https://www.cnblogs.com/onlybobby/p/7018788.html
parted命令 和 fdisk命令的區別：
fdisk命令是針對MBR分區進行操作，MBR分區因為自身設計原因，不能處理大於2TB的硬盤，並且只能有4個分區。
那么針對大於2TB的硬盤，需要采用GPT分區，使用parted命令進行操作
parted命令使用
| print [free|all | NUMBER] | 查看分區狀態信息 |
| mkpart PART-TYPE START END | 創建新分區， PART-TYPE: primary extended logical START, END 開始，結束為止 |
| set NUMBER FLAG STATE | 對編號為NUMBER的進行標記。 FLAG: boot 引導， hidden 隱藏， raid 軟raid， lvm 邏輯卷， STATE: on| off |
| mkfs NUMBER FS-TYPE | 對NUMBER指定文件系統。FS-Type有：ext2、fat16、fat32、linuxswap、NTFS、reiserfs、ufs 等 |
| cp [FROM-DEV] FROM-NUMBER TO-NUMBER | 將分區 FROM-NUMBER 上的文件系統完整地復制到分區TO-NUMBER 中，作為可選項還可以指定一個來源硬盤的設備名稱FROM-DEVICE，若省略則在當前設備上進行復制。 |
| move NUMBER START END | 將指定編號 NUMBER 的分區移動到從 START 開始 END 結束的位置上。注意：（1）只能將分區移動到空閑空間中。（2）雖然分區被移動了，但它的分區編號是不會改變的 |
| resize NUMBER START END | 對指定編號 NUMBER 的分區調整大小。分區的開始位置和結束位置由 START 和 END 決定 |
| check NUMBER | 檢查指定編號 NUMBER 分區中的文件系統是否有什么錯誤 |
| rescue START END | rescue START END |
| mklabel,mktable LABELTYPE | 創建一個新的 LABEL-TYPE 類型的空磁盤分區表，對於PC而言 msdos 是常用的 LABELTYPE。 若是用 GUID 分區表，LABEL-TYPE 應該為 gpt |
實例：
1. 對/dev/sdb分區進行操作
[root@localhost ~]# parted /dev/sdb GNU Parted 3.1 Using /dev/sdb Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.
2. 制定磁盤格式為gpt (parted) mklabel New disk label type? gpt
3. 查看磁盤分區信息 (parted) print Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi) Disk /dev/sdb: 1074MB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: gpt Disk Flags: Number Start End Size File system Name Flags
4. 制作分區 (parted) mkpart Partition name? []? d1 File system type? [ext2]? ext4 Start? 0 End? 512M Warning: The resulting partition is not properly aligned for best performance. #注意這個警告。采用這種方式分區只是測試，后邊又把相關分區刪除了。 Ignore/Cancel? i
5. 查看新增分區后的狀態 (parted) prin Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi) Disk /dev/sdb: 1074MB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: gpt Disk Flags: Number Start End Size File system Name Flags 1 17.4kB 512MB 512MB d1
6. 刪除分區1（Number號） (parted) rm 1
7. 新增分區 primary 分區，起始2048sector ，結束磁盤大小的50% (parted) mkpart primary 2048s 50% (parted) print Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi) Disk /dev/sdb: 1074MB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: gpt Disk Flags: Number Start End Size File system Name Flags 1 1049kB 537MB 536MB primary
8. 新增另一個分區，primary分區，起始磁盤的50%，結束100%大小。 (parted) mkpart primary 50% 100%
(parted) p Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi) Disk /dev/sdb: 1074MB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: gpt Disk Flags: Number Start End Size File system Name Flags 1 1049kB 537MB 536MB primary 2 537MB 1073MB 536MB primary
9. 退出parted (parted) q Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.
10. fdisk查看磁盤狀態。能夠發現新增磁盤分區狀態。 [root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk label type: dos Disk identifier: 0x000c0b7f Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2048 1026047 512000 83 Linux /dev/sda2 1026048 41943039 20458496 8e Linux LVM Disk /dev/mapper/rhel-root: 18.8 GB, 18798870528 bytes, 36716544 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk /dev/mapper/rhel-swap: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes, 4194304 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes WARNING: fdisk GPT support is currently new, and therefore in an experimental phase. Use at your own discretion. Disk /dev/sdb: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes, 2097152 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk label type: gpt # Start End Size Type Name 1 2048 1048575 511M Microsoft basic primary 2 1048576 2095103 511M Microsoft basic primary 11. 新增完成后，建議重新格式化分區。 [root@localhost ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1 mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013) Filesystem label= OS type: Linux Block size=1024 (log=0) Fragment size=1024 (log=0) Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks 131072 inodes, 523264 blocks 26163 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user First data block=1 Maximum filesystem blocks=34078720 64 block groups 8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group 2048 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks: 8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409 Allocating group tables: done Writing inode tables: done Creating journal (8192 blocks): done Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done [root@localhost ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb2 mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013) Filesystem label= OS type: Linux Block size=1024 (log=0) Fragment size=1024 (log=0) Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks 131072 inodes, 523264 blocks 26163 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user First data block=1 Maximum filesystem blocks=34078720 64 block groups 8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group 2048 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks: 8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409 Allocating group tables: done Writing inode tables: done Creating journal (8192 blocks): done Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
12. 修改/etc/fstab實現自動掛載
建議使用UUID進行掛在
blkid /dev/sdb1 (或者blkid)
/dev/sdb1: UUID="bc95b330-5eb9-4b68-9f9f-71c52247a1b4" TYPE="ext4"
修改/etc/fstab
UUID=bc95b330-5eb9-4b68-9f9f-71c52247a1b4 /opt ext4 defaults 0 0