安裝Ubuntu服務器版
1、點擊 “開啟此虛擬機”，開始安裝。
2、默認選擇English，英文版安裝，直接按Enter鍵即可。
3、默認選擇“Install Ubuntu Server”，安裝ubuntu服務器版。
4、繼續默認項“English”
5、國家或地區我們選擇 “Other”--> "Asia" --> "China"
6、繼續默認項
7、是否檢測鍵盤布局，我們選擇“No”
8、鍵盤布局所屬國家：English ；鍵盤布局：English 。兩項都是默認即可。
9、設置主機名字，根據自己的需要來，然后按“↓”選擇“Continue”，繼續。
10、創建新用戶：輸入新用戶全名（注意：不是登錄賬號，相當於描述）
11、設置賬戶名（該賬戶名是用來登錄的），我默認和上一項一致。
12、設置密碼和再次填入密碼
13、是否使用強度弱的密碼，我選擇“Yes”
14、是否加密主目錄，選擇“No”
15、時區是否正確，這里顯示的事哈爾濱，我們先選擇“Yes”。系統安裝好之后我們可以更改為上海。
16、磁盤分區，默認為第二個選項，但為了簡單省事，我選擇了第一個
17、選擇分區，這里只有一個，我們選擇默認即可。
18、是否將變更寫入硬盤，我們選擇“Yes”
19、“如果您需要用HTTP代理來鏈接外部網咯，請在這里輸入代理的信息。否則，請置空。”
這里我置空，然后繼續。
20、稍等片刻之后，出現下面界面，選擇更新方式，我們選擇不自動更新
21、我選擇把OpenSSH server安裝上，按空格選中，然后按“Enter”鍵確認繼續
22、將GRUB安裝至硬盤？我們默認選擇“Yes”
23、默認繼續，系統會自動重啟，然后進入登錄界面。
24、登錄界面，至此，Ubuntu服務器版基本安裝完成。
更換阿里雲的源 下載會快一些：
修改阿里源為Ubuntu 18.04默認的源 備份/etc/apt/sources.list #備份 cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak 在/etc/apt/sources.list文件前面添加如下條目 #添加阿里源 deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse 最后執行如下命令更新源 ##更新 sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get upgrade 另外其他幾個國內源如下： 中科大源 ##中科大源 deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse 163源 ##163源 deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse 清華源 ##清華源 deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
Ubuntu 默認不提供ssh服務：
也就是說無法用 Xshell 連接
1、安裝ssh服務 sudo apt-get install openssh-server 2、修改配置文件 sudo vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config #PermitRootLogin without-password #注釋掉這行 PermitRootLogin yes #增加這行 #重啟服務 /etc/init.d/ssh restart