MVC三層架構搭建

MVC三層架構搭建

項目主要是用三層來搭建項目，三層分為表現層，數據層和業務層。項目用了目前比較流行的IOC架構。目前流行的IoC 框架有AutoFac，Unity，Spring.NET等，項目中選用Spring.NET來搭建三層。

IOC簡單介紹

IOC(Inversion of Control)，中文譯為控制反轉，又稱為“依賴注入”（DI ＝Dependence Injection）IOC的基本概念是：不創建對象，但是描述創建它們的方式。在代碼中不直接與對象和服務連接，但在配置文件中描述哪一個組件需要哪一項服務。容器負責將這些聯系在一起。網上有好多關於IOC介紹的文章，可以在網上查找關於IOC的知識。

三層搭建圖

 

開始項目搭建

使用模塊表為例，來搭建。表結構如下

解決方案項目設計：

1.新建一個空白解決方案名稱為YCUniverse

2.在該解決方案下,新建解決方案文件夾業務層，網站層，數據層，業務層，基礎層

3.網站層里面添加ASP.NET Web應用程序，項目選用MVC

4.數據層分為新建YCUniverse.DAL,YCUniverse.IDAL,YCUniverse.DALFactory類庫

5.業務層分別新建YCUniverse.BLL,YCUniverse.IBLL類庫

6.基礎層新建YCUniverse.Model類庫和YCUniverse.Ioc類庫

建好后結構如下

 

基礎層搭建

YCUniverse.Model作為實體類庫，將EF模型實體添加到YCUniverse.Model類庫

右鍵單擊YCUniverse.Model類庫=>添加=>新建項

選擇好之后點擊添加按鈕

點擊下一步進入下一步配置 

 

 

點擊完成按鈕 完成EF的引用 

將YCUniverse.Model類庫中的App.Config 中鏈接數據庫字符串復制到WebAppl網站Web.config文件中

數據層配置

YCUniverse.IDAL 類庫添加YCUniverse.Model引用

在項目中每一張表都會涉及到查詢，新增，刪除，編輯，分頁等操作，要是每一張表都要新建查詢，刪除，編輯，分頁的方法，這樣會增加項目開發時間和產生重復的代碼。

解決方法將重復用到的方法封裝成一個父類，當子類用到這些方法時可以繼承父類。

1.新建父接口的類 名稱為IBaseRepository.cs

 

public interface IBaseRepository<T> where T : class, new()
{
/// <summary>
/// 查詢
/// </summary>
/// <param name="whereLambda"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
IQueryable<T> LoadEntities(Expression<Func<T, bool>> whereLambda);
/// <summary>
/// 添加
/// </summary>
/// <param name="entity"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
T AddEntity(T entity);
/// <summary>
/// 編輯
/// </summary>
/// <param name="entity"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
bool EditEntity(T entity);
/// <summary>
/// 刪除
/// </summary>
/// <param name="entity"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
bool DelEntity(T entity);
/// <summary>
/// 分頁
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="s"></typeparam>
/// <param name="pageIndex"></param>
/// <param name="pageSize"></param>
/// <param name="totalCount"></param>
/// <param name="whereLambda"></param>
/// <param name="orderByLambda"></param>
/// <param name="IsAsc"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
IQueryable<T> LoadPageEntities<s>(int pageIndex, int pageSize, out int totalCount, Expression<Func<T, bool>> whereLambda, Expression<Func<T, s>> orderByLambda, bool IsAsc);
}

 

2.新建模塊表接口類 名稱為ItbMenuRepository.cs繼承父類IBaseRepository

public interface ItbMenuRepository : IBaseRepository<tbMenu>
{

}

 

YCUniverse.IDAL 類庫配置完成

YCUniverse.DAL類庫開始配置

YCUniverse.DAL類庫添加YCUniverse.Model，YCUniverse.IDAL,YCUniverse.Ioc和EF引用

1.新建EF上下類FactoryDBContext.cs

public class FactoryDBContext
{
/// <summary>
/// 保證EF上下文實例是線程內唯一
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public static DbContext GetDBContext()
{
DbContext dbcontext = (DbContext)CallContext.GetData("dbcontext");
if (dbcontext == null)
{
dbcontext = new YCUniverseEntities();
CallContext.SetData("dbcontext", dbcontext);
}
return dbcontext;
}
}

 

2.新建父類BaseRepository.cs

public class BaseRepository<T> where T : class, new()
{
#region 1.0 獲取ef上下文
public DbContext db = FactoryDBContext.GetDBContext();
#endregion

#region 2.0 條件查詢
public IQueryable<T> LoadEntities(Expression<Func<T, bool>> whereLambda)
{
return db.Set<T>().Where(whereLambda);
}
#endregion

#region 3.0 分頁
/// <summary>
/// 分頁
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="s"></typeparam>
/// <param name="pageIndex">當前頁</param>
/// <param name="pageSize">頁行數</param>
/// <param name="totalCount">總數</param>
/// <param name="whereLambda">條件lambda</param>
/// <param name="orderByLambda">排序lambda</param>
/// <param name="IsAsc">true 升序 falase 降序</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public IQueryable<T> LoadPageEntities<s>(int pageIndex, int pageSize, out int totalCount, Expression<Func<T, bool>> whereLambda, Expression<Func<T, s>> orderByLambda, bool IsAsc)
{
var temp = db.Set<T>().Where(whereLambda);
totalCount = temp.Count();
if (IsAsc)
{
temp = temp.OrderBy<T, s>(orderByLambda).Take<T>((pageIndex - 1) * pageSize).Skip<T>(pageSize);
}
else
{
temp = temp.OrderByDescending<T, s>(orderByLambda).Take<T>((pageIndex - 1) * pageSize).Skip<T>(pageSize);
}
return temp;
}
#endregion

#region 4.0 添加
public T AddEntity(T entity)
{
db.Set<T>().Add(entity);
return entity;
}
#endregion

#region 5.0 刪除
public bool DelEntity(T entity)
{
db.Set<T>().Attach(entity);
db.Entry<T>(entity).State = EntityState.Deleted;
return true;
}
#endregion

#region 6.0 編輯
public bool EditEntity(T entity)
{
db.Set<T>().Attach(entity);
db.Entry<T>(entity).State = EntityState.Modified;
return true;
}
#endregion
}

 

 

3.0 新建tbMenuRepositor.cs類繼承BaseRepository

public class tbMenuRepositor : BaseRepository<tbMenu>, ItbMenuRepository
{
//自定義方法
}

 

YCUniverse.DAL類庫配置完成

YCUniverse.Ioc配置

WebAppl添加YCUniverse.Ioc,Common.Logging.dll引用

在WebAppl網站Web.config中添加已下內容

<sectionGroup name="spring">
<!--跟下面Spring.Net節點配置是一一對應關系-->
<!--配置解析Spring塊的對象-->
<section name="context" type="Spring.Context.Support.ContextHandler, Spring.Core" />
<!--配置解析Spring存放對象的容器集合-->
<section name="objects" type="Spring.Context.Support.DefaultSectionHandler, Spring.Core" />
</sectionGroup>

<!--Spring.Net節點配置-->
<spring>
<context>
<!--容器配置-->
<!--<resource uri="config://spring/objects"/>-->
<!--xml文件方式，更改屬性，復制到輸出目錄：始終復制-->
<resource uri="~/Config/dal.xml" />
<resource uri="~/Config/controllers.xml" />
<resource uri="~/Config/service.xml" />
</context>
</spring>
<!--log4net節點配置-->

 

YCUniverse.Ioc 類庫添加Spring.Core.dll引用

新建SpringHelper.cs類

public class SpringHelper
{
#region Spring容器上下文 +IApplicationContext SpringContext
/// <summary>
/// Spring容器上下文
/// </summary>
private static IApplicationContext SpringContext
{
get
{
return ContextRegistry.GetContext();
}
}
#endregion

#region 獲取配置文件配置的對象 +T GetObject<T>(string objName) where T : class
/// <summary>
/// 獲取配置文件配置的對象
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
/// <param name="objName"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static T GetObject<T>(string objName) where T : class
{
return (T)SpringContext.GetObject(objName);

}
#endregion
}

 

YCUniverse.Ioc配置完成

在YCUniverse.IDAL類庫添加接口類IDBSession.cs

public interface IDBSession
{
bool SaveChange();
ItbMenuRepository ItbMenuRepository { get; set; }
}

 

 

YCUniverse.DALFactory類庫配置

引用YCUniverse.Model，YCUniverse.IDAL，YCUniverse.DAL，EF

 

1.在YCUniverse.DAL中新建DalFactory.cs

public class DalFactory
{
public static ItbMenuRepository GettbMenuRepository
{
get
{
return SpringHelper.GetObject<ItbMenuRepository>("tbMenuRepository");
}
}
}

 

2.新建DBSession.cs

public class DBSession : IDBSession
{
private ItbMenuRepository _tbMenuRepository;
public ItbMenuRepository ItbMenuRepository
{
get
{
if (_tbMenuRepository == null)
{
_tbMenuRepository = DalFactory.GettbMenuRepository;
}
return _tbMenuRepository;
}

set
{
_tbMenuRepository = value;
}
}

DbContext db = FactoryDBContext.GetDBContext();
public bool SaveChange()
{
return db.SaveChanges() > 0;
}
}

 

3.新建FactoryDBSession.cs

public class FactoryDBSession
{
/// <summary>
/// 實例化DBSession
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public static IDBSession GetDBSession()
{
DBSession dbsession = (DBSession)CallContext.GetData("dbsession");
if (dbsession == null)
{
dbsession = new DBSession();
CallContext.SetData("dbsession", dbsession);
}
return dbsession;
}
}

 

 

YCUniverse.DALFactory類庫配置完成

 

YCUniverse.IBLL類庫開始配置

引用YCUniverse.Model，YCUniverse.IDAL，YCUniverse.DAL和YCUniverse.DALFactory

1.新建父類IBaseService.cs

public interface IBaseService<T> where T : class, new()
{
IBaseRepository<T> CurrentRepository { get; set; }
IDBSession GetCurrentDbSession { get; }
IQueryable<T> LoadEntities(Expression<Func<T, bool>> whereLambda);
IQueryable<T> LoadPageEntities<s>(int pageIndex, int pageSize, out int totalCount, Expression<Func<T, bool>> whereLambda, Expression<Func<T, s>> orderByLambda, bool IsAsc);
T AddEntity(T entity);
bool EditEntity(T entity);
bool DelEntity(T entity);
}

 

2.新建ItbMenuService.cs

public interface ItbMenuService : IBaseService<tbMenu>
{
//自定義方法
}

 

YCUniverse.IBLL類庫配置完成

YCUniverse.BLL類庫開始配置

引用YCUniverse.Model，YCUniverse.IDAL，YCUniverse.DAL,YCUniverse.IBLL和YCUniverse.DALFactory

1.新建父類BaseService.cs

public abstract class BaseService<T> where T : class, new()
{
public IBaseRepository<T> CurrentRepository { get; set; }
public IDBSession GetCurrentDbSession
{
get
{
return FactoryDBSession.GetDBSession();
}
}
public abstract void SetCurretnRepository();
public BaseService()
{
SetCurretnRepository();
}

#region 添加
public T AddEntity(T entity)
{
CurrentRepository.AddEntity(entity);
GetCurrentDbSession.SaveChange();
return entity;
}
#endregion

#region 刪除
public bool DelEntity(T entity)
{
CurrentRepository.DelEntity(entity);
return GetCurrentDbSession.SaveChange();
}
#endregion

#region 編輯
public bool EditEntity(T entity)
{
CurrentRepository.EditEntity(entity);
return GetCurrentDbSession.SaveChange();
}
#endregion

#region 條件查詢
public IQueryable<T> LoadEntities(Expression<Func<T, bool>> whereLambda)
{
return CurrentRepository.LoadEntities(whereLambda);
}
#endregion

#region 分頁
public IQueryable<T> LoadPageEntities<s>(int pageIndex, int pageSize, out int totalCount, Expression<Func<T, bool>> whereLambda, Expression<Func<T, s>> orderByLambda, bool IsAsc)
{
return CurrentRepository.LoadPageEntities<s>(pageIndex, pageSize, out totalCount, whereLambda, orderByLambda, IsAsc);
}
#endregion

}

 

 

2.新建tbMenuService.cs繼承父類

public class tbMenuService : BaseService<tbMenu>, ItbMenuService
{
public override void SetCurretnRepository()
{
CurrentRepository = this.GetCurrentDbSession.ItbMenuRepository;
}
}

 

YCUniverse.BLL配置完成

網站層 WebAppl配置

引用YCUniverse.Model,YCUniverse.BLL和YCUniverse.IBLL

新建文件夾Config

分別新建controllers.xml，dal.xml，service.xml設置3個文件的屬性為始終復制

dal.xml

<objects xmlns="http://www.springframework.net">
<!--這里放容器里面的所有節點-->
<description>An example that demonstrates simple IoC features.</description>
<!--name 必須要唯一的，type=類的全名稱，所在的程序集-->
<object name="tbMenuRepository" type="YCUniverse.DAL.tbMenuRepositor, YCUniverse.DAL" singleton="false"></object>
</objects>

 

service.xml

<objects xmlns="http://www.springframework.net">
<!--這里放容器里面的所有節點-->
<!--name 必須要唯一的，type=類的全名稱，所在的程序集-->
<object type="YCUniverse.BLL.tbMenuService, YCUniverse.BLL" singleton="false" name="tbMenuService"></object>
</objects>

 

 

controllers.xml

<objects xmlns="http://www.springframework.net">
<!--這里放容器里面的所有節點-->
<!--name 必須要唯一的，type=類的全名稱，所在的程序集-->
<!--屬性注入-->
<!--權限管理-->
<object type="WebAppl.Controllers.BaseController, WebAppl" singleton="false" >
<property name="tbMenuService" ref="tbMenuService" />
</object>
</objects>

 

 

在控制器中新建類BaseController.cs

public class BaseController : Controller
{
//屬性注入
public ItbMenuService tbMenuService
{
get
{
return SpringHelper.GetObject<ItbMenuService>("tbMenuService");
}
}
}

 

 

到此三層架構搭建完成

新建頁面測試

新建TestController控制器

 

運行項目 頁面如下所示

 

 

項目源代碼地址 提取碼 ky97

視頻地址 提取碼: 7wuu