表與表關聯一對多

本文轉載自查看原文 2019-08-20 21:31 667 一對多/ 表與表之間的關系

1...表與表之間的關系

一對一： A B 兩張表 A表中的每條的記錄對應的B的一條記錄

　　　：一對一關系實現方式：

1：使用外鍵關聯

　　　 ：場景：使用客戶表和客戶拓展表

　　　 ：在屬性上添加一個@OneToOne代表一個對一個的關系在屬性上添加@JoinColumn name 存儲外鍵的字段 referencedColumnNm 對方表的字段名稱 (可以省略)

2：使用主鍵關聯，兩個表 A B 的主鍵相同。

　　　：使用@PrimaryKeyJoinColumn 注解不需要配置屬性雙方都需要添加

一對多： A B 兩張表 A表中的每條的記錄對應B表中多條的記錄 B表中多條的記錄對應A表中一條記錄

　　　：場景：客戶和聯系人之間一對多一個客戶對應多個聯系人

　　　：單方：1 添加一個屬性記錄多的一方的信息應該是一個集合 hashset 2 在屬性上添加一個注解 @OneToMany 3一定是多的一方記錄外鍵參照一的一方的主鍵

　　　：多方：1 在屬性上添加注解 @ManyToOne 2 在屬性上添加 @joinColumn 注解

多對多： A B 兩張表 A表中的每條的記錄對應B表中多條的記錄 B表中的每條記錄對應A表中的多條記錄

　　　：后面補充，

具體實現：簡單例子

1...pom.xml

  1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
  2 <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
  3          xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  4          xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  5     <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  6 
  7     <groupId>com.wsc</groupId>
  8     <artifactId>oneToOne</artifactId>
  9     <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
 10 
 11 
 12     <properties>
 13         <spring.version>4.2.4.RELEASE</spring.version>
 14         <hibernate.version>5.0.7.Final</hibernate.version>
 15         <slf4j.version>1.6.6</slf4j.version>
 16         <log4j.version>1.2.12</log4j.version>
 17         <c3p0.version>0.9.1.2</c3p0.version>
 18         <mysql.version>5.1.6</mysql.version>
 19         <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
 20         <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
 21     </properties>
 22     <dependencies>
 23         <dependency>
 24             <groupId>junit</groupId>
 25             <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
 26             <version>4.12</version>
 27             <scope>test</scope>
 28         </dependency>
 29         <!--spring start-->
 30         <dependency>
 31             <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
 32             <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
 33             <version>1.6.8</version>
 34         </dependency>
 35         <dependency>
 36             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
 37             <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
 38             <version>${spring.version}</version>
 39         </dependency>
 40         <dependency>
 41             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
 42             <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
 43             <version>${spring.version}</version>
 44         </dependency>
 45         <dependency>
 46             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
 47             <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
 48             <version>${spring.version}</version>
 49         </dependency>
 50         <dependency>
 51             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
 52             <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
 53             <version>${spring.version}</version>
 54         </dependency>
 55         <dependency>
 56             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
 57             <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
 58             <version>${spring.version}</version>
 59         </dependency>
 60         <dependency>
 61             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
 62             <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
 63             <version>${spring.version}</version>
 64         </dependency>
 65         <!--spring end-->
 66         <!--hibernate start-->
 67         <dependency>
 68             <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
 69             <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
 70             <version>${hibernate.version}</version>
 71         </dependency>
 72         <dependency>
 73             <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
 74             <artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
 75             <version>${hibernate.version}</version>
 76         </dependency>
 77         <dependency>
 78             <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
 79             <artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
 80             <version>5.2.1.Final</version>
 81         </dependency>
 82         <!--hibernate end-->
 83         <dependency>
 84             <groupId>c3p0</groupId>
 85             <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
 86             <version>${c3p0.version}</version>
 87         </dependency>
 88         <dependency>
 89             <groupId>log4j</groupId>
 90             <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
 91             <version>${log4j.version}</version>
 92         </dependency>
 93         <dependency>
 94             <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
 95             <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
 96             <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
 97         </dependency>
 98         <dependency>
 99             <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
100             <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
101             <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
102         </dependency>
103         <dependency>
104             <groupId>mysql</groupId>
105             <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
106             <version>${mysql.version}</version>
107         </dependency>
108         <dependency>
109             <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
110             <artifactId>spring-data-jpa</artifactId>
111             <version>1.9.0.RELEASE</version>
112         </dependency>
113         <dependency>
114             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
115             <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
116             <version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version>
117         </dependency>
118         <dependency>
119             <groupId>javax.el</groupId>
120             <artifactId>javax.el-api</artifactId>
121             <version>2.2.4</version>
122         </dependency>
123         <dependency>
124             <groupId>org.glassfish.web</groupId>
125             <artifactId>javax.el</artifactId>
126             <version>2.2.4</version>
127         </dependency>
128     </dependencies>
129 </project>

pom.xml

2....applicationContext.xml

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 2 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 3        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
 4        xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
 5        xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa"
 6        xsi:schemaLocation="
 7 http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
 8 http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
 9 http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc.xsd
10 http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
11 http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa
12 http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa.xsd">
13     <!--1 數據源-->
14     <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
15         <property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property>
16         <property name="user" value="root"></property>
17         <property name="password" value="wsc"></property>
18         <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/shop"></property>
19     </bean>
20     <!--2 工廠類對象-->
21     <bean id="entityManagerFactoryBean" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
22         <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
23         <!--實體類的掃描器-->
24         <property name="packagesToScan" value="com.wsc.core.entity"></property>
25         <!--配置供應商的適配器-->
26         <property name="jpaVendorAdapter">
27            <bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter">
28 <!--               顯示SQL在console 控制台-->
29                 <property name="showSql" value="true"></property>
30                <property name="generateDdl" value="true"></property>
31                <property name="database" value="MYSQL"></property>
32            </bean>
33         </property>
34         <property name="jpaProperties">
35 <!--          create  創建 表  並  更新 每次運行 重新創建  -->
36             <!--         update  創建 表  並  更新 每次運行 在原來基礎上 CRUD -->
37             <!--          none  不創建 -->
38           <props>
39                 <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">create</prop>
40           </props>
41         </property>
42     </bean>
43     <!--3 事物管理配置配置事物-->
44     <bean id="jpaTransactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
45         <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactoryBean"></property>
46     </bean>
47     <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="jpaTransactionManager">
48         <tx:attributes>
49             <tx:method name="save*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
50             <tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
51             <tx:method name="delete*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
52             <tx:method name="add*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
53             <tx:method name="find*" read-only="true"/>
54             <tx:method name="get*" read-only="true"/>
55             <tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
56         </tx:attributes>
57     </tx:advice>
58     <aop:config>
59         <aop:pointcut id="pointcut" expression="execution(* com.wsc.core.service.*.*(..))"/>
60         <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="pointcut"></aop:advisor>
61     </aop:config>
62     <!--4 dao的包掃描器-->
63     <jpa:repositories base-package="com.wsc.core.dao"
64      transaction-manager-ref="jpaTransactionManager"
65      entity-manager-factory-ref="entityManagerFactoryBean">
66     </jpa:repositories>
67 </beans>

applicationContext.xml

3...cities類

 1 package com.wsc.core.entity;
 2 
 3 
 4 import javax.persistence.*;
 5 import java.io.Serializable;
 6 import java.util.HashSet;
 7 import java.util.Set;
 8 
 9 /**
10  * @version 1.0
11  * @ClassName City
12  * @Description TODO
13  * @Author WSC
14  * @Date 2019/8/20 14:18
15  **/
16 @Entity //實體  必須加
17 @Table(name="ac_city")//表名
18 public class Cities implements Serializable { //實現序列化
19     // 配置主鍵自增的策略
20     @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
21     @Column(name="id")
22     @Id
23     private Long id;
24     @Column(name="cityName")
25     private String cityName;
26     // 表示一對多關聯關系  
27     @OneToMany(cascade =  CascadeType.ALL )
28         //集合 
29     private Set<Flighties> flighties=new HashSet<Flighties>();
30 
31 
32     public Long getId() {
33         return id;
34     }
35 
36     public void setId(Long id) {
37         this.id = id;
38     }
39 
40     public String getCityName() {
41         return cityName;
42     }
43 
44     public void setCityName(String cityName) {
45         this.cityName = cityName;
46     }
47 
48     public Set<Flighties> getFlighties() {
49         return flighties;
50     }
51 
52     public void setFlighties(Set<Flighties> flighties) {
53         this.flighties = flighties;
54     }
55 
56     @Override
57     public String toString() {
58         return "Cities{" +
59                 "id=" + id +
60                 ", cityName='" + cityName + '\'' +
61                 ", flighties=" + flighties +
62                 '}';
63     }
64 }

cities

Flighties類

 1 package com.wsc.core.entity;
 2 
 3 import javax.persistence.*;
 4 import java.io.Serializable;
 5 import java.util.Date;
 6 
 7 /**
 8  * @version 1.0
 9  * @ClassName Flight
10  * @Description TODO
11  * @Author WSC
12  * @Date 2019/8/20 14:26
13  **/
14 @Entity //實體 必須加
15 @Table(name="ac_flight")//表名
16 public class Flighties implements Serializable { //實現序列化
17     @Column(name="id")
18     @Id
19     @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
20     private  Long id;
21     @Column(name="flightNo")
22     private String flightNo;
23    @Column(name="arriveDate")
24    private Date arriveDate;
25     // 表示一對多關聯關系
26     @ManyToOne //多對一
27     // 外鍵 name 當前表中外鍵的字段名
28     @JoinColumn(name="arriveCity",referencedColumnName = "cityName")
29 
30     private Cities cities;
31 
32     public Long getId() {
33         return id;
34     }
35 
36     public void setId(Long id) {
37         this.id = id;
38     }
39 
40     public String getFlightNo() {
41         return flightNo;
42     }
43 
44     public void setFlightNo(String flightNo) {
45         this.flightNo = flightNo;
46     }
47 
48     public Date getArriveDate() {
49         return arriveDate;
50     }
51 
52     public void setArriveDate(Date arriveDate) {
53         this.arriveDate = arriveDate;
54     }
55 
56     public Cities getCities() {
57         return cities;
58     }
59 
60     public void setCities(Cities cities) {
61         this.cities = cities;
62     }
63 
64     @Override
65     public String toString() {
66         return "Flighties{" +
67                 "id=" + id +
68                 ", flightNo='" + flightNo + '\'' +
69                 ", arriveDate=" + arriveDate +
70                 ", cities=" + cities +
71                 '}';
72     }
73 }

Flighties

4...dao

CitiesDao類

1 package com.wsc.core.dao;
2 
3 import com.wsc.core.entity.Cities;
4 import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
5 
6 public interface CitiesDao extends JpaRepository<Cities,Long> {
7 }

Cities

Flighties類

1 package com.wsc.core.dao;
2 
3 import com.wsc.core.entity.Flighties;
4 import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
5 
6 public interface FlightiesDao extends JpaRepository<Flighties,Long> {
7 }

Flightie

5....test

 1 package com.wsc.core.onetone;
 2 
 3 import com.wsc.core.dao.CitiesDao;
 4 import com.wsc.core.dao.FlightiesDao;
 5 import com.wsc.core.entity.Cities;
 6 import com.wsc.core.entity.Flighties;
 7 import org.junit.Test;
 8 import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
 9 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
10 import org.springframework.test.annotation.Commit;
11 import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
12 import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
13 import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
14 
15 import java.util.Date;
16 
17 
18 /**
19  * @version 1.0
20  * @ClassName TestOneTOne
21  * @Description TODO
22  * @Author WSC
23  * @Date 2019/8/20 14:42
24  **/
25 @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
26 @ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:applicationContext.xml")
27 public class OneToMany {
28     @Autowired
29     private CitiesDao citiesDao;
30     @Autowired
31     private FlightiesDao flightiesDao;
32     @Test
33     @Transactional //事務 必須加
34     @Commit  //提交   必須加
35     public void test02() {
36         //創建對象並 賦值
37         Cities cities = new Cities();
38         cities.setCityName("上海");
39         //創建對象並 賦值
40         Flighties flighties1 = new Flighties();
41         flighties1.setArriveDate(new Date());
42         flighties1.setFlightNo("123");
43         //創建對象並 賦值
44         Flighties flighties2 = new Flighties();
45         flighties2.setArriveDate(new Date());
46         flighties2.setFlightNo("456");
47         //創建對象並 賦值
48         Flighties flighties3 = new Flighties();
49         flighties3.setArriveDate(new Date());
50         flighties3.setFlightNo("789");
51 
52         //加入 對應關系
53         cities.getFlighties().add(flighties1);
54         cities.getFlighties().add(flighties2);
55         cities.getFlighties().add(flighties3);
56         //加入 對應關系
57         flighties1.setCities(cities);
58         flighties2.setCities(cities);
59         flighties3.setCities(cities);
60     //保存 進數據庫
61         citiesDao.save(cities);
62         flightiesDao.save(flighties1);
63         flightiesDao.save(flighties2);
64         flightiesDao.save(flighties3);
65     }
66 }

test

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