k8s-dashboard搭建

一，簡單搭建，未使用ssl證書，可載谷歌瀏覽器訪問

1，拉取鏡像

docker pull gcrxio/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.10.1
docker tag gcrxio/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.10.1    k8s.gcr.io/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.10.1

# 為主節點打標簽，使容器起在主節點，修改部署文件見第2步
kubectl label node k8s-master type=master

2，k8s dashboard 部署yaml

wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v1.10.1/src/deploy/recommended/kubernetes-dashboard.yaml 后有修改。

cat kubernetes-dashboard.yaml 
# Copyright 2017 The Kubernetes Authors.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.

# ------------------- Dashboard Secret ------------------- #

apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
  namespace: kube-system
type: Opaque

---
# ------------------- Dashboard Service Account ------------------- #

apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kube-system

---
# ------------------- Dashboard Role & Role Binding ------------------- #

kind: Role
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-minimal
  namespace: kube-system
rules:
  # Allow Dashboard to create 'kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder' secret.
- apiGroups: [""]
  resources: ["secrets"]
  verbs: ["create"]
  # Allow Dashboard to create 'kubernetes-dashboard-settings' config map.
- apiGroups: [""]
  resources: ["configmaps"]
  verbs: ["create"]
  # Allow Dashboard to get, update and delete Dashboard exclusive secrets.
- apiGroups: [""]
  resources: ["secrets"]
  resourceNames: ["kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder", "kubernetes-dashboard-certs"]
  verbs: ["get", "update", "delete"]
  # Allow Dashboard to get and update 'kubernetes-dashboard-settings' config map.
- apiGroups: [""]
  resources: ["configmaps"]
  resourceNames: ["kubernetes-dashboard-settings"]
  verbs: ["get", "update"]
  # Allow Dashboard to get metrics from heapster.
- apiGroups: [""]
  resources: ["services"]
  resourceNames: ["heapster"]
  verbs: ["proxy"]
- apiGroups: [""]
  resources: ["services/proxy"]
  resourceNames: ["heapster", "http:heapster:", "https:heapster:"]
  verbs: ["get"]

---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: RoleBinding
metadata:
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-minimal
  namespace: kube-system
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: Role
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-minimal
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kube-system

---
# ------------------- Dashboard Deployment ------------------- #

kind: Deployment
apiVersion: apps/v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kube-system
spec:
  replicas: 1
  revisionHistoryLimit: 10
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
    spec:
      nodeSelector:
        type: master
      containers:
      - name: kubernetes-dashboard
        image: k8s.gcr.io/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.10.1
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
        ports:
        - containerPort: 8443
          protocol: TCP
        args:
          - --auto-generate-certificates
          # Uncomment the following line to manually specify Kubernetes API server Host
          # If not specified, Dashboard will attempt to auto discover the API server and connect
          # to it. Uncomment only if the default does not work.
          # - --apiserver-host=http://my-address:port
        volumeMounts:
        - name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
          mountPath: /certs
          # Create on-disk volume to store exec logs
        - mountPath: /tmp
          name: tmp-volume
        livenessProbe:
          httpGet:
            scheme: HTTPS
            path: /
            port: 8443
          initialDelaySeconds: 30
          timeoutSeconds: 30
      volumes:
      - name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
        secret:
          secretName: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
      - name: tmp-volume
        emptyDir: {}
      serviceAccountName: kubernetes-dashboard
      # Comment the following tolerations if Dashboard must not be deployed on master
      tolerations:
      - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
        effect: NoSchedule

---
# ------------------- Dashboard Service ------------------- #

kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kube-system
spec:
  ports:
    - port: 443
      targetPort: 8443
  selector:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard

此處為修改位置,添加了 :
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent #使用本地的鏡像
nodeSelector: #容器起在主節點上
type: master

# ------------------- Dashboard Deployment ------------------- #

kind: Deployment
apiVersion: apps/v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kube-system
spec:
  replicas: 1
  revisionHistoryLimit: 10
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
    spec:
      nodeSelector:
        type: master
      containers:
      - name: kubernetes-dashboard
        image: k8s.gcr.io/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.10.1
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
        ports:
        - containerPort: 8443
          protocol: TCP

部署：
kubectl apply -f kubernetes-dashboard.yaml
查看：
kubectl get pods --all-namespaces

使用API Server 訪問

https://<master-ip>:<apiserver-port>/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/https:kubernetes-dashboard:/proxy/ 

訪問結果為：

{
  "kind": "Status",
  "apiVersion": "v1",
  "metadata": {
    
  },
  "status": "Failure",
  "message": "services \"https:kubernetes-dashboard:\" is forbidden: User \"system:anonymous\" cannot get services/proxy in the namespace \"kube-system\"",
  "reason": "Forbidden",
  "details": {
    "name": "https:kubernetes-dashboard:",
    "kind": "services"
  },
  "code": 403
}

這是因為沒有進行認證，需要去創建一個證書

創建證書

#將kubectl的配置文件復制到$HOME/.kube/config中,$HOME/.kube/config 可能存在，可以先備份
  mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
  sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
  sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

生成p12文件

# 生成client-certificate-data
grep 'client-certificate-data' ~/.kube/config | head -n 1 | awk '{print $2}' | base64 -d >> kubecfg.crt

# 生成client-key-data
grep 'client-key-data' ~/.kube/config | head -n 1 | awk '{print $2}' | base64 -d >> kubecfg.key

# 生成p12，這里會要求輸入密碼，記住這個密碼
openssl pkcs12 -export -clcerts -inkey kubecfg.key -in kubecfg.crt -out kubecfg.p12 -name "kubernetes-client"

導入p12文件；可以在谷歌瀏覽器內導入私有證書
裝過程中需要輸入的密碼則為生成p12文件過程中輸入的密碼
安裝完成后，關閉所有的瀏覽器，再重新打開，就會顯示讓選擇證書的界面，選擇證書，就會出現登錄界面。

創建用戶

vi admin-user.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: admin-user
  namespace: kube-system


kubectl create -f admin-user.yaml

用戶綁定角色

vi admin-user-role-binding.yaml

apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  name: admin-user
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: cluster-admin
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
  name: admin-user
  namespace: kube-system

kubectl create -f admin-user-role-binding.yaml

獲取token ,這個token 是系統默認的token

kubectl -n kube-system describe secret $(kubectl -n kube-system get secret | grep admin-user | awk '{print $1}')

訪問

https://172.20.7.132:6443/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/https:kubernetes-dashboard:/proxy
輸入獲取的token

參考感謝：
https://www.jianshu.com/p/073577bdec98
https://www.cnblogs.com/RainingNight/p/deploying-k8s-dashboard-ui.html

問題：
1，搭建使用了系統默認的證書，並未自己新建證書進行加載
2，對角色，用戶綁定等知識點不熟
3，集成Heapster插件安裝失敗
4，細節不懂，只是照抄而已

操作的步驟

   31  docker pull gcrxio/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.10.1
   32  docker tag gcrxio/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.10.1 k8s.gcr.io/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.10.1
   33  ll
   34  cd /k8s/
   35  ll
   36  curl -O https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/master/aio/deploy/recommended/kubernetes-dashboard.yaml
   37  ll
   38  kubectl label node k8s-master type=master
   39  vim kubernetes-dashboard.yaml 
   40  cat  kubernetes-dashboard.yaml 
   41  rm  kubernetes-dashboard.yaml 
   42  ll
   43  wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/master/src/deploy/recommended/kubernetes-dashboard.yaml
   44  ll
   45  wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v1.10.1/src/deploy/recommended/kubernetes-dashboard.yaml
   46  ll
   47  vim  kubernetes-dashboard.yaml 
   48  kubectl apply -f  kubernetes-dashboard.yaml 
   49  kubectl get pods --all-namespaces
   50  vim  admin-user.yaml
   51  kubectl create -f admin-user.yaml
   52  vim admin-user-role-binding.yaml
   53  kubectl create -f  admin-user-role-binding.yaml
   54  kubectl -n kube-system describe secret $(kubectl -n kube-system get secret | grep admin-user | awk '{print $1}')
   55  kubectl cluster-info
   56  ll
   57  grep 'client-certificate-data' ~/.kube/config | head -n 1 | awk '{print $2}' | base64 -d >> kubecfg.crt
   58  ll
   59  grep 'client-key-data' ~/.kube/config | head -n 1 | awk '{print $2}' | base64 -d >> kubecfg.key
   60  openssl pkcs12 -export -clcerts -inkey kubecfg.key -in kubecfg.crt -out kubecfg.p12 -name "kubernetes-client"
   61  ll
   62  ss  -tanl 
   63  kubectl -n kube-system edit service kubernetes-dashboard
   64  kubectl -n kube-system get service kubernetes-dashboard
   65  kubectl -n kube-system describe secret $(kubectl -n kube-system get secret | grep admin-user | awk '{print $1}')
   66  ll
   67  kubectl create -f http://mirror.faasx.com/kubernetes/heapster/deploy/kube-config/influxdb/influxdb.yaml
   68  ll
   69  wget  http://mirror.faasx.com/kubernetes/heapster/deploy/kube-config/influxdb/influxdb.yaml
   70  kubectl create -f http://mirror.faasx.com/kubernetes/heapster/deploy/kube-config/influxdb/grafana.yaml
   71  wget   http://mirror.faasx.com/kubernetes/heapster/deploy/kube-config/influxdb/grafana.yaml
   72  kubectl create -f http://mirror.faasx.com/kubernetes/heapster/deploy/kube-config/influxdb/heapster.yaml
   73  wget  http://mirror.faasx.com/kubernetes/heapster/deploy/kube-config/influxdb/heapster.yaml
   74  kubectl create -f http://mirror.faasx.com/kubernetes/heapster/deploy/kube-config/rbac/heapster-rbac.yaml
   75  wget   http://mirror.faasx.com/kubernetes/heapster/deploy/kube-config/rbac/heapster-rbac.yaml
   76  kubectl  get  pods   --namespace=kube-system