注意：這個MySQL5.6.45版本有問題，修改配置文件不生效，推薦安裝MySQL5.6.43
下載yum源
官網地址：http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/
centos7系統:
wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm
# wget http://repo.mysql.com/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
[root@localhost ~]# wget http://repo.mysql.com/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm --2019-08-10 22:12:00-- http://repo.mysql.com/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm Resolving repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)... 104.74.21.42 Connecting to repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)|104.74.21.42|:80... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK Length: 6140 (6.0K) [application/x-redhat-package-manager] Saving to: ‘mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm’ 100%[===================================================================================================================>] 6,140 --.-K/s in 0s 2019-08-10 22:12:00 (222 MB/s) - ‘mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm’ saved [6140/6140] [root@localhost ~]# [root@localhost ~]# ls anaconda-ks.cfg mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
centos6.5系統:
wget http://repo.mysql.com/mysql-community-release-el6-5.noarch.rpm
wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el6-7.noarch.rpm
檢測系統是否自帶安裝mysql
# yum list installed | grep mysql
刪除系統自帶的mysql
# yum -y remove mysql-libs.x86_64
由於這個mysql的yum源服務器在國外，所以下載速度會比較慢，mysql5.6只有79M大，而mysql5.7就有182M。
安裝mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm包
# rpm -ivh mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm Preparing... ################################# [100%] Updating / installing... 1:mysql-community-release-el7-5 ################################# [100%]
安裝完這個包后，會獲得兩個mysql的yum repo源：/etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo，/etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community-source.repo
[root@localhost ~]# ls /etc/yum.repos.d/ centos.repo mysql-community.repo mysql-community-source.rep
# vi mysql-community.repo
[mysql-connectors-community] name=MySQL Connectors Community baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-connectors-community/el/7/$basearch/ enabled=1 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql [mysql-tools-community] name=MySQL Tools Community baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-tools-community/el/7/$basearch/ enabled=1 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql # Enable to use MySQL 5.5 [mysql55-community] name=MySQL 5.5 Community Server baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.5-community/el/7/$basearch/ enabled=0 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql # Enable to use MySQL 5.6 [mysql56-community] name=MySQL 5.6 Community Server baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.6-community/el/7/$basearch/ enabled=1 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql # Note: MySQL 5.7 is currently in development. For use at your own risk. # Please read with sub pages: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/relnotes/mysql/5.7/en/ [mysql57-community-dmr] name=MySQL 5.7 Community Server Development Milestone Release baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/7/$basearch/ enabled=0 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
# cat mysql-community-source.repo
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# cat mysql-community-source.repo [mysql-connectors-community-source] name=MySQL Connectors Community - Source baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-connectors-community/el/7/SRPMS enabled=0 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql [mysql-tools-community-source] name=MySQL Tools Community - Source baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-tools-community/el/7/SRPMS enabled=0 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql [mysql55-community-source] name=MySQL 5.5 Community Server - Source baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.5-community/el/7/SRPMS enabled=0 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql [mysql56-community-source] name=MySQL 5.6 Community Server - Source baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.6-community/el/7/SRPMS enabled=0 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql [mysql57-community-dmr-source] name=MySQL 5.7 Community Server Development Milestone Release - Source baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/7/SRPMS enabled=0 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
用yum repolist mysql這個命令查看一下是否已經有mysql可安裝文件
# yum repolist all | grep mysql
[root@localhost ~]# yum repolist all | grep mysql mysql-connectors-community/x86_64 MySQL Connectors Community enabled: 118 mysql-connectors-community-source MySQL Connectors Community - S disabled mysql-tools-community/x86_64 MySQL Tools Community enabled: 95 mysql-tools-community-source MySQL Tools Community - Source disabled mysql55-community/x86_64 MySQL 5.5 Community Server disabled mysql55-community-source MySQL 5.5 Community Server - S disabled mysql56-community/x86_64 MySQL 5.6 Community Server enabled: 479 mysql56-community-source MySQL 5.6 Community Server - S disabled mysql57-community-dmr/x86_64 MySQL 5.7 Community Server Dev disabled mysql57-community-dmr-source MySQL 5.7 Community Server Dev disabled
安裝mysql
# yum install mysql-server -y
Installed: mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.6.45-2.el7 mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.6.45-2.el7 Dependency Installed: mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.6.45-2.el7 mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.6.45-2.el7 net-tools.x86_64 0:2.0-0.24.20131004git.el7 perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2.x86_64 0:2.061-3.el7 perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib.x86_64 1:2.061-4.el7 perl-DBI.x86_64 0:1.627-4.el7 perl-IO-Compress.noarch 0:2.061-2.el7 perl-Net-Daemon.noarch 0:0.48-5.el7 perl-PlRPC.noarch 0:0.2020-14.el7 Replaced: mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.44-2.el7.centos Complete!
加入開機自啟動
# systemctl enable mysqld
啟動mysql服務進程
# systemctl start mysqld
查看mysql服務進程
# systemctl status mysqld
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable mysqld [root@localhost ~]# [root@localhost ~]# systemctl start mysqld [root@localhost ~]# [root@localhost ~]# systemctl status mysqld ◠mysqld.service - MySQL Community Server Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled) Active: active (running) since Sat 2019-08-10 22:37:58 CST; 13s ago Process: 24969 ExecStartPost=/usr/bin/mysql-systemd-start post (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) Process: 24908 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysql-systemd-start pre (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) Main PID: 24968 (mysqld_safe) CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service ├─24968 /bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --basedir=/usr └─25134 /usr/sbin/mysqld --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin --log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log --pid-fil... Aug 10 22:37:57 localhost.localdomain mysql-systemd-start[24908]: PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER ! Aug 10 22:37:57 localhost.localdomain mysql-systemd-start[24908]: To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands: Aug 10 22:37:57 localhost.localdomain mysql-systemd-start[24908]: /usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password' Aug 10 22:37:57 localhost.localdomain mysql-systemd-start[24908]: /usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h localhost.localdomain password 'new-password' Aug 10 22:37:57 localhost.localdomain mysql-systemd-start[24908]: Alternatively you can run: Aug 10 22:37:57 localhost.localdomain mysql-systemd-start[24908]: /usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation Aug 10 22:37:57 localhost.localdomain mysql-systemd-start[24908]: which will also give you the option of removing the test Aug 10 22:37:57 localhost.localdomain mysqld_safe[24968]: 190810 22:37:57 mysqld_safe Logging to '/var/log/mysqld.log'. Aug 10 22:37:57 localhost.localdomain mysqld_safe[24968]: 190810 22:37:57 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql Aug 10 22:37:58 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started MySQL Community Server.
進入mysql
# mysql
[root@localhost ~]# mysql Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 2 Server version: 5.6.45 MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql>
初始化配置
# mysql_secure_installation
[root@localhost ~]# mysql_secure_installation NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MySQL SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE! PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY! In order to log into MySQL to secure it, we'll need the current password for the root user. If you've just installed MySQL, and you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank, so you should just press enter here. Enter current password for root (enter for none): #回車 OK, successfully used password, moving on... Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MySQL root user without the proper authorisation. Set root password? [Y/n] y #是否設置root密碼 New password: Re-enter new password: Password updated successfully! Reloading privilege tables.. ... Success! By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have a user account created for them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a production environment. Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y #是否刪除匿名用戶 ... Success! Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network. Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] n #是否禁止root用戶遠程登錄 ... skipping. By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed before moving into a production environment. Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y #是否刪除test數據庫 - Dropping test database... ERROR 1008 (HY000) at line 1: Can't drop database 'test'; database doesn't exist ... Failed! Not critical, keep moving... - Removing privileges on test database... ... Success! Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far will take effect immediately. Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y #是否刷新權限配置生效 ... Success! All done! If you've completed all of the above steps, your MySQL installation should now be secure. Thanks for using MySQL! Cleaning up...
再次進入mysql會出現如下情況
# mysql
[root@localhost ~]# mysql ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)
使用用戶名密碼進入mysql
# mysql -uroot -p
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p Enter password: #輸入設置的root密碼 Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 16 Server version: 5.6.45 MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql>
此時mysql只允許內部使用連接，客戶端連接會報如下錯誤
null, message from server: "Host '192.168.1.10' is not allowed to connect to this MySQL server"
授權遠程登錄
grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' identified by 'password' with grant option;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%'IDENTIFIED BY 'password' WITH GRANT OPTION;
第一個是你的用戶名root，第二個password是遠程的密碼
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' identified by '123456' with grant option
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user; +------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+ | user | host | password | +------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+ | root | localhost | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 | | root | localhost.localdomain | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 | | root | 127.0.0.1 | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 | | root | ::1 | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 | +------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' identified by '123456' with grant option; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user; +------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+ | user | host | password | +------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+ | root | localhost | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 | | root | localhost.localdomain | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 | | root | 127.0.0.1 | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 | | root | ::1 | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 | | root | % | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 | +------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+ 5 rows in set (0.01 sec) mysql>
開放防火牆端口
# firewall-cmd --add-port 3306/tcp
# firewall-cmd --add-port 3306/tcp --permanent
[root@localhost ~]# firewall-cmd --add-port 3306/tcp success
重啟防火牆
# systemctl restart firewalld
參考博客：
Centos7安裝mysql5.6教程
https://blog.csdn.net/wyj19950908/article/details/79684574
CentOS 6.7下MySQL 5.6快速安裝及參數詳解
https://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2017-11/148266.htm
centos6.5安裝mysql請參考
linux CentOS6.5 yum安裝mysql 5.6
CentOS7安裝mysql5.6
https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_37650458/article/details/84105489
二進制編譯安裝mysql5.6請參考：
https://www.cnblogs.com/yszd/p/10178253.html
https://blog.51cto.com/holy2010/2287884