{1}'.format(ld.success_data['account'],ld.success_data['password']))
logging.info('登錄成功')
except EnvironmentError as e:
logging.info("登錄異常{0}".format(e))
time.sleep(5)
4、測試報告模塊
import unittest
from Commons import path_config
import HTMLTestRunnerNew
from TestCases.test_login import TestApi
import logging
from Commons import logger
suite=unittest.TestSuite()
loader=unittest.TestLoader()
# file=open('report.html','wb+')
with open(path_config.report_dir,'wb+') as file:
suite.addTest(loader.loadTestsFromTestCase(TestApi))
runner=HTMLTestRunnerNew.HTMLTestRunner(stream=file, verbosity=2,title='linda測試接口報告',description='Python10_test',tester=None)
runner.run(suite)
以上只是做了一個簡單的框架,可以加上日志、截圖等模塊