GO 使用 動態鏈接庫（共享鏈接庫）進行編譯 生成動態鏈接可執行文件

我們使用 go help buildmode 可以看到 go 可以以多種方式進行構建，默認使用靜態鏈接庫.

➜  src go help buildmode
The 'go build' and 'go install' commands take a -buildmode argument which
indicates which kind of object file is to be built. Currently supported values
are:

    -buildmode=archive
        Build the listed non-main packages into .a files. Packages named
        main are ignored.

    -buildmode=c-archive
        Build the listed main package, plus all packages it imports,
        into a C archive file. The only callable symbols will be those
        functions exported using a cgo //export comment. Requires
        exactly one main package to be listed.

    -buildmode=c-shared
        Build the listed main package, plus all packages it imports,
        into a C shared library. The only callable symbols will
        be those functions exported using a cgo //export comment.
        Requires exactly one main package to be listed.

    -buildmode=default
        Listed main packages are built into executables and listed
        non-main packages are built into .a files (the default
        behavior).

    -buildmode=shared
        Combine all the listed non-main packages into a single shared
        library that will be used when building with the -linkshared
        option. Packages named main are ignored.

    -buildmode=exe
        Build the listed main packages and everything they import into
        executables. Packages not named main are ignored.

    -buildmode=pie
        Build the listed main packages and everything they import into
        position independent executables (PIE). Packages not named
        main are ignored.

    -buildmode=plugin
        Build the listed main packages, plus all packages that they
        import, into a Go plugin. Packages not named main are ignored.

在macos上我們使用shared 模式，但是顯示不支持，我們換成linux平台進行實驗：

➜  src go install -buildmode=shared yxpkg 
-buildmode=shared not supported on darwin/amd64

創建libstd.so 庫：

root@docker ~/go# go install -buildmode=shared std

創建yxpkg包的 so庫：

root@docker ~/go# go install -buildmode=shared -linkshared yxpkg

編譯 main.go 生成動態鏈接的可執行文件：

root@docker ~/g/src# go build -linkshared yaoxu.go

我們對比之前生成的靜態鏈接的可執行文件：發現其可執行文件大小，相差很大；

root@docker ~/g/src# ll
total 1.9M
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  22K Aug 29 17:17 yaoxu*
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   87 Aug 29 16:57 yaoxu.go
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4.0K Aug 29 16:27 yxpkg/
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 1.9M Aug 29 16:57 yx_static*

我們分別使用ldd 查看兩個文件：

 可見，兩個文件一個是動態鏈接文件，一個是靜態鏈接文件。

其中需要注意的是，go進行動態鏈接編譯的時候，還是需要源代碼文件輔助編譯，我想主要是構建符號表的原因。

還有一些具體的細節，你可以配置自己的環境，自行進行測試；

編譯后的工作區的目錄結構如下：

 其中，yxpkg 是包，yaoxu.go文件中使用到了 yxpkg包中的函數內容；

工作區代碼可以在如下連接中找到：https://github.com/yaowenxu/Workplace/tree/a8adb505ca5ad81c58ff51c49b7f4d3dabf68b2f/go

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