1.前言
因為經常換環境,在搭ssm框架的時候老是出錯,所以記錄一下最近搭建的環境,以供參考。
本文講解如何使用maven搭建ssm框架,並能用於簡單的登錄注冊。
IDE:IDEA,JDK版本:1.8,數據庫:mysql5.7 啟動方式:tomcat
首先創建一個簡單的數據庫表,用於保存用戶名和密碼,id是主鍵,如圖:

然后創建一個maven的web工程,先上目錄結構:

在java中總共有五個包:
- controller:放置控制器,在控制層控制邏輯業務跳轉的類文件。
- dao:dao層的接口及其實現類都放在這個包下,其中包含generator逆向生成的類
- bean:存放generator逆向生成實體類
- test:使用逆向時需要的測試類
- service:業務層的接口與實現類放在這個包下,包含具體業務邏輯。
2.maven工程導入依賴
下面是需要在pom.xml文件中添加的依賴,可能部分jar包多余,但是本項目不沖突:
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.xk</groupId> <artifactId>XXXXX</artifactId> <packaging>war</packaging> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>xyspgl Maven Webapp</name> <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <!-- spring version --> <spring.version>4.3.0.RELEASE</spring.version> <mybatis.version>3.3.0</mybatis.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis.generator</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-generator-core</artifactId> <version>1.3.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>3.8.1</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!-- spring-core --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- spring-context --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- Spring AOP --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- AspectJ Runtime --> <dependency> <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId> <artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId> <version>1.8.6</version> </dependency> <!-- AspectJ Weaver --> <dependency> <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId> <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId> <version>1.8.6</version> </dependency> <!-- SpringMVC --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- c3p0 datasource --> <!-- <dependency> <groupId>c3p0</groupId> <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId> <version>0.9.1</version> </dependency> --> <dependency> <groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId> <artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId> <version>1.4</version> </dependency> <!-- mysql-connector --> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>5.1.38</version> </dependency> <!-- mybatis --> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId> <version>${mybatis.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- cglib javassist --> <dependency> <groupId>cglib</groupId> <artifactId>cglib</artifactId> <version>3.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.javassist</groupId> <artifactId>javassist</artifactId> <version>3.17.1-GA</version> </dependency> <!-- logger --> <dependency> <groupId>commons-logging</groupId> <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId> <version>1.1.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-lang</groupId> <artifactId>commons-lang</artifactId> <version>2.6</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j</artifactId> <version>1.2.17</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId> <version>1.7.5</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j-core</artifactId> <version>2.0.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId> <version>1.7.5</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId> <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId> <version>1.3</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId> <version>1.2.24</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId> <version>2.5.3</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId> <version>5.0.0.Final</version> </dependency> <!-- mybatis-spring 整合 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId> <version>1.2.2</version> </dependency> <!-- jstl 標簽庫 --> <dependency> <groupId>jstl</groupId> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> </dependency> <!-- file upload part --> <dependency> <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId> <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId> <version>1.3</version> </dependency> <!--分頁 --> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.github.pagehelper/pagehelper --> <dependency> <groupId>com.github.pagehelper</groupId> <artifactId>pagehelper</artifactId> <version>4.1.4</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId> <version>4.0.1</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <finalName>xyspgl</finalName> <!-- 配置編譯依賴工具 --> <plugins> <plugin> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.maven.plugins/maven-compiler-plugin --> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.8.0</version> <configuration> <source>1.8</source> <target>1.8</target> <encoding>UTF8</encoding> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
3.配置文件
在src/main/resources下新建幾個基本的配置文件:

其中,mapper文件夾存放generator逆向生成的mapper配置文件;
db.properties是放置數據庫以及數據池的數據:
driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver #在和mysql傳遞數據的過程中,使用unicode編碼格式,並且字符集設置為utf-8 url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/ssm?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8 user=root password=root #password=123456 minIdle=50 maxIdle=45 initialSize=5 maxActive=100 maxWait=100 removeAbandonedTimeout=180 removeAbandoned=true timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis=60000 testWhileIdle=true testOnBorrow=false testOnReturn=false
log4j.properties是日志的相關配置:
# Global logging configuration log4j.rootLogger=DEBUG, stdout # Console output... log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%5p [%t] - %m%n
ApplicationContext.xml是Spring的配置文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.0.xsd"> <!--注解掃描--> <context:component-scan base-package="itle.service"></context:component-scan> <!--數據源連接池--> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties" /> <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" p:driverClassName="${driver}" p:url="${url}" p:username="${user}" p:password="${password}" p:minIdle="${minIdle}" p:maxIdle="${maxIdle}" p:initialSize="${initialSize}" p:maxActive="${maxActive}" p:maxWait="${maxWait}" p:removeAbandoned="${removeAbandoned}" p:removeAbandonedTimeout="${removeAbandonedTimeout}" p:testOnBorrow="${testOnBorrow}" p:testOnReturn="${testOnReturn}" p:validationQuery="select 1" p:testWhileIdle="${testWhileIdle}" p:numTestsPerEvictionRun="${maxActive}" p:timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis="${timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis}"> </bean> <!--sql的映射文件配置--> <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean" p:dataSource-ref="dataSource" p:configLocation="classpath:mybatis-config.xml" p:typeAliasesPackage="itle.bean" p:mapperLocations="classpath:mapper/UserMapper.xml"></bean> <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer" p:basePackage="itle.dao"></bean> <!-- 事務管理器 --> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager" p:dataSource-ref="dataSource"> </bean> <!-- 事務注解的支持 --> <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" /> </beans>
mybatis-config.xml是mybatis的配置文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd" >
<configuration>
<plugins>
<plugin interceptor="com.github.pagehelper.PageHelper">
<property name="pageSizeZero" value="true"/>
<property name="reasonable" value="true"/></plugin>
</plugins>
</configuration>
SpringMvc.xml是springmvc的配置文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd"> <!-- @Controller注解掃描 --> <context:component-scan base-package="itle.controller"></context:component-scan> <!-- 注解驅動: 替我們顯示的配置了最新版的注解的處理器映射器和處理器適配器 --> <mvc:annotation-driven ></mvc:annotation-driven> <!-- 配置視圖解析器 作用:在controller中指定頁面路徑的時候就不用寫頁面的完整路徑名稱了,可以直接寫頁面去掉擴展名的名稱 --> <!--配多視圖解析器 --> <bean id="contentNegotiationManager" class="org.springframework.web.accept.ContentNegotiationManagerFactoryBean"> <property name="mediaTypes"> <map> <entry key="html" value="text/html;charset=UTF-8"></entry> <entry key="json" value="application/json;charset=UTF-8"></entry> <entry key="xml" value="application/xml;charset=UTF-8"></entry> </map> </property> <property name="defaultContentType" value="text/html"></property> </bean> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.ContentNegotiatingViewResolver"> <property name="contentNegotiationManager" ref="contentNegotiationManager"></property> <property name="viewResolvers"> <list> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" p:suffix=".jsp" p:prefix="/WEB-INF/jsp/"></bean> </list> </property> </bean> </beans>
接下來是web.xml的全局配置:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
<display-name>ssm3</display-name>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<!-- 加載spring容器 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:ApplicationContext*.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- springmvc前端控制器 -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springMvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:SpringMvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<!-- 在tomcat啟動的時候就加載這個servlet -->
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springMvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!--編碼設置-->
<filter>
<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</web-app>
到此,ssm的環境基本算是搭建成功,接下來是要編寫java實體代碼。
4.Genarator自動構建代碼
首先是genarator.xml文件,用於逆向自動生成dao和bean以及mapper的映射文件,需要改動路徑的部分都用注釋標明,代碼如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE generatorConfiguration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD MyBatis Generator Configuration 1.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-generator-config_1_0.dtd"> <generatorConfiguration> <context id="testTables" targetRuntime="MyBatis3"> <commentGenerator> <!-- 是否去除自動生成的注釋 true:是 : false:否 --> <property name="suppressAllComments" value="true" /> </commentGenerator> <!--數據庫連接的信息:驅動類、連接地址、用戶名、密碼 --> <jdbcConnection driverClass="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" connectionURL="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssm" userId="root" password="root"> </jdbcConnection> <!-- <jdbcConnection driverClass="oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver" connectionURL="jdbc:oracle:thin:@127.0.0.1:1521:yycg" userId="yycg" password="yycg"> </jdbcConnection> --> <!-- 默認false,把JDBC DECIMAL 和 NUMERIC 類型解析為 Integer,為 true時把JDBC DECIMAL 和 NUMERIC 類型解析為java.math.BigDecimal --> <javaTypeResolver> <property name="forceBigDecimals" value="false" /> </javaTypeResolver> <!-- targetProject:指定生成PO類的位置 --> <!--改#####--> <javaModelGenerator targetPackage="itle.bean" targetProject=".\src\main\java"> <!-- enableSubPackages:是否讓schema作為包的后綴 --> <property name="enableSubPackages" value="false" /> <!-- 從數據庫返回的值被清理前后的空格 --> <property name="trimStrings" value="true" /> </javaModelGenerator> <!-- targetProject:指定sql文件mapper映射文件生成的位置 --> <!--改#####--> <sqlMapGenerator targetPackage="mapper" targetProject=".\src\main\resources"> <!-- enableSubPackages:是否讓schema作為包的后綴 --> <property name="enableSubPackages" value="false" /> </sqlMapGenerator> <!-- targetPackage:指定dao接口m生成的位置 --> <!--改#####--> <javaClientGenerator type="XMLMAPPER" targetPackage="itle.dao" targetProject=".\src\main\java"> <!-- enableSubPackages:是否讓schema作為包的后綴 --> <property name="enableSubPackages" value="false" /> </javaClientGenerator> <!-- 指定數據庫表 --> <!-- <table tableName="items"></table> --> <table tableName="user"></table> <!--改#####--> <!-- <table tableName="orderdetail"></table> --> <!-- <table tableName="user"></table> --> <!-- <table schema="" tableName="sys_user"></table> <table schema="" tableName="sys_role"></table> <table schema="" tableName="sys_permission"></table> <table schema="" tableName="sys_user_role"></table> <table schema="" tableName="sys_role_permission"></table> --> <!-- 有些表的字段需要指定java類型 <table schema="" tableName=""> <columnOverride column="" javaType="" /> </table> --> </context> </generatorConfiguration>
配置genarator.xml之后要編寫測試類編譯生成相關配置類,在itle/test中新建一個類StartServer
import java.io.File; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import org.mybatis.generator.api.MyBatisGenerator; import org.mybatis.generator.config.Configuration; import org.mybatis.generator.config.xml.ConfigurationParser; import org.mybatis.generator.internal.DefaultShellCallback; //逆向生成映射文件 public class StartServer { public void generator() throws Exception{ List<String> warnings = new ArrayList<String>(); boolean overwrite = true; File configFile = new File("src\\main\\resources\\genarator.xml"); ConfigurationParser cp = new ConfigurationParser(warnings); Configuration config = cp.parseConfiguration(configFile); DefaultShellCallback callback = new DefaultShellCallback(overwrite); MyBatisGenerator myBatisGenerator = new MyBatisGenerator(config, callback, warnings); myBatisGenerator.generate(null); } public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { try { StartServer startServer = new StartServer(); startServer.generator(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }
運行這段代碼,刷新項目,會dao、bean、mapper三個包中生成相應類,所以這3個包我們是不需要去管的。
5.編寫業務層
在service包下新建一個接口 IUserService
import java.util.List; import itle.bean.User; public interface IUserService { public boolean findUserByNameAndPwd(User user) throws Exception; public boolean register(User user) throws Exception; }
再新建一個相應的實現類 UserServiceImpl
import java.util.List; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import itle.dao.UserMapper; import itle.bean.User; import itle.bean.UserExample; @Service public class UserServiceImpl implements IUserService { @Autowired private UserMapper userMapper; //根據對象查詢 public boolean findUserByNameAndPwd(User user) throws Exception { UserExample example = new UserExample(); List<User> list = userMapper.selectByExample(example); for(User u:list) { if(u.getUsername().equals(user.getUsername())&& u.getUserpwd().equals(user.getUserpwd())) { return true; } } return false; } //插入一個對象的數據 public boolean register(User user) throws Exception { int i = userMapper.insertSelective(user); if(i>0) { return true; } return false; } }
6.編寫控制層
在controller包中新建一個類 UserCtroller
import java.util.List; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import itle.bean.User; import itle.service.IUserService; @Controller public class UserCtroller { @Autowired private IUserService userService; //登錄 @RequestMapping("/login") public String loginqw(User user) throws Exception{ if(userService.findUserByNameAndPwd(user)) { return "success"; } return "login"; } @RequestMapping("/indexReg") public String indexreg() { return "register"; } @RequestMapping("/index") public String indexLog() { return "login"; } //注冊 @RequestMapping("/reg") public String register(User user) throws Exception{ if(userService.register(user)) { return "success"; } return "register"; } }
7.jsp頁面
需要用於登陸注冊的頁面
在webapp/WEB-INF下新建一個jsp文件夾,用於管理jsp頁面,在文件夾下新建login.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Insert title here</title> </head> <body> <h2>登錄頁面</h2> <form action="login.action" method="post"> 用戶名:<input type="text" name="username" /><br/> 密碼:<input type="password" name="userpwd" /><br/> <input type="submit" value="登錄" /> <a href="indexReg.action">去注冊</a> </form> </body> </html>
再新建一個register.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Insert title here</title> </head> <body> <h2>注冊頁面</h2> <form action="reg.action" method="post"> 用戶名:<input type="text" name="username" /><br/> 密碼:<input type="password" name="userpwd" /><br/> <input type="submit" value="注冊" /> <a href="index.action">去登錄</a> </form> </body> </html>
還有一個登陸成功后跳轉的主頁 success.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>成功!</h2>
</body>
</html>
8.測試
運行成功!截圖如下:

