一、簡單介紹
前面已經介紹，可以使用Docker Hub公共倉庫，但是大多數情況企業都需要創建一個本地倉庫供自己使用。這里介紹幾種搭建私庫的方法
私庫的好處有幾點
1、節約帶寬
2、可以自己定制系統
3、更加安全
二、我知道的幾種方法
1、利用官方提供的工具docker-registry來配置私庫
官方提供的鏡像，注意這個工具是個鏡像，直接下載並使用registry鏡像啟動docker實例就可以了
2、利用Harbor-Registry，來搭建私庫
Harbor是一個用於存儲Docker鏡像的企業級Registry服務
三、通過官方docker-registry來配置私庫
1、環境
docker私庫地址：192.168.216.51 web1
docker服務器地址：192.168.216.52 web2，此節點使用私庫服務器來pull/push鏡像
2、拓撲
備注：這里docker hub 就是私庫
docker engine ：前面原理篇有介紹 ，是docker架構中的運行引擎，同時也Docker運行的核心模塊。它扮演Docker container存儲倉庫的角色，並且通過執行job的方式來操縱管理這些容器。
3、安裝docker私有倉庫
1）首先安裝
方式1
也可以下載rpm包安裝
rpm包地址：https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/7/x86_64/stable/Packages/
這里下載的是docker-ce-cli-19.03.2-3.el7.x86_64.rpm
為了解決依賴，配置本地源
[root@web2 yum.repos.d]# mv Centos-7.repo ./backup/ [root@web2 yum.repos.d]# ll total 16 drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 27 Sep 23 14:56 backup drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Sep 23 14:32 bakcup -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 65 Sep 23 14:53 docker-rpm.repo -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 664 Sep 23 12:54 epel-7.repo -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 951 Sep 23 12:54 epel.repo -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1050 Sep 23 12:54 epel-testing.repo [root@web2 yum.repos.d]# cd /root/docker-rpm/
[root@web2 docker-rpm]# createrepo ./
yum install docker-ce -y
方式2
配置阿里源，epel源里面我這里沒有docker，所以配置阿里源的docker源
阿里源地址：https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/
[root@web2 yum.repos.d]# cat docker-ce.repo [docker-ce-stable] name=Docker CE Stable - $basearch baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/$basearch/stable enabled=1 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg [docker-ce-stable-debuginfo] name=Docker CE Stable - Debuginfo $basearch baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/debug-$basearch/stable enabled=0 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg [docker-ce-stable-source] name=Docker CE Stable - Sources baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/source/stable enabled=0 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg [docker-ce-edge] name=Docker CE Edge - $basearch baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/$basearch/edge enabled=0 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg [docker-ce-edge-debuginfo] name=Docker CE Edge - Debuginfo $basearch baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/debug-$basearch/edge enabled=0 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg [docker-ce-edge-source] name=Docker CE Edge - Sources baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/source/edge enabled=0 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg [docker-ce-test] name=Docker CE Test - $basearch baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/$basearch/test enabled=0 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg [docker-ce-test-debuginfo] name=Docker CE Test - Debuginfo $basearch baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/debug-$basearch/test enabled=0 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg [docker-ce-test-source] name=Docker CE Test - Sources baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/source/test enabled=0 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg [docker-ce-nightly] name=Docker CE Nightly - $basearch baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/$basearch/nightly enabled=0 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg [docker-ce-nightly-debuginfo] name=Docker CE Nightly - Debuginfo $basearch baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/debug-$basearch/nightly enabled=0 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg [docker-ce-nightly-source] name=Docker CE Nightly - Sources baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/source/nightly enabled=0 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg [root@web2 yum.repos.d]#
yum install dockre-ce -y
2）開啟防火牆
systemctl start firewalld.service
3）開啟私有倉庫服務端
systemctl start docker
systemctl enable docker
確保兩台幾點都安裝了docker，並啟動
4、私有倉庫服務器拉取或load registry
方法1、直接拉取
[root@web1 yum.repos.d]# docker pull registry Using default tag: latest Trying to pull repository docker.io/library/registry ... latest: Pulling from docker.io/library/registry Digest: sha256:8004747f1e8cd820a148fb7499d71a76d45ff66bac6a29129bfdbfdc0154d146 Status: Image is up to date for docker.io/registry:latest [root@web1 yum.repos.d]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE zxg/nginx1 latest 3babdf3c6c6d 2 weeks ago 546 MB zxg/centos_nginx v1 7c6604cacec1 4 weeks ago 698 MB docker.io/atlassian/jira-software latest c4b90dede4f3 5 weeks ago 624 MB zxg/my_nginx v1 b164f4c07c64 8 weeks ago 126 MB zxg/my_nginx latest f07837869dfc 8 weeks ago 126 MB docker.io/nginx latest e445ab08b2be 2 months ago 126 MB docker.io/alpine latest b7b28af77ffe 2 months ago 5.58 MB docker.io/centos latest 9f38484d220f 6 months ago 202 MB docker.io/registry latest f32a97de94e1 6 months ago 25.8 MB [root@web1 yum.repos.d]#
方法2、下載registry.tar包，然后導入即可、
docker load -i registry.tar
5、私庫服務器隨便拉取一個鏡像,並且打好標簽
docker pull busybox
docker tag docker.io/busybox:latest 192.168.216.51:5000/busybox:latest
打好標簽就是下面標紅的行
[root@web1 ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE zxg/nginx1 latest 3babdf3c6c6d 2 weeks ago 546 MB 192.168.216.51:5000/busybox latest 19485c79a9bb 3 weeks ago 1.22 MB busybox v1 19485c79a9bb 3 weeks ago 1.22 MB docker.io/busybox latest 19485c79a9bb 3 weeks ago 1.22 MB zxg/centos_nginx v1 7c6604cacec1 4 weeks ago 698 MB
6、修改配置文件，指定私庫url
需要安裝docker-common，檢查一下有沒有安裝
[root@web1 yum.repos.d]# rpm -qf /etc/sysconfig/docker docker-common-1.13.1-96.gitb2f74b2.el7.centos.x86_64 [root@web1 yum.repos.d]#
配置文件添加--insecure-registry 192.168.216.51:5000
[root@web1 yum.repos.d]# cat /etc/sysconfig/docker # /etc/sysconfig/docker # # Modify these options if you want to change the way the docker daemon runs OPTIONS='--selinux-enabled --log-driver=journald --signature-verification=false --insecure-registry 192.168.216.51:5000' if [ -z "${DOCKER_CERT_PATH}" ]; then DOCKER_CERT_PATH=/etc/dockerd fi
7、重啟docker
[root@web1 yum.repos.d]# systemctl restart docker
8、啟動私有倉庫，使用registry鏡像運行一個docker就可以了
[root@web1 yum.repos.d]# docker run -d -p 5000:5000 -v /opt/registry:/var/lib/registry registry
###-v 指定本地持久路徑
27d56aa54e167c26c76e25136b247072883aa29dde247f20c45f97fafedb650b [root@web1 yum.repos.d]# docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 27d56aa54e16 registry "/entrypoint.sh /e..." About a minute ago Up 58 seconds 0.0.0.0:5000->5000/tcp frosty_ptolemy [root@web1 yum.repos.d]# netstat -antlop |grep 5000 tcp6 0 0 :::5000 :::* LISTEN 27767/docker-proxy- off (0.00/0/0) [root@web1 yum.repos.d]# netstat -antup |grep 5000 tcp6 0 0 :::5000 :::* LISTEN 27767/docker-proxy- [root@web1 yum.repos.d]#
[root@web1 yum.repos.d]# ls /opt/registry
###目錄已經自動創建
9、本機上傳鏡像，成功后使用tree查看
docker push 192.168.216.51:5000/busybox
[root@web1 ~]# tree /opt/registry/docker/registry/ /opt/registry/docker/registry/ └── v2 ├── blobs │ └── sha256 │ ├── 19 │ │ └── 19485c79a9bbdca205fce4f791efeaa2a103e23431434696cc54fdd939e9198d │ │ └── data │ ├── 7c │ │ └── 7c9d20b9b6cda1c58bc4f9d6c401386786f584437abbe87e58910f8a9a15386b │ │ └── data │ └── dd │ └── dd97a3fe6d721c5cf03abac0f50e2848dc583f7c4e41bf39102ceb42edfd1808 │ └── data └── repositories └── busybox ├── _layers │ └── sha256 │ ├── 19485c79a9bbdca205fce4f791efeaa2a103e23431434696cc54fdd939e9198d │ │ └── link │ └── 7c9d20b9b6cda1c58bc4f9d6c401386786f584437abbe87e58910f8a9a15386b │ └── link ├── _manifests │ ├── revisions │ │ └── sha256 │ │ └── dd97a3fe6d721c5cf03abac0f50e2848dc583f7c4e41bf39102ceb42edfd1808 │ │ └── link │ └── tags │ └── latest │ ├── current │ │ └── link │ └── index │ └── sha256 │ └── dd97a3fe6d721c5cf03abac0f50e2848dc583f7c4e41bf39102ceb42edfd1808 │ └── link └── _uploads 26 directories, 8 files [root@web1 ~]#
10、使用52節點下載busybox鏡像
我這里已經裝好docker，就不演示怎么安裝docker，這里都是按照之前原理篇的安裝方式，請見如下鏈接：
安裝docker請參考：Docker1 架構原理及簡單使用
###修改配置文件添加"--insecure-registry不安全的注冊"
[root@web2 ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/docker |grep 5000 OPTIONS='--selinux-enabled --log-driver=journald --signature-verification=false --insecure-registry 192.168.216.51:5000' ###拉取鏡像
[root@web2 ~]# docker pull 192.168.216.51:5000/busybox Using default tag: latest Trying to pull repository 192.168.216.51:5000/busybox ... latest: Pulling from 192.168.216.51:5000/busybox 7c9d20b9b6cd: Pull complete Digest: sha256:dd97a3fe6d721c5cf03abac0f50e2848dc583f7c4e41bf39102ceb42edfd1808 Status: Downloaded newer image for 192.168.216.51:5000/busybox:latest ###查看鏡像
[root@web2 ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE 192.168.216.51:5000/busybox latest 19485c79a9bb 3 weeks ago 1.22 MB
###運行實例-成功
[root@web2 ~]# docker run 192.168.216.51:5000/busybox echo "1111"
1111
[root@web2 ~]#
###創建鏡像鏈接並命名
[root@web2 ~]# docker tag 192.168.216.51:5000/busybox busybox:v1
###刪除鏡像
[root@web2 ~]# docker rmi 192.168.216.51:5000/busybox
[root@web2 ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
busybox v1 19485c79a9bb 3 weeks ago 1.22 MB
###運行新的實例
[root@web2 ~]# docker run busybox:v1 echo 222
222
到這里已經完成了私庫搭建方方法，不過應該在上傳一個新版本測試：
[root@web2 ~]# docker tag busybox:v1 192.168.216.51:5000/busybox:v1 [root@web2 ~]# docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES [root@web2 ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE 192.168.216.51:5000/busybox v1 19485c79a9bb 3 weeks ago 1.22 MB busybox v1 19485c79a9bb 3 weeks ago 1.22 MB [root@web2 ~]# docker push 192.168.216.51:5000/busybox The push refers to a repository [192.168.216.51:5000/busybox] 6c0ea40aef9d: Layer already exists v1: digest: sha256:dd97a3fe6d721c5cf03abac0f50e2848dc583f7c4e41bf39102ceb42edfd1808 size: 527 [root@web2 ~]#
11、回到51節點測試查看有沒有新的版本上傳上來
在51節點，上用tree命令查看，可以看到v1版本
[root@web1 ~]# tree /opt/registry/docker/registry/ /opt/registry/docker/registry/ └── v2 ├── blobs │ └── sha256 │ ├── 19 │ │ └── 19485c79a9bbdca205fce4f791efeaa2a103e23431434696cc54fdd939e9198d │ │ └── data │ ├── 7c │ │ └── 7c9d20b9b6cda1c58bc4f9d6c401386786f584437abbe87e58910f8a9a15386b │ │ └── data │ └── dd │ └── dd97a3fe6d721c5cf03abac0f50e2848dc583f7c4e41bf39102ceb42edfd1808 │ └── data └── repositories └── busybox ├── _layers │ └── sha256 │ ├── 19485c79a9bbdca205fce4f791efeaa2a103e23431434696cc54fdd939e9198d │ │ └── link │ └── 7c9d20b9b6cda1c58bc4f9d6c401386786f584437abbe87e58910f8a9a15386b │ └── link ├── _manifests │ ├── revisions │ │ └── sha256 │ │ └── dd97a3fe6d721c5cf03abac0f50e2848dc583f7c4e41bf39102ceb42edfd1808 │ │ └── link │ └── tags │ ├── latest │ │ ├── current │ │ │ └── link │ │ └── index │ │ └── sha256 │ │ └── dd97a3fe6d721c5cf03abac0f50e2848dc583f7c4e41bf39102ceb42edfd1808 │ │ └── link │ └── v1 │ ├── current │ │ └── link │ └── index │ └── sha256 │ └── dd97a3fe6d721c5cf03abac0f50e2848dc583f7c4e41bf39102ceb42edfd1808 │ └── link └── _uploads
四、總結大家私有倉庫的步驟
配置前可以先把防火牆及selinux全部關閉
1、安裝docker
2、修改配置文件兩台節點一樣，有兩種方式：（注意！！！）
1）、添加參數到/etc/sysconfig/docker文件
OPTIONS='--selinux-enabled --log-driver=journald --signature-verification=false --insecure-registry 192.168.216.51:5000'
2）、還可以把這行添加到啟動參數里，/usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service
ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd-current --insecure-registry 192.168.216.51:5000
注意：新版本已經沒有/etc/sysconfig/docker配置文件了，所以可以統一放到啟動參數/usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service
3、拉取registry鏡像
4、運行registry鏡像並映射5000端口
5、打標簽上傳下載鏡像完成
五、帶授權的registry
注意：這里是創建密碼認證，而不是證書的認證
1、創建授權目錄
mkdir /auth
2、使用registry鏡像生成 htpasswd加密文件其中加密了密碼
創建用戶名：zxg，密碼123456，並加密
docker run --entrypoint htpasswd registry -Bbn zxg 123456 >/auth/htpasswd
可以看到密碼123456已經加密了
[root@web1 auth]# cat htpasswd zxg:$2y$05$qCY7iWVJIoOrnIp17WQOf.fcXUTo5xm4DwP3a/8ggzZlEZ3bsnonm
注釋：
--entrypoint ：是docker的一種指令，用於給出容器啟動后默認入口
3、啟動帶參數的鏡像
[root@web1 /]# docker run -d -p 5000:5000 --restart=always --name registry1 \
> -v /opt/registry:/var/lib/registry
> -v /auth:/auth
> -e "REGISTRY_AUTH=htpasswd"
> -e REGISTRY_AUTH_HTPASSWD_REALM="Registry Realm"
> -e REGISTRY_AUTH_HTPASSWD_PATH=/auth/htpasswd
> registry 37f0ce01ea327e6cd62798e0df683d5d2a4317c3fd865c0f1e19b654f052fe66
4、52節點創建busybox便簽v2上傳，先登陸，然后上傳
[root@web2 ~]# docker login 192.168.216.51:5000 Username: zxg Password: Login Succeeded [root@web2 ~]# docker tag busybox:v2 192.168.216.51:5000/busybox:v2 busybox v2 19485c79a9bb 3 weeks ago 1.22 MB [root@web2 ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE 192.168.216.51:5000/busybox v1 19485c79a9bb 3 weeks ago 1.22 MB 192.168.216.51:5000/busybox v2 19485c79a9bb 3 weeks ago 1.22 MB busybox v1 19485c79a9bb 3 weeks ago 1.22 MB busybox v2 19485c79a9bb 3 weeks ago 1.22 MB [root@web2 ~]# docker push 192.168.216.51:5000/busybox:v2 The push refers to a repository [192.168.216.51:5000/busybox] 6c0ea40aef9d: Pushed v2: digest: sha256:dd97a3fe6d721c5cf03abac0f50e2848dc583f7c4e41bf39102ceb42edfd1808 size: 527 [root@web2 ~]#
5、回到51上確認是否上傳成功
[root@web1 auth]# tree /opt/registry/docker/registry/v2/ /opt/registry/docker/registry/v2/ ├── blobs │ └── sha256 │ ├── 19 │ │ └── 19485c79a9bbdca205fce4f791efeaa2a103e23431434696cc54fdd939e9198d │ │ └── data │ ├── 7c │ │ └── 7c9d20b9b6cda1c58bc4f9d6c401386786f584437abbe87e58910f8a9a15386b │ │ └── data │ └── dd │ └── dd97a3fe6d721c5cf03abac0f50e2848dc583f7c4e41bf39102ceb42edfd1808 │ └── data └── repositories └── busybox ├── _layers │ └── sha256 │ ├── 19485c79a9bbdca205fce4f791efeaa2a103e23431434696cc54fdd939e9198d │ │ └── link │ └── 7c9d20b9b6cda1c58bc4f9d6c401386786f584437abbe87e58910f8a9a15386b │ └── link ├── _manifests │ ├── revisions │ │ └── sha256 │ │ └── dd97a3fe6d721c5cf03abac0f50e2848dc583f7c4e41bf39102ceb42edfd1808 │ │ └── link │ └── tags │ ├── latest │ │ ├── current │ │ │ └── link │ │ └── index │ │ └── sha256 │ │ └── dd97a3fe6d721c5cf03abac0f50e2848dc583f7c4e41bf39102ceb42edfd1808 │ │ └── link │ ├── v1 │ │ ├── current │ │ │ └── link │ │ └── index │ │ └── sha256 │ │ └── dd97a3fe6d721c5cf03abac0f50e2848dc583f7c4e41bf39102ceb42edfd1808 │ │ └── link │ └── v2 │ ├── current │ │ └── link │ └── index │ └── sha256 │ └── dd97a3fe6d721c5cf03abac0f50e2848dc583f7c4e41bf39102ceb42edfd1808 │ └── link └── _uploads 35 directories, 12 files
可以看到已經有v2版本，成功，下一篇將介紹Harbor-Registry的方式。
轉載請注明出處：https://www.cnblogs.com/zhangxingeng/p/11558782.html