mybatis 的初始化還是相對比較復雜,但是作者在初始化過程中使用了多種設計模式,包括建造者、動態代理、策略、外觀等,使得代碼的邏輯仍然非常清晰,這一點非常值得我們學習;
一、mapper 初始化主要流程
mybatis 初始化的過程中,主要是 XML 配置的解析,不同的部分又分別委托給了不同的解析器;

解析流程為:
XMLConfigBuilder -> XMLMapperBuilder -> XMLStatementBuilder -> XMLScriptBuilder -> SqlSourceBuilder
- XMLConfigBuilder:負責全局的 mybatis-conf.xml 配置解析;
- XMLMapperBuilder:負責 sql 配置的 mapper 配置解析;
- XMLStatementBuilder:負責 mapper 配置文件中 select|insert|update|delete 節點解析;
- XMLScriptBuilder:負責各 sql 節點解析,主要是動態 sql 解析;
- SqlSourceBuilder:負責構建 SqlSource;
源碼分析:
首先在 XMLConfigBuilder 確定了主要的解析流程:
private void parseConfiguration(XNode root) { // 解析的代碼和xml的配置一一對應
try {
//issue #117 read properties first
propertiesElement(root.evalNode("properties"));
Properties settings = settingsAsProperties(root.evalNode("settings"));
loadCustomVfs(settings);
loadCustomLogImpl(settings);
typeAliasesElement(root.evalNode("typeAliases"));
pluginElement(root.evalNode("plugins"));
objectFactoryElement(root.evalNode("objectFactory"));
objectWrapperFactoryElement(root.evalNode("objectWrapperFactory"));
reflectorFactoryElement(root.evalNode("reflectorFactory"));
settingsElement(settings);
// read it after objectFactory and objectWrapperFactory issue #631
environmentsElement(root.evalNode("environments"));
databaseIdProviderElement(root.evalNode("databaseIdProvider"));
typeHandlerElement(root.evalNode("typeHandlers"));
mapperElement(root.evalNode("mappers"));
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new BuilderException("Error parsing SQL Mapper Configuration. Cause: " + e, e);
}
}
private void mapperElement(XNode parent) throws Exception {
if (parent != null) {
for (XNode child : parent.getChildren()) {
if ("package".equals(child.getName())) { // package 方式,mapper 必須和 xml 配置文件在同一目錄下
String mapperPackage = child.getStringAttribute("name");
configuration.addMappers(mapperPackage);
} else {
String resource = child.getStringAttribute("resource");
String url = child.getStringAttribute("url");
String mapperClass = child.getStringAttribute("class");
if (resource != null && url == null && mapperClass == null) {
ErrorContext.instance().resource(resource);
InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
XMLMapperBuilder mapperParser = new XMLMapperBuilder(inputStream, configuration, resource, configuration.getSqlFragments());
mapperParser.parse();
} else if (resource == null && url != null && mapperClass == null) {
ErrorContext.instance().resource(url);
InputStream inputStream = Resources.getUrlAsStream(url);
XMLMapperBuilder mapperParser = new XMLMapperBuilder(inputStream, configuration, url, configuration.getSqlFragments());
mapperParser.parse();
} else if (resource == null && url == null && mapperClass != null) {
Class<?> mapperInterface = Resources.classForName(mapperClass);
configuration.addMapper(mapperInterface);
} else {
throw new BuilderException("A mapper element may only specify a url, resource or class, but not more than one.");
}
}
}
}
}
然后在 XMLMapperBuilder 中解析 mapper
public void parse() {
if (!configuration.isResourceLoaded(resource)) {
configurationElement(parser.evalNode("/mapper"));
configuration.addLoadedResource(resource);
bindMapperForNamespace(); // 綁定 mapper 和 xml 配置
}
// 下面的三個方式是繼續之前未完成的節點解析;比如在 cache-ref 解析的時候,依賴的 cache namespace 還未創建的時候,就需要暫停
parsePendingResultMaps();
parsePendingCacheRefs();
parsePendingStatements();
}
private void cacheRefElement(XNode context) {
if (context != null) {
configuration.addCacheRef(builderAssistant.getCurrentNamespace(), context.getStringAttribute("namespace"));
CacheRefResolver cacheRefResolver = new CacheRefResolver(builderAssistant, context.getStringAttribute("namespace"));
try {
cacheRefResolver.resolveCacheRef(); // 未找到依賴的 cache 時,暫停解析
} catch (IncompleteElementException e) {
configuration.addIncompleteCacheRef(cacheRefResolver);
}
}
}
二、動態 sql 解析
此外在 mapper 各節點的解析過程中 resultMap 和 sql 節點的解析最為復雜,resultMap 解析主要是 xml 和 反射的處理,有一點繁瑣有興趣可以自己看一下;這里主要講一下 sql 節點的解析要點;
buildStatementFromContext(context.evalNodes("select|insert|update|delete"));
private void buildStatementFromContext(List<XNode> list, String requiredDatabaseId) {
for (XNode context : list) {
final XMLStatementBuilder statementParser = new XMLStatementBuilder(configuration, builderAssistant, context, requiredDatabaseId);
try {
statementParser.parseStatementNode(); // 主要的解析過程放到了XMLStatementBuilder中
} catch (IncompleteElementException e) {
configuration.addIncompleteStatement(statementParser);
}
}
}
// XMLStatementBuilder
public void parseStatementNode() {
...
String parameterType = context.getStringAttribute("parameterType");
Class<?> parameterTypeClass = resolveClass(parameterType);
String lang = context.getStringAttribute("lang");
LanguageDriver langDriver = getLanguageDriver(lang);
// Parse selectKey after includes and remove them.
processSelectKeyNodes(id, parameterTypeClass, langDriver);
// Parse the SQL (pre: <selectKey> and <include> were parsed and removed)
KeyGenerator keyGenerator;
String keyStatementId = id + SelectKeyGenerator.SELECT_KEY_SUFFIX;
keyStatementId = builderAssistant.applyCurrentNamespace(keyStatementId, true);
if (configuration.hasKeyGenerator(keyStatementId)) {
keyGenerator = configuration.getKeyGenerator(keyStatementId);
} else {
keyGenerator = context.getBooleanAttribute("useGeneratedKeys",
configuration.isUseGeneratedKeys() && SqlCommandType.INSERT.equals(sqlCommandType))
? Jdbc3KeyGenerator.INSTANCE : NoKeyGenerator.INSTANCE;
}
SqlSource sqlSource = langDriver.createSqlSource(configuration, context, parameterTypeClass);
...
builderAssistant.addMappedStatement(id, sqlSource, statementType, sqlCommandType,
fetchSize, timeout, parameterMap, parameterTypeClass, resultMap, resultTypeClass,
resultSetTypeEnum, flushCache, useCache, resultOrdered,
keyGenerator, keyProperty, keyColumn, databaseId, langDriver, resultSets);
}
代碼中的 LanguageDriver 就封裝了動態 sql 的解析規則,通過這個接口也可以使用其他的模版引擎或者解析規則(可以通過配置或者注解指定);

其中 XMLLanguageDriver 主要處理動態 sql,RawLanguageDriver 主要處理靜態 sql;
從代碼中可以看到最后 LanguageDriver 將 xml 配置解析成了 SqlSource,其結構如下:

其中:
- RawSqlSource:處理靜態sql,去掉xml標簽;
- DynamicSqlSource:處理動態sql,去掉xml標簽;
- ProviderSqlSource:處理注解形式的sql;
- StaticSqlSource:最終將上面 SqlSource 處理結果中的占位符,替換為 "?",構成真正可執行的sql;
其解析的整體流程如下:

從圖中可以看到 sql 節點的主要解析邏輯就在於 parseDynamicTags,MixedSqlNode rootSqlNode = parseDynamicTags(context);
在看源碼之前先看一下 SqlNode 的結構;

這里的每個 node 和 sql 節點下的子節點一一對應;
protected MixedSqlNode parseDynamicTags(XNode node) {
List<SqlNode> contents = new ArrayList<>();
NodeList children = node.getNode().getChildNodes();
for (int i = 0; i < children.getLength(); i++) {
XNode child = node.newXNode(children.item(i));
if (child.getNode().getNodeType() == Node.CDATA_SECTION_NODE || child.getNode().getNodeType() == Node.TEXT_NODE) {
String data = child.getStringBody("");
TextSqlNode textSqlNode = new TextSqlNode(data);
if (textSqlNode.isDynamic()) {
contents.add(textSqlNode);
isDynamic = true;
} else {
contents.add(new StaticTextSqlNode(data));
}
} else if (child.getNode().getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE) { // issue #628
String nodeName = child.getNode().getNodeName();
NodeHandler handler = nodeHandlerMap.get(nodeName);
if (handler == null) {
throw new BuilderException("Unknown element <" + nodeName + "> in SQL statement.");
}
handler.handleNode(child, contents);
isDynamic = true;
}
}
return new MixedSqlNode(contents);
}
這里主要邏輯是首先通過子標簽的名字,獲取對應的處理器,然后將所有的子標簽生成的 SqlNode 合成 MixedSqlNode;

private void initNodeHandlerMap() {
nodeHandlerMap.put("trim", new TrimHandler());
nodeHandlerMap.put("where", new WhereHandler());
nodeHandlerMap.put("set", new SetHandler());
nodeHandlerMap.put("foreach", new ForEachHandler());
nodeHandlerMap.put("if", new IfHandler());
nodeHandlerMap.put("choose", new ChooseHandler());
nodeHandlerMap.put("when", new IfHandler());
nodeHandlerMap.put("otherwise", new OtherwiseHandler());
nodeHandlerMap.put("bind", new BindHandler());
}
到這里就已經比較清楚了,這個 sql 節點的解析過程使用的是策略模式,整個 sql 節點被封裝成 SqlSource,其子節點封裝為 SqlNode,每個 Node 的解析行為又封裝到 NodeHandler 中;整個流程雖然比較長,但是每個模塊都非常的清晰,這里非常值得我們學習;
三、mapper 動態代理
首先簡單看一個動態代理的 demo
interface Car { void run(String name); }
@Test
public void testDynamic() {
Car car = (Car) Proxy.newProxyInstance(
Car.class.getClassLoader(), // 代理目標的類加載器
new Class[]{Car.class}, // 代理的接口數組,因為可以實現多個接口
new InvocationHandler() { // 動態代理的邏輯代碼
@Override
public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
System.out.println("----動態代理開始----");
// 目標邏輯代碼
System.out.println("----動態代理結束----");
return null;
}
});
car.run("sdf");
}
從上面的代碼可以看到,我們只定義一個接口並沒有實現類,但是通過動態代理就可以動態生成實現類;在使用 mapper 的時候也是一樣的,每次調用mapper方法的時候,都會動態生成一個實現類;
初始化:
// MapperRegistry
public <T> void addMapper(Class<T> type) {
if (type.isInterface()) {
if (hasMapper(type)) {
throw new BindingException("Type " + type + " is already known to the MapperRegistry.");
}
boolean loadCompleted = false;
try {
knownMappers.put(type, new MapperProxyFactory<>(type)); // 為每一個接口添加一個動態代理工廠
MapperAnnotationBuilder parser = new MapperAnnotationBuilder(config, type); // 解析注解配置
parser.parse();
loadCompleted = true;
} finally {
if (!loadCompleted) {
knownMappers.remove(type);
}
}
}
}
使用:
public <T> T getMapper(Class<T> type, SqlSession sqlSession) {
final MapperProxyFactory<T> mapperProxyFactory = (MapperProxyFactory<T>) knownMappers.get(type);
if (mapperProxyFactory == null) {
throw new BindingException("Type " + type + " is not known to the MapperRegistry.");
}
try {
return mapperProxyFactory.newInstance(sqlSession);
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new BindingException("Error getting mapper instance. Cause: " + e, e);
}
}
其主要流程大致如下:
