Python3 內置http.client,urllib.request及三方庫requests發送請求對比

如有任何學習問題，可以添加作者微信：lockingfree
更多學習資料請加QQ群: 822601020獲取

HTTP,GET請求,無參

GET http://httpbin.org/get

Python3 http.client

import http.client

# 1. 建立HTTP連接
conn = http.client.HTTPConnection("httpbin.org")
# 2. 發送GET請求，制定接口路徑
conn.request("GET", '/get')
# 3. 獲取相應
res = conn.getresponse()
# 4. 解析相應.進行解碼
print(res.read().encode("utf-8")) # 自己解碼

Python3 urllib.request

import urllib.request  # 如果import urllib，則在使用urllib.request時會報錯

res = urllib.request.urlopen("http://httpbin.org/get")
print(res.read().decode("utf-8"))  # 自己解碼

Python3 requests

import requests

res = requests.get("http://httpbin.org/get")
print(res.text) # 自動按默認utf-8解碼

HTTPS,GET請求,帶中文參數

GET http://httpbin.org/get?name=張三&age=12

Python3 http.client

import http.client
import urllib.parse

conn = http.client.HTTPSConnection("httpbin.org")
url = urllib.parse.quote("/get?name=張三&age=12", safe=':/?=&') # 進行url編碼
conn.request("GET", url)
res = conn.getresponse()
print(res.read().decode("utf-8")) # 自己解碼

Python3 urllib.request

import urllib
import urllib.parse

url = urllib.parse.quote("https://httpbin.org/get?name=張三&age=12", safe=':/?=&') # 進行url編碼
res = urllib.request.urlopen("url")
print(res.read().decode("utf-8"))  # 自己解碼

Python3 requests

import requests

res = requests.get("https://httpbin.org/get?name=張三&age=12") # 自動編碼
print(res.text) # 自動按默認utf-8解碼

Post x-www-form-urlencoded傳統表單請求

POST http://httpbin.org/post 請求數據: name=張三&age=12

Python3 http.client

import http.client
import urllib.parse

conn = http.client.HTTPConnection("httpbin.org")
data = urllib.parse.urlencode({"name":"張三", "age": 12}).encode("utf-8") # 對數據進行url編碼及utf-8編碼
conn.request("POST", '/post', data)
res = conn.getresponse()
print(res.read().decode("utf-8"))

Python3 urllib.request

import urllib
import urllib.parse
import urllib.request

data = urllib.parse.urlencode({"name":"張三", "age": 12}).encode("utf-8") # 對數據進行url編碼及utf-8編碼
req = urllib.request.Request("http://httpbin.org/post", data=data)
res = urllib.request.urlopen(req)
print(res.read().decode("utf-8")) 

Python3 requests

import requests

data = {"name":"張三", "age": 12}
res = requests.post("http://httpbin.org/post", data=data) # 自動編碼
print(res.text)

Post application/json請求

POST http://httpbin.org/post 請求數據: {"name": "張三","age": 12}

Python3 http.client

import http.client
import urllib.parse
import json

conn = http.client.HTTPConnection("httpbin.org")
data = '{"name":"張三", "age": 12}'.encode('utf-8') # 或data = json.dumps({"name":"張三", "age": 12})
headers = {"Content-Type": "application/json"}
conn.request("POST", '/post', data, headers)
res = conn.getresponse()
print(res.read().decode("utf-8"))

Python3 urllib.request

import urllib
import urllib.parse
import urllib.request
import json

data = '{"name":"張三", "age": 12}'.encode('utf-8') # 或data = json.dumps({"name":"張三", "age": 12})
headers = {"Content-Type": "application/json"}
req = urllib.request.Request("http://httpbin.org/post", data=data, headers=headers)
res = urllib.request.urlopen(req)
print(res.read().decode("utf-8")) 

Python3 requests

import requests

data = {"name":"張三", "age": 12}
res = requests.post("http://httpbin.org/post", json=data)
print(res.json())  # 轉為字典格式

或

import requests
import json

data = {"name":"張三", "age": 12}
headers = {"Content-Type": "application/json"}
res = requests.post("http://httpbin.org/post", data=json.dumps(data), headers=headers)
print(res.json())  # 轉為字典格式