HAL庫 TIM計數器及中斷開啟過程

1、初始化TIM基本計數器參數

void MX_TIM2_Init(void)
{
  TIM_ClockConfigTypeDef sClockSourceConfig = {0};
  TIM_MasterConfigTypeDef sMasterConfig = {0};

  htim2.Instance = TIM2;
  htim2.Init.Prescaler = 36000-1;
  htim2.Init.CounterMode = TIM_COUNTERMODE_UP;
  htim2.Init.Period = 2000-1;
  htim2.Init.ClockDivision = TIM_CLOCKDIVISION_DIV1;
  htim2.Init.AutoReloadPreload = TIM_AUTORELOAD_PRELOAD_DISABLE;
  if (HAL_TIM_Base_Init(&htim2) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  sClockSourceConfig.ClockSource = TIM_CLOCKSOURCE_INTERNAL;
  if (HAL_TIM_ConfigClockSource(&htim2, &sClockSourceConfig) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  sMasterConfig.MasterOutputTrigger = TIM_TRGO_RESET;
  sMasterConfig.MasterSlaveMode = TIM_MASTERSLAVEMODE_DISABLE;
  if (HAL_TIMEx_MasterConfigSynchronization(&htim2, &sMasterConfig) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }

}

2、HAL_TIM_Base_Init(&htim2)應用參數基本參數配置

HAL_StatusTypeDef HAL_TIM_Base_Init(TIM_HandleTypeDef *htim)
{
  /* Check the TIM handle allocation */
  if (htim == NULL)
  {
    return HAL_ERROR;
  }

  /* Check the parameters */
  assert_param(IS_TIM_INSTANCE(htim->Instance));
  assert_param(IS_TIM_COUNTER_MODE(htim->Init.CounterMode));
  assert_param(IS_TIM_CLOCKDIVISION_DIV(htim->Init.ClockDivision));
  assert_param(IS_TIM_AUTORELOAD_PRELOAD(htim->Init.AutoReloadPreload));

  if (htim->State == HAL_TIM_STATE_RESET)
  {
    /* Allocate lock resource and initialize it */
    htim->Lock = HAL_UNLOCKED;

#if (USE_HAL_TIM_REGISTER_CALLBACKS == 1)
    /* Reset interrupt callbacks to legacy weak callbacks */
    TIM_ResetCallback(htim);

    if (htim->Base_MspInitCallback == NULL)
    {
      htim->Base_MspInitCallback = HAL_TIM_Base_MspInit;
    }
    /* Init the low level hardware : GPIO, CLOCK, NVIC */
    htim->Base_MspInitCallback(htim);
#else
    /* Init the low level hardware : GPIO, CLOCK, NVIC */ HAL_TIM_Base_MspInit(htim); #endif /* USE_HAL_TIM_REGISTER_CALLBACKS */
  }

  /* Set the TIM state */
  htim->State = HAL_TIM_STATE_BUSY;

  /* Set the Time Base configuration */
  TIM_Base_SetConfig(htim->Instance, &htim->Init);

  /* Initialize the TIM state*/
  htim->State = HAL_TIM_STATE_READY;

  return HAL_OK;
}

3、HAL_TIM_Base_MspInit(htim) 初始化中斷信息(該函數需要重寫,CubeMX在配置生成代碼時會自動重寫該函數)

/**
  * @brief  Initializes the TIM Base MSP.
  * @param  htim TIM Base handle
  * @retval None
  */
__weak void HAL_TIM_Base_MspInit(TIM_HandleTypeDef *htim)
{
  /* Prevent unused argument(s) compilation warning */
  UNUSED(htim);

  /* NOTE : This function should not be modified, when the callback is needed,
            the HAL_TIM_Base_MspInit could be implemented in the user file
   */
}

重寫實現

void HAL_TIM_Base_MspInit(TIM_HandleTypeDef* tim_baseHandle)
{

  if(tim_baseHandle->Instance==TIM2)
  {
  /* USER CODE BEGIN TIM2_MspInit 0 */

  /* USER CODE END TIM2_MspInit 0 */
    /* TIM2 clock enable */
    __HAL_RCC_TIM2_CLK_ENABLE();

    /* TIM2 interrupt Init */
    HAL_NVIC_SetPriority(TIM2_IRQn, 0, 0);
    HAL_NVIC_EnableIRQ(TIM2_IRQn);
  /* USER CODE BEGIN TIM2_MspInit 1 */

  /* USER CODE END TIM2_MspInit 1 */
  }
}

4、使能TIM中斷

雖然經過以上配置,TIM的參數信息都已完整應用,但是TIM的中斷並沒用真正使能.這個地方困擾了我好久(運行沒錯誤,但是計數中斷就不觸發, 不計數),必需調用以下函數使能中斷,串口中斷使能也是類似的.

HAL_TIM_Base_Start_IT(TIM_HandleTypeDef *TIM);//開啟定時器中斷

該函數的調用地點只要是在 HAL_TIM_Base_MspInit(TIM_HandleTypeDef* tim_baseHandle) 函數之后就行,可以在main.c中也可以在上面的代碼之后.

下面的代碼存在一個BUG,如果 HAL_TIM_Base_Start_IT 函數調用寫在下面的位置,雖然可以使能中斷,但會造成MCU上電即觸發中斷的情況.

HAL_TIM_Base_MspInit調用之后會重新設置寄存器的值,__HAL_TIM_CLEAR_FLAG(tim_baseHandle, TIM_SR_UIF)清理的寄存器被改寫.

void HAL_TIM_Base_MspInit(TIM_HandleTypeDef* tim_baseHandle)
{

  if(tim_baseHandle->Instance==TIM2)
  {
  /* USER CODE BEGIN TIM2_MspInit 0 */

  /* USER CODE END TIM2_MspInit 0 */
    /* TIM2 clock enable */
    __HAL_RCC_TIM2_CLK_ENABLE();

    /* TIM2 interrupt Init */
    HAL_NVIC_SetPriority(TIM2_IRQn, 0, 0);
    HAL_NVIC_EnableIRQ(TIM2_IRQn);
  /* USER CODE BEGIN TIM2_MspInit 1 */
    //清理TIM開啟時的中斷標識
    __HAL_TIM_CLEAR_FLAG(tim_baseHandle, TIM_SR_UIF);//添加這條語句解決問題
    //htim2.Instance->SR = 0; //這是另一種解決辦法
    //使能TIM中斷
    HAL_TIM_Base_Start_IT(tim_baseHandle);
  /* USER CODE END TIM2_MspInit 1 */
  }
}

正確的做法是在 HAL_TIM_Base_Init(&htim2) 之后使能TIM中斷,並清理TIM的更新中斷寄存器

void MX_TIM2_Init(void)
{
  TIM_ClockConfigTypeDef sClockSourceConfig = {0};
  TIM_MasterConfigTypeDef sMasterConfig = {0};

  htim2.Instance = TIM2;
  htim2.Init.Prescaler = 36000-1;
  htim2.Init.CounterMode = TIM_COUNTERMODE_UP;
  htim2.Init.Period = 10000-1;
  htim2.Init.ClockDivision = TIM_CLOCKDIVISION_DIV1;
  htim2.Init.AutoReloadPreload = TIM_AUTORELOAD_PRELOAD_DISABLE;
  if (HAL_TIM_Base_Init(&htim2) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  sClockSourceConfig.ClockSource = TIM_CLOCKSOURCE_INTERNAL;
  if (HAL_TIM_ConfigClockSource(&htim2, &sClockSourceConfig) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  sMasterConfig.MasterOutputTrigger = TIM_TRGO_RESET;
  sMasterConfig.MasterSlaveMode = TIM_MASTERSLAVEMODE_DISABLE;
  if (HAL_TIMEx_MasterConfigSynchronization(&htim2, &sMasterConfig) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }

    //清理TIM開啟時的中斷標識
    __HAL_TIM_CLEAR_IT(&htim2, TIM_IT_UPDATE); //使能TIM中斷
    HAL_TIM_Base_Start_IT(&htim2);
}

 

5、計數中斷處理

/**
  * @brief This function handles TIM2 global interrupt.
  */
void TIM2_IRQHandler(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN TIM2_IRQn 0 */

  /* USER CODE END TIM2_IRQn 0 */ HAL_TIM_IRQHandler(&htim2); /* USER CODE BEGIN TIM2_IRQn 1 */

  /* USER CODE END TIM2_IRQn 1 */
}

HAL_TIM_IRQHandler(&htim2)中斷函數處理

/**
  * @brief  This function handles TIM interrupts requests.
  * @param  htim TIM  handle
  * @retval None
  */
void HAL_TIM_IRQHandler(TIM_HandleTypeDef *htim)
{
  /* Capture compare 1 event */
  if (__HAL_TIM_GET_FLAG(htim, TIM_FLAG_CC1) != RESET)
  {
    if (__HAL_TIM_GET_IT_SOURCE(htim, TIM_IT_CC1) != RESET)
    {
      {
        __HAL_TIM_CLEAR_IT(htim, TIM_IT_CC1);
        htim->Channel = HAL_TIM_ACTIVE_CHANNEL_1;

        /* Input capture event */
        if ((htim->Instance->CCMR1 & TIM_CCMR1_CC1S) != 0x00U)
        {
#if (USE_HAL_TIM_REGISTER_CALLBACKS == 1)
          htim->IC_CaptureCallback(htim);
#else
          HAL_TIM_IC_CaptureCallback(htim);
#endif /* USE_HAL_TIM_REGISTER_CALLBACKS */
        }
        /* Output compare event */
        else
        {
#if (USE_HAL_TIM_REGISTER_CALLBACKS == 1)
          htim->OC_DelayElapsedCallback(htim);
          htim->PWM_PulseFinishedCallback(htim);
#else
          HAL_TIM_OC_DelayElapsedCallback(htim);
          HAL_TIM_PWM_PulseFinishedCallback(htim);
#endif /* USE_HAL_TIM_REGISTER_CALLBACKS */
        }
        htim->Channel = HAL_TIM_ACTIVE_CHANNEL_CLEARED;
      }
    }
  }
........................
........................
  /* TIM Update event */
  if (__HAL_TIM_GET_FLAG(htim, TIM_FLAG_UPDATE) != RESET)
  {
    if (__HAL_TIM_GET_IT_SOURCE(htim, TIM_IT_UPDATE) != RESET)
    {
      __HAL_TIM_CLEAR_IT(htim, TIM_IT_UPDATE);
#if (USE_HAL_TIM_REGISTER_CALLBACKS == 1)
      htim->PeriodElapsedCallback(htim);
#else HAL_TIM_PeriodElapsedCallback(htim); #endif /* USE_HAL_TIM_REGISTER_CALLBACKS */
    }
  }
........................
........................

}

HAL_TIM_PeriodElapsedCallback(htim);當計數溢出時調用的回調函數,需要用戶根據實際需求具體實現

/**
  * @brief  Period elapsed callback in non-blocking mode
  * @param  htim TIM handle
  * @retval None
  */
__weak void HAL_TIM_PeriodElapsedCallback(TIM_HandleTypeDef *htim)
{
  /* Prevent unused argument(s) compilation warning */
  UNUSED(htim);

  /* NOTE : This function should not be modified, when the callback is needed,
            the HAL_TIM_PeriodElapsedCallback could be implemented in the user file
   */
}

 

6、實現計數完成回調函數,調試代碼,查看計數器中斷效果.